Read these lines from the text: It had a brief existence of only sixteen months and was supplanted by the transcontinental telegraph. Yet it was of the greatest importance in binding the East and West together at a time when overland travel was slow and cumbersome, and when a great national crisis made the rapid communication of news between these sections an imperative necessity. Which of the following best summarizes the main message of this text?

The Pony Express was invaluable during the national crisis. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/english-iv-4-12-proof-or-satire-post-test/

Explain the division of Europe between East and West

When communism took over West Europe was free and eastern Europe was communist Europe More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/section-3-1/

each half of the Earth, divided either north and south or east and west

hemisphere More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/chapter-quiz-1/

Longitude is measured east and west from the ___________ ____________.

Prime Meridian More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/longititude-and-latitude-17415/

Theme for “Ballad of East and West”

A Colonel’s horse is stolen and retrieved by his son; men realize and respect the strength of the other More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/abeka-english-literature-test-10/

“The Ballad of East and West”

set in a battle between India and Great Britain, this tells of Kamal who steels the English Colonel’s horse More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/abeka-english-literature-12-test-10/

East And West test questions and answers | Get Access To East And West Flashcards and exam tests

Q: Who was the American expatriate who studied the literatures of many peoples in the East and West and was also the forefront of the modernist revolution in poetry?

Ezra Pound More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/hum2230-exam-3-kuang/

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Humanities. Chap 4: the Byzantine Emperor Leo III, Byzantine Art – Flashcards 40 terms

Gabriela Compton

40 terms

Preview

Humanities. Chap 4: the Byzantine Emperor Leo III, Byzantine Art – Flashcards

question

According to Chinese legend, Fu Xi's invention of a pictographic writing system was inspired by

answer

constellations and bird and animal footprints

question

Oracle bones were used to

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foretell the future

question

The writing inscribed on ancient oracle bones is easily understood today because

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ancient Chinese is closely related to modern Chinese

question

The Yi Jing (Book of Changes) provides a guide to

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interpreting the workings of the universe.

question

The yin-yang symbolizes the

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interpreting the workings of the universe

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The greatest artistic achievement of the Shang dynasty is generally considered to be

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bronze casting

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The Zhou government sent officials into the Chinese countryside to collect

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poetry

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Daoists advocate living in total simplicity to

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understand qi.

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Confucianism became extremely popular among Chinese leaders and the artists they patronized because of its emphasis on

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respect for age, authority, and morality.

question

Qin Shihuangdi ordered the building of the Great Wall of China to

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protect against invasion from nomadic invaders from the north

question

The Qin dynasty embraced legalism, because it

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advocated state power over the individual.

question

Han Emperor Wu supported the arts by

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establishing a large bureau to collect folk songs.

question

What distinctive feature of Han houses became a standard of East Asian construction?

answer

broad eaves of the roof

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The Aryans were responsible for bringing to India the

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Hindu religion.

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Of the three primary deities of Hinduism, Vishnu is believed to assume human form most often because of his

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great love for humankind.

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Prince Siddhartha Gautama left the palace to live in the wilderness for six years because he was

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troubled by the suffering of all human beings.

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In-Depth Study: The dome shape of The Great Stupa of Sanchi represents:

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(is not the Buddhist Path of Life)(Buddhism's three domes of heaven.)

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In-Depth Study: Pilgrims circle the Great Stupa of Sanchi's upper pathway, which symbolizes:

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enlightenment

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Why was the Silk Road so important in Southeast Asia's development?

answer

It spurred the cultural interchange between East and West, India and China.

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In an effort to try to maintain a strong, collective Jewish identity after the Diaspora, rabbis

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wrote down the Oral Torah.

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The word evangelist comes from a Greek word meaning

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"bearer of good."

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According to the evangelist Paul, sinners could earn redemption by

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showing their faith in Christ and his salvation

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Typology primarily helped Christians come to terms with their Jewish roots by

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demonstrating the Hebrew Scriptures to be prefigurations of Jesus's life.

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Early Christians developed symbols to identify themselves to each other because they

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feared persecution for their faith

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In Christian iconography, the evangelist John is symbolized by

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an eagle.

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The Roman emperor Constantine actively supported Christianity in Constantinople by

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openly favoring Christians as officials

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Early Christianity was syncretistic, incorporating into itself pagan traditions in order to

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convert pagans by presenting Christianity in their terms.

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The Christian practice of baptism, idea of sacrifice for the good of humanity, and Jesus's traditional birth date all derive from the pagan cult of

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the Persian Mithras

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Augustine of Hippo's Confessions is particularly noteworthy as a literary work, because it is the first

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Western autobiography.

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The Byzantine emperor Justinian began construction of Hagia Sophia in 532 CE to

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divert attention from domestic turmoil stirred up by warring gangs

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San Vitale is unique for its

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octagonal shape.

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Why did the Byzantine emperor Leo III inaugurate a program of iconoclasm?

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He argued that God, in the Ten Commandments, had prohibited images

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During this Second Golden Age, artists portrayed Christ as

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vulnerable and human.

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Why is Venice home to a vast amount of Byzantine art?

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Venetian mercenaries looted Constantinople's art during the Fourth Crusade.

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In-Depth study: All of the following statements about the Arch of Constantine are true EXCEPT:

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Constantine was determined that his Arch would be an example of imperial Christian humility in commerating the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.

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Gospel of Mark by Professor Dale Martin from the In-Depth Studies in Learning Module 4: Which work tells of the destruction of the temple?

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The Gospel of Luke

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Gospel of Mark by Professor Dale Martin from the In-Depth Studies in Learning Module 4: Who does not understand why Jesus as the Messiah must suffer?

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Peter

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Gospel of Mark by Professor Dale Martin from the In-Depth Studies in Learning Module : Who is the last person to know and recognize Jesus in the Gospel of Mark?

