Philippine Revolts Against Spain Essay Example

Spanish soldier. Governor-General Santiago de Vera sent Spanish and Filipino colonial troops, leading to the arrest and immediate execution of the revolt's leaders by Christian Cruz-Herrera.

Conspiracy of the Maharlkas (1587-1588) Main article: Conspiracy of the Maharlikas The Conspiracy of the Maharllikas, or the Tondo Conspiracy, of 1587-1588, was a plot against the Spanish colonial rule by the kin-related noblemen, or datus, of Manila and some towns of Bulacan and Pampanga. It was led by Agustin de Legazpl, nephew of Lakandula, and his first cousin, Martin Panga. The datus swore to revolt by to the Spanish authorities by Antonio Surabao (Susabau) of Calamianes. ]

Revolts Against the Tribute (1589) The Cagayan and Dingras Revolts Against the Tribute occurred on Luzon in the present-day provinces of Cagayan and 'locos Norte in 1589. Ilocanos, Ibanags and other Filipinos revolted against alleged abuses by the tax collectors, including the collection of high taxes. It began when six tax collectors who had arrived from Vigan ere killed by the natives.

Governor-General Santiago de Vera sent Spanish and Filipino colonial troops to pacify the rebels. The rebels were eventually pardoned and the Philippine tax system reformed. ][4] Magalat Revolt (1596) Main article: Magalat Revolt The Magalat Revolt was an uprising in 1596, led by Magalat, a Filipino rebel from Cagayan. He had been arrested in Manila for inciting rebellion against the Spanish. He was later released after some urging by some Dominican priests, and returned to Cagayan. Together with his brother, he urged the entire country to revolt. He was said to have committed atrocities against his fellow natives for refusing to rise up against the Spaniards. He soon controlled the

countryside, and the Spanish eventually found themselves besieged.

The Spanish Governor-General Francisco de Tello de Guzman dispatched Pedro de Chaves from Manila with Spanish and Filipino colonial troops. Together, they successfully fought against the rebels and apprehended multiple leaders under Magalat. However, Magalat himself met his demise within his heavily fortified headquarters at the hands of his own men. Additionally, by order of Governor-General Francisco de Tello de Guzman, an expedition was launched to the Cordillera region for religious conversion purposes, with the assistance of Padre Esteban Marin.

The text discusses two revolts in the Philippines during the colonial period, one involving the Igorots and the other involving the Chinese. In the Igorot revolt, Marin, a curate, attempted to convert the Igorots peacefully to Christianity but was killed by them. Captain Aranda was sent by the Governor-General to suppress the revolt using force. The Chinese revolt of 1603 resulted in the slaughter of thousands of Chinese merchants by a Spanish chieftain in Luzon. Surviving Chinese fled to Wawa (now Guagua) and some Chinese inhabitants of Manila set fire to Legarda and Binondo. There was also a threat to capture Intramuros.

Tamblot Revolt (1621-1622) Main article: Tamblot Uprising The Tamblot Revolt or Tamblot Uprising was a religious uprising in the island of Bohol, led by Tamblot in 1621. The Jesuits first came to Bohol in 1596 and eventually governed the island and converted the Boholanos to the Catholic faith. Tamblot, a babaylan or native priest, urged his fellow Boholanos to return to the old native religion of their forefathers. [7] The revolt began on the day when the Jesuits were in Cebu, celebrating the feast day of St. Francis

Xavier.

The religious uprising known as the Bancao Revolt took place from 1621 to 1622 in the present-day Carigara Philippine province of Leyte. Led by Bancao, the datu of Carigara, the revolt aimed to resist Spanish colonial rule. Bancao had initially welcomed Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the Spanish colonizer, as a guest when he arrived in the Philippines in 1565. However, over time, Bancao abandoned his Christian faith.

Together with a babaylan named Pagali, he constructed a temple for a diwata or indigenous goddess and spurred six towns to revolt. Like the Tamblot Uprising, Pagali employed sorcery to gather supporters and proclaimed that they could transform the Spaniards into clay by flinging small pieces of earth at them. Governor-General Alonso Fajardo de Entenza dispatched the alcalde mayor of Cebu, Juan de Alcarazo, along with Spanish and Filipino colonial forces, to quash the uprising.

Bancao's decapitated head was impaled on a bamboo stake and exhibited as a harsh cautionary message to the masses. In addition, one of his sons was also decapitated, and one of the babaylans was burned alive. Three more of his supporters were executed by a firing squad. According to other historical sources, the Bancao Revolt is documented as the initial recorded rebellion against foreign colonization.

