Theorists Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Theorists?

The field of psychology is vast and expansive, and there are countless theorists who have contributed to the knowledge and understanding of this field. Two well-known theorists that have had a major impact on the way we understand psychology today are Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner. Sigmund Freud is widely considered to be one of the most influential figures in modern psychology. He developed the psychoanalytic theory which explains how conscious and unconscious thoughts, feelings, motivations, behavior, and mental illness interact with each other. Through his research into dream analysis, he believed that dreams are a window into our unconscious mind where our repressed ideas can be expressed symbolically. He also developed a method of talking therapy known as psychoanalysis which helps individuals explore their own subconscious issues in order to gain insight into their current behaviors or emotions. In addition to his therapeutic theories, Freud also introduced concepts such as the ego, id and superego which form part of his psychoanalytic theory.B.F Skinner was an American psychologist who focused on behaviorism; the study of how people’s behavior is shaped by external stimuli or reinforcements (such as rewards or punishments). He believed that free will was an illusion created by an individual’s environment rather than something innate within themself; in other words he suggested that people’s choices were dictated largely by their past experiences rather than any sort of internal decision-making process. His most famous contribution was probably his development of operant conditioning a way to modify behaviour by rewarding desired behaviours while ignoring or punishing undesired behaviours which has been used extensively over the years in both educational settings and animal training programmes alike. Overall both Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theories as well as B.F Skinner’s behavioral theories have had an immense impact on modern psychology both in terms of therapeutic practices as well as academic studies; they remain two iconic figures that have helped shape our understanding of human behaviour throughout history up until this day.