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The Centurian at the cross

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Gospel of Mark by Professor Dale Martin from the In-Depth Studies in Learning Module 4: Which work has a Messianic secret and lack of understanding theme throughout the text?

answer

Gospel of Mark

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Gospel of Mark by Professor Dale Martin from the In-Depth Studies in Learning Module 4: Eschatology

answer

A fancy theological word meaning the study of the end times.

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Art And Literature East And West

World History: Chapter 10 The Formation of Islamic Civilization, 622-1000 – Flashcards 43 terms

Robert Lollar

43 terms

Preview

World History: Chapter 10 The Formation of Islamic Civilization, 622-1000 – Flashcards

question

Around 800 C.E., the Abbasids and Tang shared all of the following characteristics except: A) ideological/religious foundations for political rule. B) the effective use of nomadic cavalry. C) rigid exclusion of foreign cultures. D) a single cultural language.

answer

C) rigid exclusion of foreign cultures.

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Islam can best be described as A) a desert religion focused on Muhammad as the son of God. B) None of these answers are correct. C) a polytheistic nature religion with little ethical content. D) an urban religion that first flourished in an agricultural oasis.

answer

D) an urban religion that first flourished in an agricultural oasis.

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jihad is considered by some to be one of the pillars of Islam; it is best defined as A) a holy pilgrimage. B) a just and holy war. C) a formal prayer. D) an act of judgment.

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B) a just and holy war.

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Religious experts who administered law and settled public and private disputes were known as A) imams. B) sufis. C) caliphs. D) ulama.

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D) ulama.

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The Kharijites A) were supporters of Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali. B) espoused a limited egalitarianism among the faithful. C) were the most radical idealists among Muslim factions. D) were willing to maintain members in the umma who had committed no more than three major sins.

answer

C) were the most radical idealists among Muslim factions.

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Which of the following is not a prophet recognized by the Qur'an as having come before Muhammad? A) Augustine B) Jesus C) Abraham D) Moses

answer

A) Augustine

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The traditional report or hadith became the chief source of A) legal and religious norms. B) geographic knowledge. C) security information on spies and disloyal commanders. D) population and taxation data.

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A) legal and religious norms.

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According to the Qur'an, women have the right to A) receive equal inheritance. B) wear a veil at all times. C) hold political office. D) own property.

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D) own property.

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The city to which Muhammad made the first hajj is A) Mecca. B) Jerusalem. C) Medina. D) Khadija.

answer

C) Medina.

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Astronomy and medicine were among the disciplines A) that were hampered by religious restrictions under Islamic rule. B) that advanced thanks in part to Greek and Sanskrit works that were translated into Arabic. C) that were suppressed under the Abbasids. D) in which most of the founding texts were originally written in Arabic.

answer

B) that advanced thanks in part to Greek and Sanskrit works that were translated into Arabic.

question

Amirs were A) court diplomats under the Umayyads. B) Buyid commanders who dominated the caliphate. C) tax collectors of the Abbasid government. D) regional governors during the seventh century.

answer

B) Buyid commanders who dominated the caliphate.

question

In intellectual and cultural life, the early Abbasid Dynasty was marked by A) the suppression of earlier, non-Muslim forms of knowledge. B) the preservation and expansion of Greek, Roman, and Indian knowledge. C) an emphasis on "practical" forms of science over liberal arts. D) the spread of Indian styles of art and literature.

answer

B) the preservation and expansion of Greek, Roman, and Indian knowledge.

question

Non-Arab converts to Islam A) were considered clients and had a protected place in the diwan. B) were often persecuted with changes in the caliphate. C) were given full legal and spiritual equality with Arab Muslims. D) None of these answers are correct.

answer

A) were considered clients and had a protected place in the diwan.

question

Before Muhammad, Arabia was A) part of the Byzantine Empire. B) inhabited by settled farmers and merchants alongside nomadic herdsmen. C) already united under a monarch claiming divine ancestry. D) the most important agricultural region of the Persian Empire.

answer

B) inhabited by settled farmers and merchants alongside nomadic herdsmen.

question

Which of the following would have been least likely to be translated and discussed by Muslim scholars in the 8thand 9th centuries C.E.? A) Aristotle B) Euclid C) St. Augustine D) Galen

answer

C) St. Augustine

question

Which of the following was not a trait of the "high caliphate" that existed from approximately 700 to 850 C.E.? A) reliance on Syrian Arab forces B) a vibrant, cosmopolitan culture C) economic prosperity D) political centralization

answer

A) reliance on Syrian Arab forces

question

The hajj was a turning point in Muslim history because it A) transformed Islam into a political as well as religious movement. B) was the first of Allah's revelations to Muhammad. C) marked the start of succession struggle between Shiites and Sunni Muslims. D) was the first Muslim conquest outside of Arabia.

answer

A) transformed Islam into a political as well as religious movement.

question

The faith that had the least influence on Islam was A) Hinduism. B) Christianity. C) Zoroastrianism. D) Judaism.

answer

A) Hinduism.

question

The move of the Islamic capital to Baghdad under the "high caliphate" brought more political influence to which group? A) Persians B) Egyptians C) Mamluks D) Orthodox Greeks

answer

A) Persians

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The Muslim believes in all of the following except: A) bodily resurrection. B) monotheism. C) hellfire and paradise. D) baptism.

answer

D) baptism.

question

The early Spanish Islamic state (756-1030 C.E.) was controlled by the A) Abbasids. B) Shi'ites. C) Umayyads. D) Sunnis.

answer

C) Umayyads.

question

The Sunni position advocates all of the following except A) a person who professes to be a Muslim by supporting Muslim tenets cannot be excluded from the umma automatically by even a mortal sin. B) the umma is a state under the authority first of the precedent of the Prophet and Qu'ran and second by the consensus of Muslims. C) the umma is a theocratic entity. D) the caliph is the absolute temporal and spiritual leader.

answer

D) the caliph is the absolute temporal and spiritual leader.

question

Those scholars who acted as judges and guardians of Muslim conscience were known as A) Shari's. B) ulama. C) diwan. D) umma.

answer

B) ulama.