The dates (1621-1622) may not be accurate, as Carigara was evangelized only ten years after Magellan's landing in Limasawa in 1521. It is possible that the uprising occurred towards the end of the 16th century. The Revolt (1625-1627), also known as the Mandaya Revolt, was a religious uprising against Spanish colonial rule. It was led by Miguel Lanab and Alababan, both Christianized Filipinos from the ltneg or Mandaya tribe of

Capinatan, in the northwestern Cagayan region of the Philippines. This area is now part of the landlocked province of Apayao. Miguel Lanab and Alababan committed the murders, beheadings, and mutilation of two Dominican missionaries, Father Alonzo Garcia and Brother Onofre Palao. These missionaries were sent by the Spanish colonial government to convert the ltneg people to Christianity.

After dismembering Father Garcia's body, the rebels fed his remains to a group of pigs and fled with them to the mountains. In 1626, Governor-General Janette de Silva dispatched Spanish and Filipino troops to quell the uprising. These forces destroyed farms and other food sources to starve the rebels, ultimately leading to their surrender in 1627. The Ladia Revolt (1643) featured Pedro Ladia, a Bornean who claimed to be a descendant of Lakandula, arriving in Malolos.

During that time, the land was taken away from the Spanish and he believed it was about time to lead a rebellion and proclaim himself as the King of the Tagalogs, despite the attempted persuasion of a parish priest. After being captured, he was taken to Manila where he faced execution. In the town of Palapag in present-day Northern Samar, Agustin Sumuroy, a Waray, and some of his followers took up arms on June 1, 1649 against the polo y servicio system being implemented in Samar. This revolt is now referred to as the Sumuroy Revolt, named after Agustin Sumuroy.

The government in Manila issued a directive that all natives who were subject to the polo should not be sent far from their hometowns for their polo duties. However, the various town alcaldes, or mayors, disregarded this directive and sent Samarnons to the shipyards of

Cavite for their polo duties. This action sparked a revolt, resulting in the murder of the local parish priest of Palapag. The revolt eventually spread to Mindanao, Bicol, and other parts of the Visayas region, particularly in Cebu, Masbate, Camiguin, Zamboanga, Albay, Camarines, and parts of northern Mindanao like Surigao.

A free government was also established in the mountains of Samar. The revolt suffered a major setback with the defeat, capture, and execution of Sumuroy in June 1650. However, his trusted co-conspirator David Dula continued the fight for freedom with even greater determination. Unfortunately, during a fierce battle several years later, Dula and his seven top lieutenants were wounded, captured, and subsequently executed by the Spaniards in Palapag, Northern Samar. Another uprising, known as the Maniago Revolt, took place in Pampanga during the 1660s.

During the colonial period, there was a revolt against the Spanish led by Francisco Maniago. This revolt was named after him. Pampanga, which was relatively wealthy at that time, received the most attention from religious groups. However, they also faced hardships such as higher tribute, forced labor, and exploitation in rice production. The people of Pampanga had to endure eight months of unfair working conditions without payment for their labor or for the rice they sold. Their patience reached its limit and they showed their intention to revolt by setting their campsite on fire.

The battle quickly started and, as the Spaniards were preoccupied with the Dutch, they suffered heavy losses from the Kapampangans. They aimed to achieve liberation by revolting. Maniago not only succeeded in convincing his people to believe his propaganda, but also won over the Pangasinenses, Cagayanons, and Ilocanos. However, Maniago

sometimes exaggerated his claims. On one occasion, he falsely informed his followers that a group of Pampangos had entered Manila and slaughtered all the Spaniards. Nonetheless, he remained confident in his ability to persuade the chiefs of every town in Pampanga to eliminate the Spaniards and free the province from their rule.

Although Spanish governor Sabiniano Manrique de Lara successfully neutralized the rebellion, his tactic was to use the "divide and rule" approach. He first demonstrated strength in the affluent town of Macabebe, which led to intimidation and a more favorable attitude towards the Spaniards. The Spaniards reciprocated this friendliness and applied the same strategy to other towns in the province. In the end, Maniago and his supporters had no choice but to agree to make peace with Governor de Lara.

The Governor deceived Maniago by offering him a bribe to become a master of camp in the Pampango regiment in Manila. As a result, Maniago disappeared and it is believed that he was later shot in Mexico, Pampanga. Following the Maniago revolt, a larger and more violent uprising took place in Pangasinan. This rebellion was initiated by Andres Malong, who answered Maniago's call to revolt against the Spaniards. Known as the Malong Revolt (1660-1661), Malong led the indigenous people of Pangasinan in armed resistance against the Spanish government and declared himself the King of Pangasinan.

Andres Malong, prior to the rebellion, was the master-of-camp of the Governor General in Pangasinan. However, his kingdom was short-lived and soon most of his forces abandoned him, enabling the Spanish forces to capture him and subsequently execute him. The Almazan Revolt (January 1661) was a part of the chain to

the Malong Revolt. It was led by Don Pedro Almazan, an illustrious and wealthy leader from San Nicolas, Laoag, 'locos Norte.