Indian Reorganization Act Of 1934 Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Indian Reorganization Act Of 1934?

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act, was an important piece of legislation passed by the United States Congress in order to reorganize Native American tribal government and promote economic development on reservations. This act reversed a policy of assimilation that had been in place since the Dawes Act of 1887, which had led to the loss of millions of acres of land by Native Americans. The Indian Reorganization Act provided tribes with greater autonomy over their own affairs and allowed them to create tribal constitutions and elect their own governments. It also encouraged tribal self-sufficiency through increased access to credit and other forms of financial assistance from the federal government.The act was passed during a period when many Native Americans were facing poverty, unemployment, and poor health due to limited access to resources. It provided tribes with greater control over their lands and resources by allowing them to issue leases for oil drilling or mining operations on their property without having to obtain permission from state or federal governments first. Additionally, it created new loan programs for tribes so that they could purchase cattle or other livestock as well as equipment needed for farming operations or businesses. Lastly, it established additional educational opportunities including vocational training schools specifically designed for Native Americans. The passage of this act marked a shift away from previous policies that sought to assimilate Native American peoples into mainstream American society through assimilationist policies such as those put forth under the Dawes Act. Instead, it sought to empower and enable Native American communities while preserving their culture and traditions through increased autonomy over their own affairs. This act remains an important piece of legislation in terms of its impact on both modern day indigenous rights and economic development within tribal areas across the United States today.