question

In Islam the term caliph means A) holy pilgrim. B) servant of Allah. C) none of the answers are correct. D) successor of Muhammad.

answer

D) successor of Muhammad.

question

Which of the following did not contribute to the permanence of Islamic conquests? A) the development of new administrative systems B) relatively little bloodshed C) the adjustment of unequal taxation D) the appointment of capable governors

answer

A) the development of new administrative systems

question

In Islam the umma is best defined as A) sacred book. B) holy war. C) arrival in paradise. D) community of faithful.

answer

D) community of faithful.

question

All of the following are part of pillars of Islam except A) hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). B) chador (modest clothing). C) zakat (charity). D) salat (form of prayer or worship).

answer

B) chador (modest clothing).

question

An important difference between Islam and Christianity is that A) Islam is exclusive while Christianity is inclusive. B) Christians and Muslims have distinctly different religious traditions. C) Christianity has a stricter moral code. D) Islam is inclusive while Christianity is exclusive.

answer

D) Islam is inclusive while Christianity is exclusive.

question

The rebellion that brought the Abbasid Dynasty to power in the eighth century was inspired by A) Shi'ite religio-political hopes. B) non-Arab disaffection. C) All of these answers are correct. D) Khorasanian regionalism.

answer

C) All of these answers are correct.

question

In general, Muslims in the Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties A) had no knowledge of Greek and Roman philosophy. B) borrowed many philosophical ideas from India but not Greece. C) preserved and expanded Greco-Roman philosophy and science. D) rejected philosophy as incompatible with Islam.

answer

C) preserved and expanded Greco-Roman philosophy and science.

question

The Abbasid government had contact with which Chinese Dynasty? A) Yuan B) Qin C) Han D) Tang

answer

D) Tang

question

By 750 C.E., Islam had spread A) to the Middle East, north Africa, and Spain. B) to the Far East, north Africa, and Spain. C) to the Middle East, east Africa, and Italy. D) to the Near East, north Africa, and Italy.

answer

A) to the Middle East, north Africa, and Spain.

question

The mahdi is best defined as the A) "judgment day" when the faithful would be rewarded. B) religious leadership of the Islamic state. C) Shi'ite vision of the true umma. D) "guided one" who would usher in a messianic age.

answer

D) "guided one" who would usher in a messianic age.

question

The Mamluks were A) slave soldiers primarily of Turkish origin. B) administrative officials of the "high caliphate." C) provincial bureaucrats who broke away from the caliphs. D) religious teachers.

answer

A) slave soldiers primarily of Turkish origin.

question

Which of the following did not contribute to the fragmentation of the Muslim world after 800 C.E.? A) the collapse of trade and commerce in the empire B) weak and incompetent caliphs C) civil wars and invasions D) the enormous size and diversity of regions in the empire

answer

A) the collapse of trade and commerce in the empire

question

The Muslim rulers who made the office of caliph hereditary and moved the capital from Mecca to Damascus were the A) Seleucids. B) Sufis. C) Abbasids. D) Umayyads.

answer

D) Umayyads.

question

The Qur'an states that Abraham was A) Christian. B) Jewish. C) pagan. D) Muslim.

answer

D) Muslim.

question

What is the main message of the Qur'an? A) Social justice and obedient worship are demanded of every human. B) Reject idolatrous worship of false gods. C) Submit oneself completely to God's will. D) All of these answers are correct.

answer

D) All of these answers are correct.

question

In general, the Sunni branch of Islam has A) never been a single sect in Islam. B) All of these answers are correct. C) taken the most inclusive approach to defining membership in the Muslim community of faith. D) normally been among the more aggressive Islamic sects in supporting jihad.

answer

C) taken the most inclusive approach to defining membership in the Muslim community of faith.

question

The major splits that occurred in Islam in the century after Muhammad's death revolved around the issue(s) of A) whether Muhammad was the last prophet or others would come in the future. B) whether Christians and Jews should be allowed to practice their religions or be forced to convert. C) what was the nature of the community of faith and who should lead it . D) whether Mecca or Medina was the holiest city in Islam.

answer

C) what was the nature of the community of faith and who should lead it .

question

The center and capital of the Abbasid Empire in 900 C.E. was A) Constantinople. B) Alexandria. C) Mecca. D) Baghdad.

answer

D) Baghdad.

question

Before 600 C.E., the Arab people were united primarily by A) All of these answers are correct. B) a shared language and poetic idiom. C) adherence to the same polytheistic faith. D) membership in the same centralized empire.

answer

B) a shared language and poetic idiom.

question

The two primary competing dynasties during the seventh and eighth centuries were the A) Mu'awiya and the Umayyad. B) Abbasid and the Umayyad. C) Mu'awiya and the Abbasid. D) ulama and the Umayyad.

answer

B) Abbasid and the Umayyad.

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East And West Modes Speed Of Light The House

HUM2230 Exam 3 Kuang – Flashcards 90 terms

Clarence Louder

90 terms

Preview

HUM2230 Exam 3 Kuang – Flashcards

question

Who determined that light waves behave as "quanta," breaking up into discrete and separate bundles of energy?

answer

Max Planck

question

Michelson and Morley determined that what is a universal constant and might be the only that never changes?

answer

the speed of light

question

Imagists were a group of poets who were in the search for what?

answer

more concentrated style of expression

question

Who was the American expatriate who studied the literatures of many peoples in the East and West and was also the forefront of the modernist revolution in poetry?

answer

Ezra Pound

question

The plain-speech American poet who penned "The Road Not Taken" is who?

answer

Robert Frost

question

What sought to arrive at a more concentrated emotional experience through visual art and is one of the central tenets of modernism?

answer

abstraction

question

Picasso's bold, new style of painting was shaped by two forces: the arts of Africa, Iberia, and Oceana; and the paintings of which painter?

answer

Cezanne

question

Picasso's new "language" of painting was called?

answer

cubism

question

The Futurists were enthralled by what?

answer

speed and dynamism of automobiles,trains, places; new forms of technology

question

Matisse led the group of painters who made what element the principal feature of their canvas in this era?

answer

color

question

Nonobjective art is an artistic movement pioneered by whom?

answer

kadinsky, malevich, mondrian

question

Prairie School architecture and a clear influence from Japanese structure were the signatures Of which architect?

answer

wright

question

Who was the principle founder Of the Bauhaus?

answer

Gropius

question

Insisting that the house "is a machine for living," who championed form Over function and employed devices such as roof gardens, partitions, and large faqades Of glass?

answer

Le Corbusier

question

Igor Stravinsky shocked musical audiences with his famous composition for ballet called?

answer

Rite of spring

question

Of all his discoveries, Freud considered his research on what his most important?

answer

Dreams

question

Most psychic disorders, according to Freud, were the result Of what?

answer

Sexual Trauma as a chid

question

What are the members of the three—part psyche as identified by Freud?

answer

The id, ego, and superego

question

The positive modification and redirection Of primal urges is termed?

answer

sublimation

question

Jung's idea of a shared layer of human psyche, a layer all humans are tied to, is called?

answer

the collective unconscious

question

Primal patterns frorn the realm of the shared layer of human psyche such as myths, dreams, and fairy tales are called?

answer

Archetype

question

Which Irish expatriates popularized the literary interior monologue and stream-of-consciousness writing?

answer

James Joyce

question

Which author was a virtual shut-in who, from his cork-lined room in France, pursued a life of introspection and literary achievement?

answer

Proust

question

Edvard Munch's "The Scream" exemplifies which of the following schools of painting?

answer

Expressionism

question

What movement, founded in Switzerland, consisted of a loosely knit group of European painters and poets who, perceiving WWI as evidence of a world gone mad, dedicated themselves to spreading the gospel of irrationality?

answer

Dada

question

What movement was one of modernism's most distinctive movements that was devoted to giving physical expression to the workings of the unconscious mind?

answer

Surrealism

question

The Freudian impact on music was most evident in the second decade of the century in what media?

answer

Musical Drama and Theater

question

A full eighty percent of the casualties of WWI were from which technological development?

answer

Automatic Machine Gun

question

The underlying cause of both world wars was?

answer

Militarism

question

Which WWI poet produced The Waste Land, which became the single most influential poem in early modern literature?

answer

T.S. Elliot

question

Which writers immortalized the WWI Allied offensive in Italy in A Fare—Well to Arms?

answer

Hemingway

question

Wounded in combat several times, which writers brought first-hand experience of World War I to his book "All Quiet on the Western Front"?

answer

Remarque

question

In his biting cartoons, which artist mocked the German military and its corrupt and mindless bureaucracy in sketchy, brittle compositions filled with pungent caricatures?

answer

Grosz

question

Who was the French artist who, after four years at the front, adopted a "mechanical" aesthetic, visible in his Painting Three Women. Robust and robotic, the near identical nudes (and their cat) share a common, austere geometry?

answer

Ledger

question

Which artists portrayed gas-masked machine-like monsters in his collage, Two Ambitious Figures, by combining the images of equipment in a scientist's laboratory?

answer

Earnest

question

According to which post-Soviet leader, in the first phase of communist society (generally called socialism), private property would be converted into property held in common, and the means of production and distribution would belong to the whole of society?

answer

Lennon

question

John Steinbeck's classic Depression era novel of migrant farmers en route to California is called?

answer

The Grapes of Wrath

question

This famous Depression—era photographer whose images of the downtrodden, such as Migrant Mother, remain icons of this period of history named?

answer

Dorothea Lange

question

The first hot of the cold war era was fought in which country?

answer

Korea

question

Who is the leading philosopher of the twentieth century, made significant contributions as a playwright, novelist, journalist, and literary critic?

answer

Sartre

question

Who anticipated a society in which the behavior of human beings might be scientifically engineered for the benefit of both the individual and the community?

answer

Skinner

question

Faulkner, Percy, Cheever, Bellow, and Kerouac were all writers who wrote from what perspectives?

answer

Existential perspective

question

In what medium did characters undergo little or no change, dialogue contradicts actions and events follow no logical order.

answer

Absurdist plays

question

Who created a logo for despiritualized Modernism?

answer

Dekooning

question

What was the first important style of painting originating in the United States rather than Europe?

answer

Abstract Expresssionism

question

Jackson Pollock's daring new method, which came to be called ______ allowed him to walk around (the canvas) work from the four sides and literally be in the painting.

answer

Action Painting

question

Who is famous for his sculptures of very elongated human figures?

answer

Gin

question

Among the most daring of the International Style proponents and the last director of the Bauhaus was the Dutch architect who?

answer

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

question

Who was the architectural champion of the geodesic dome?

answer

Fuller

question

The quest for an autonomous Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent resulted in the creation an independent _____ in 1947.

answer

Pakistan

question

The long and bitter history of the Mexican Revolution commemorated in the murals of _____ provides a vivid example of the repeated social upheaval experienced in Latin American countries in their attempts to cope with persistent problems of inequality, exploitation, and underdevelopment.

answer

Diego Rivera

question

One of the earliest revolts against colonial rule took place against the British Empire in what country?

answer

India

question

Who took the first Africans to America in 1619, and during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, thousands of slaves were imported to the American colonies, especially those in the South.

answer

The Dutch

question

Between 1920 and 1940, the quest for racial equality and a search for self-identity among African—Americans inspired the Renaissance, which is?

answer

The Harlem Renaissance

question

What was the stage name of a popular nineteenth—century minstrel performer, Thomas D. Rice, had come to describe anything pertaining to African-Americans, including matters of racial segregation?

answer

Daddy Rice

question

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jrs Letter from addressed Birmingham jail to a group Of?

answer

White Clergy

question

Who joined the Nation of Islam while in prison, later using Muslim morality and social structure to encourage racial separatism in the United States?

answer

Malcolm X

question

Apartheid was the system of strict racial segregation that prevailed legally in which country until 1994?

answer

South Africa

question

Ellison's novel Invisible Man is about what themes?

answer

The black estrangement from white culture

question

The first b ack woman to be honored with the Nobel Prize in literature is?

answer

Tony Morrison

question

What is probably the most important contribution made by African-Americans to world culture occurred in the birth and development of what unique form of modern music?

answer

Jazz

question

Ragtime is a form Of composition and performance featuring?

answer

Highly Syncopated rhythms and simple, appealing melodies.

question

WhiIe difficult to define, what may best be described as the practice of playing just off the beat—slightly ahead or behind?

answer

Swing

question

In 1992, AIDS activists assembled what artistic media in Washington, D.C., to protest governmental inaction with regard to the AIDS crisis?

answer

Panels in 16 foot squares

question

The decade of the Holocaust and the devastation of World War Il prompted the Postmodern shift from an Industrial Age (dominated by farming and manufacturing) to what age?

answer

The Information Age

question

The two key contributing factors to today s historical age as explained by the text are?

answer

Television and Computers

question

What was the name of the world's first online, nonprofit English—language encyclopedia launched in 2001?

answer

Wikipedia

question

As communications theorist Marshall famously observed ______ is the message.

answer

The Medium

question

String theory seeks to unite quantum physics with what theory?

answer

The theory of relativity

question

The proponents of what theory find that universal patterns underlie the seemingly random operations Of nature.

answer

Chaos Theory

question

What theory became the popular mode Of analysis in philosophy, linguistics, and literary criticism in the late twentieth century?

answer

Language Theory

question

What artists appropriate (or borrow) pre—existing texts and images from history, advertising, and the media.

answer

Postmodern Artists

question

Arthur C. Clarke, H. G. Wells, Jules Verne, and Isaac Asimov all write within what literary genre?

answer

Science Fiction

question

The quintessential style of the Information Age, embraced the imagery Of consumerism and celebrity culture as mediated by television, film, and magazines is called?

answer

Pop art

question

The oversized paintings of Lichtenstein is modeled on?

answer

Comic book cartoons

question

The operation of conflicting visual cues and the elemental effects of colors and shapes on the faculties Of the human retina is a style known as?

answer

Op Art

question

What kind of art is not overtly political nor even necessarily critical Of the status quo but seeks to transform society by awakening its visionary potential?

answer

Social Conscience art

question

What classic kind of total art, was pioneered by the American artist Allan Kaprow (1927—2006). Kaprow, who coined the name for this conceptual genre, called it a "performance that occurs in a given time and space."

answer

The Happening

question

In 1962, the Canadian communications theorist Marshall McLuhan predicted the electronic transformation of the planet earth into a What?

answer

Global Village

question

Edward Osborn Wilson's early work in evolutionary biology examined parallels between ants and other animal societies, including those of human beings; and more recently he has proposed a new type Of interdisciplinary research which he calls _______ that works to improve the human condition?

answer

Scientific Humanism

question

The Swiss Re building is called "the Gherkin" by Londoners and is famous for what reasons?

answer

It is environmentally sustainable

question

An ongoing counterpoint to Globalism is the recurring emphasis in the arts regarding what?

answer

Ethnicity

question

Define Identity politics.

answer

The exercise of power by means of group solidarity, has often pitted ethnic groups against each other in militant opposition.

question

What is probably the greatest single threat to the global community and is the deliberate and systematic use of violence against civilians in Order to achieve political, religious, Or ideological goals?

answer

Terrorism

question

It is widely believed that what will be the next great global power?

answer

The peoples republic of China

question

What is art in which the computer is employed as a primary tool, medium, or creative partner?

answer

Digital Art

question

What is perhaps the most intriguing computer driven form of interactive art is a technology that allows the user to interact with a computer—simulated environment?

answer

Virtual Reality

question

what is One Of the most notable experiments in contemporary intercultural music which involves the exchange Of Western musical traditions with those of the vast skein of trade routes that linked East Asia to Europe?

answer

The Silk Road Project

question

The vocal dimension of hip—hop music is which Of the following?

answer

Rap

question

Paul Taylor's 1999 chorographical spoof Of the Ku Klux Klan is named which of the following?

answer

Oh, You Kid

STUDY

East And West European Countries World Geography

GEOG 200 CHAP. # 01 – Flashcards 110 terms

Henry Lowe

110 terms

Preview

GEOG 200 CHAP. # 01 – Flashcards

question

1. Europe's relative location is ____: A) inefficient for international trade B) one of inferior global accessibility C) disadvantaged by its proximity to the sea D) one of centrality within the land hemisphere E) disadvantaged by its closeness to Africa

answer

D) one of centrality within the land hemisphere

question

2. The North European Lowland: A) contains the mountain ranges of the Alps B) is the most densely populated of Europe's landscape regions C) does not include England D) has historically functioned as a barrier to contact and communication E) contains the plains of Greece

answer

B) is the most densely populated of Europe's landscape regions

question

3. Regions that produce surpluses of goods needed elsewhere exhibit ______: A) complementarity B) Balkanization C) supranationalism D) irredentism E) local functional specialization

answer

A) complementarity

question

4. Which of the following is CORRECT regarding immigration trends in Europe? A) There are no immigrants in Europe. B) Immigrants in Europe come mostly from other countries in Europe. C) Immigration in Europe is offsetting population decline. D) Immigrants are well integrated into European societies. E) Most immigrants arriving in Europe are Christian.

answer

C) Immigration in Europe is offsetting population decline.

question

5. The Industrial Revolution in Europe: A) produced the first specialized industries anywhere in the realm B) triggered a large immigration of workers from other parts of the world to fill the available jobs in the factories C) initially was focused in Britain, where machinery was invented and the use of steam to power engines emerged D) gave enormous situational advantage to large cities such as London and Paris, both positioned on coal fields and near iron ores E) confirmed the superior quality of European products, which were already beating inferior textiles and other wares from India and China before the Industrial Revolution even began

answer

C) initially was focused in Britain, where machinery was invented and the use of steam to power engines emerged

question

6. Europe's political revolution: A) involved progress toward parliamentary representation and democracy B) ended with the division of the German state in 1945 C) was stimulated by the new weaponry produced by the Industrial Revolution D) originated as a reaction to the oppression of the Roman Empire E) was an anticolonial rebellion that threw off Moorish and Ottoman yokes

answer

A) involved progress toward parliamentary representation and democracy

question

7. Which of the following was once a clear example of a European nation-state? A) Yugoslavia B) Northern Ireland C) France D) Belgium E) Ukraine

answer

C) France

question

8. __________ forces divide a nation. A) situational B) centripetal C) centrifugal D) charismatic E) infrastructural

answer

C) centrifugal

question

9. Europe's unofficial lingua franca (common language) is: A) French B) English C) German D) Spanish E) Euro

answer

B) English

question

10. The three principles of spatial interaction are: A) complementarity, intervening opportunity, devolution B) complementarity, intervening opportunity, irredentism C) complementarity, intervening opportunity, transferability D) centripetal forces, intervening opportunity, devolution E) centrifugal forces, balkanization, devolution

answer

C) complementarity, intervening opportunity, transferability

question

11. Which country wishes to become part of the European Union and but has been unsuccessful despite long-term negotiating? A) Ukraine B) Russia C) Turkey D) Kosovo E) Switzerland

answer

C) Turkey

question

12. Which of the following is not an example of European supranationalism? A) Benelux B) the Euro currency C) the European Union D) the European Parliament E) the United Kingdom's position toward the European Monetary Union

answer

E) the United Kingdom's position toward the European Monetary Union

question

13. Which of the following countries was part of the group that initiated the European Union? A) Norway B) Poland C) Spain D) The Netherlands E) United Kingdom

answer

D) The Netherlands

question

14. The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy is known as: A) devolution B) irredentism C) complementarity D) supranationalism E) transferability

answer

A) devolution

question

15. Which of the following cities is not part of one of the Four Motors of Europe? A) Brussels B) Milan C) Stuttgart D) Barcelona E) Lyon

answer

A) Brussels

question

16. Which of the following groups have formed a rapidly growing minority presence in many European countries? A) Muslims B) Chinese C) Hispanics D) Russians E) Evangelical Christians

answer

A) Muslims

question

17. _______ dominates the Mainland Core demographically and economically. A) France B) Italy C) the United Kingdom D) Germany E) the United States

answer

D) Germany

question

18. Germany's Ruhr industrial complex is linked via the Rhine River to the port of: A) London B) Genoa C) St. Petersburg D) Rotterdam E) Rhinestad

answer

D) Rotterdam

question

19. Which country in the Discontinuous South was a charter member of the European Union? A) Spain B) Italy C) Greece D) Portugal E) Slovenia

answer

B) Italy

question

20. The major river in western Germany, which enters the North Sea through the Netherlands and which passes through the Ruhr is the ______: A) Rhône B) Danube C) Elbe D) Rhine E) Seine

answer

C) Elbe

question

21. German reunification __________________: A) occurred in 1990 B) has resulted in economic equalization between former East and West Germany C) has led to a country with 8 Autonomous Communities D) took place immediately after the end of World War II E) is still only partially completed

answer

A) occurred in 1990

question

22. The only European country with coastlines on the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and the North Sea is: A) The Netherlands B) Germany C) Belgium D) France E) Austria

answer

D) France

question

23. The Benelux consists of these countries. A. The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg B. Germany, France, Italy C. The Netherlands, Germany, Belgium D. The Netherlands, Belgium France E. Luxembourg, Germany, France

answer

A. The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg

question

24. Which of the following statements is true? A) Paris initially benefited from an excellent site. B) Paris initially benefited from an excellent situation. C) The site of Paris is far inferior to that of any other French city. D) Situation refers to the local physical attributes of a place. E) Both A and B are true

answer

E) Both A and B are true

question

25. The administrative headquarters of the European Union is located in: A) Geneva B) Paris C) Brussels D) Strasbourg E) Berlin

answer

C) Brussels

question

26. Which of the following cities is located in the Randstad conurbation? A) Berlin B) Amsterdam C) Copenhagen D) Vienna E) Brussels

answer

B) Amsterdam

question

27. Identify the country in Europe's Mainland Core that is not a member of the European Union. A) Austria B) Luxembourg C) the Netherlands D) Switzerland E) Belgium

answer

D) Switzerland

question

28. Significant oil and natural gas supplies have been found beneath the: A) Baltic Sea B) Irish Sea C) North Sea D) River Thames E) English Channel

answer

C) North Sea

question

29. The United Kingdom consists of: A) The British Isles B) England and Wales C) England and Ireland D) Wales, England, Scotland, and Northern Irland E) Northern Ireland and England

answer

...

question

30. The population of Northern Ireland: A) is overwhelmingly Catholic B) is made up of refugees from Wales C) is mostly Protestant D) is not part of the United Kingdom E) produced the Celtic Tiger phenomenon

answer

C) is mostly Protestant

question

***31. The Discontinuous North A) is comprised of the Scandinavian countries, Norway, Denmark, and Sweden B) has a largely inhospitable higher-latitude climate C) is entirely separated by water from the rest of Europe D) is the least developed region of Europe, due to its peripheral location E) has always been able to exploit abundant natural resources

answer

...

question

32. Which of the countries in the Discontinuous North has benefited the most from North Sea oil? A) Denmark B) Norway C) Iceland D) Finland E) Sweden

answer

B) Norway

question

33. The country located on the Jutland Peninsula and the smallest state (in area) in the Discontinuous North is: A) Sweden B) Norway C) Estonia D) Iceland E) Denmark

answer

E) Denmark

question

34. Which city in the Discontinuous North serves as a break of bulk, or entrepôt, city? A) Stockholm B) Copenhagen C) Oslo D) Reykjavik E) Helsinki

answer

B) Copenhagen

question

35. ___________ has more in common, ethnically and linguistically, with Finland than its other neighboring states, and is therefore included as part of The Discontinuous North . A) Estonia B) Latvia C) Lithuania D) Kaliningrad E) Sweden

answer

A) Estonia

question

36. The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by which mountain range? A) Appennines B) Alps C) Pyrenees D) Pennines E) Carpathians

answer

C) Pyrenees

question

37. Which country in the Discontinuous South confronts a significant devolutionary movement among its Basque population? A) Portugal B) Spain C) Cyprus D) Italy E) Greece

answer

B) Spain

question

38. Italy's economic core, no longer focused on Rome, is located today in: A) Sicily B) the Po River Valley C) the Naples-Venice conurbation D) the border zone centered on the Ancona Line E) the Mezzogiorno

answer

B) the Po River Valley

question

39. Which of the following cities is located in Italy's and Europe's core area? A) Milan B) Rome C) Barcelona D) Naples E) Geneva

answer

A) Milan

question

40. Northern and Southern Italy are divided by the: A) Alps B) Appennines C) Po River D) Ancona Line E) Strait of Gibraltar

answer

D) Ancona Line

question

41. The land body located directly across the Strait of Gibraltar from southernmost Spain is: A) the Iberian Peninsula B) Northern Africa C) Italy's 'boot' D) the Balkan Peninsula E) Scandinavia

answer

B) Northern Africa

question

42. The Autonomous Community located in northeastern Spain just south of the Pyrenees Mountains that is centered on industrialized Barcelona is known as: A) Portugal B) Andalusia C) Catalonia D) Gibraltar E) Basque Country

answer

C) Catalonia

question

43. Spain and the United Kingdom are in dispute over which piece of territory: A) Cyprus B) Kosovo C) Macedonia D) Malta E) Gibraltar

answer

E) Gibraltar

question

44. The capital and primate city of Greece is: A) Sparta B) Malta C) Athens D) Cyprus E) Cyclades

answer

C) Athens

question

45. The divided eastern Mediterranean island contested by both Greece and Turkey is: A) Cyprus B) Crete C) Malta D) Sicily E) Gibraltar

answer

A) Cyprus

question

46. The international community recognizes which government on Cyprus? A) Greek Cypriot B) Turkish Cypriot C) Islamic D) Maltese E) Ottoman

answer

A) Greek Cypriot

question

47. A sub region of the Discontinuous South is a zone of politico-geographical splintering and fracturing known as: A) an irredentist region B) a periphery C) a shatter belt D) Balkanization E)a transition zone

answer

C) a shatter belt

question

48. The term Balkanization refers to: A) a hybrid language spoken in Bulgaria and Romania B) the landmass located just to the west of the Adriatic Sea C) Serbian supranationalism D) the division and fragmentation of a sub region of the Discontinuous South of Europe E) the imposition of the Slavic religion

answer

D) the division and fragmentation of a sub region of the Discontinuous South of Europe

question

49. The Danube River empties into the: A) Adriatic Sea B) Mediterranean Sea C) Aegean Sea D) Black Sea E) North Sea

answer

D) Black Sea

question

50. Which of the following countries in the Eastern Periphery does not form part of the European Union? A) Bulgaria B) Hungary C) Ukraine D) Slovakia E) Romania

answer

C) Ukraine

question

51. The industrial heartland of Poland is located in: A) the Bohemian Basin B) the Warsaw area C) the Vistula Valley D) Silesia E) the Baltic coastal zone

answer

D) Silesia

question

52. The Russian exclave located between Lithuania and Poland is called: A) Kaliningrad B) Belarus C) Latvia D) Estonia E) the Baltic Corridor

answer

A) Kaliningrad

question

53. Which former Soviet Socialist Republic, with its capital at Mensk (Minsk), also called White Russia, is still strongly linked to Moscow? A) Belarus B) Lithuania C) Moldova D) Estonia E) Ukraine

answer

A) Belarus

question

54. Slovakia contains a large _______ minority. A) Czech B) Hungarian C) Serbian D) Slovenian E) Russian

answer

B) Hungarian

question

55. When a state seeks to acquire the neighboring territory that is home to ethnically similar people and territory on the other side of its international border by appealing to a concentrated group, this action is termed: A) colonization B) devolution C) interference D) irredentism E) Balkanization

answer

D) irredentism

question

56. The largest ethnic minority in Ukraine are the: A) Bulgarians B) Moldovans C) Crimeans D) Russians E) Polish

answer

D) Russians

question

57. Bulgarians during the Soviet period were loyal to Moscow because: A) the Russians are a fellow Serbian population B) the capital Sofia is close to the Russian border C) the Russians were responsible for driving the Turks from this area D) the Russians were responsible for freeing Bulgaria from the control of the EU E) both countries have coastlines on the Baltic Sea

answer

C) the Russians were responsible for driving the Turks from this area

question

58. Which of the following is not a state created by the breakup of former Yugoslavia? A) Bosnia B) Macedonia C) Croatia D) Slovakia E) Slovenia

answer

D) Slovakia

question

59. Which state contains Serb, Croat, and Muslim populations that were finally brought together in 1995 at a U.S.-run peace conference? A) Bosnia B) Macedonia C) Kosovo D) Montenegro E) Slovenia

answer

A) Bosnia

question

60. An unusual aspect of Albania is: A) its location on both the Black and Adriatic Seas B) its majority Eastern Orthodox population C) its unexpected recent admission to the EU D) its population growth rate, which is the slowest in all of Europe E) its dominantly Muslim population

answer

E) its dominantly Muslim population

question

61. Of the four landscape regions in Europe, the Central Uplands has been the realm's leading avenue for internal migrations and external invasions.

answer

question

62. The Treaty of Westphalia is key to modern Europe's state system.

answer

question

63. Most countries in Europe have significant population growth.

answer

question

64. The number of adherants to Christianity is growing in Europe.

answer

question

65. Although it pursued the acquisition of territory and precious metals, mercantilism was not concerned with actively spreading Christianity throughout the New World.

answer

question

66. Britain's Midlands, Germany's Ruhr, and Poland's Silesia all possessed major coal deposits that helped launch Industrial Revolutions.

answer

question

67. Transferability is a spatial interaction concept related to the costs of overcoming the distance between two places.

answer

question

68. The spatial interaction principle of complementarity refers to the ability to move a good at a bearable cost.

answer

question

69. The Law of the Primate City holds that a country's leading city is disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling.

answer

question

70. Modern supranationalism in Europe began with the creation of Benelux in 1944.

answer

question

71. The European Parliament meets in Strasbourg, France.

answer

question

72. Because of internal bickering, the European Union in 2009 contained fewer member-states than it did when founded in 1957.

answer

question

73. Each of the three Benelux countries is a member of the European Union.

answer

question

74. The United Kingdom, a charter member of the European Common Market, quit that organization in disagreement in 1973.

answer

question

75. The leading states of the region we have defined as the Mainland Core are France and Germany.

answer

question

76. The Ruhr is located in the Paris Basin.

answer

question

77. The city of Paris has great advantages of site, but major disadvantages in its situation.

answer

question

78. Although reunified since 1990, former East Germany still lags economically behind former West Germany.

answer

question

79. The Randstad conurbation connects the capital cities of Belgium and the Netherlands.

answer

question

80. To a considerable degree, Belgium and the Netherlands are in a position of economic complementarity.

answer

question

81. Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom. Scotland, and.

answer

question

82. Northern England, well endowed with major industrial areas, is the United Kingdom's most affluent subregion.

answer

question

83. The northeastern corner of Ireland historically was a haven for English and Scottish Protestants and remains under British control.

answer

question

84. The Republic of Ireland (Eire) is situated in the northern portion of that island, and is today once again ruled by the British government.

answer

question

85. Regionally, Iceland is a part of the Discontinuous North.

answer

question

86. Due largely to its peripheral location, the Discontinuous North remains largely underdeveloped.

answer

question

87. The three largest countries in the Discontinuous North all contain their major concentrations of population in the southern part of their national territory.

answer

question

88. Stockholm is Norway's capital city. .

answer

question

89. Denmark, because of its location south of the waterways that lead to the entrance of the Baltic Sea, is not considered part of the region of the Discontinuous North.

answer

question

90. An entrepôt, such as Copenhagen, is a place where goods are collected, stored, and transshipped.

answer

question

91. After its medieval period of prominence, the Po Plain has lost nearly all of its national importance within Italy.

answer

question

92. Although the Po Plain has great agricultural advantages, what marks this lowland today is the greatest development of manufacturing in Mediterranean Europe.

answer

question

93. Greece's vegetation has been seriously reduced by centuries of deforestation.

answer

question

94. There are no members of the European Union in the Eastern Periphery.

answer

question

95. The balkanization of a region implies its political unification.

answer

question

*****96. Bratislava is to Slovakia as Sofia is to Bulgaria.

answer

...

question

97. Slovenia seceded from Yugoslavia in the early 1990s.

answer

question

98. Albania was part of former Yugoslavia.

answer

question

99. Kosovo is a country fully recognized by all other countries.

answer

question

100. Bulgaria, which did not appear on the map until 1878, joined the EU in 2007.

answer

question

101. The Alps are mostly found in Austria and _______.

answer

Switzerland

question

102. A country's leading urban center, disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national feelings, is known as its __________city.

answer

primate

question

103. The northernmost territorial component of the United Kingdom, which is today prone to devolution, is Scottland, whales?__________.

answer

Scottland, whales

question

104. An international cooperative venture involving the voluntary participation of three or more countries in an economic or political association is known as __________.

answer

supernational

question

105. _______is the general term for a large, megalopolis-like urban complex that is formed by the coalescence of two or more metropolitan areas.

answer

conurbation

question

106. The country in the Discontinuous North that is not located on the European mainland is _________.

answer

Iceland

question

107. Even more than the United Kingdom, th European country that has benefited most from the North Sea oil boom is__________.

answer

Norway

question

108. The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by a high range called the __________ Mountains.

answer

pyrenees

question

109. Italy's economic core area, no longer focused on Rome, is now centered on the city of __________.

answer

lombardy

question

****110. Kaliningrad is Russia's ______ in Europe.

answer

...

STUDY

Coal And Steel Cold War East And West East And West Germany European Countries History of Europe Western Europe

GSC 110 – Flashcard 62 terms

Sarah Taylor

62 terms

Preview

GSC 110 – Flashcard

question

Which of the following factors does NOT explain the environmental diversity of Europe?

answer

El Niño

question

Which part of Europe is the region's unquestionable focus of intensive agriculture, large cities, and major industrial activities?

answer

The European Lowland

question

How does the environment of Eastern Europe compare to that of Western Europe?

answer

The environment in Eastern Europe was much more polluted than that of Western Europe, until recent efforts to rectify the situation, with the help of the European Union.

question

What are the current impacts of climate change in Europe?

answer

- Sea ice is dwindling. - There is sparse snow cover in arctic Scandinavia - There are frequent droughts in the water-starved Mediterranean region.

question

Probably the most striking characteristic of Europe's demography is

answer

The lack of natural growth

question

"One of narrow, winding streets, crowded with three- or four-story masonry buildings with little setback from the street." This describes which of the following?

answer

The medieval landscape

question

One of the major characteristics of Europe's population and settlement patterns is its high level of

answer

Urbanization

question

Which European Romance language contains many Slavic words?

answer

Romanian

question

Besides the division between western and eastern churches, the other great split within Christianity occurred between

answer

Catholicism and Protestantism.

question

What is the word for a state policy of reclaiming lost lands or lands inhabited by people of the same ethnicity in another state?

answer

Irredentism

question

From 1945 until 1990, Europe was divided into two geopolitical and economic blocs, east and west, separated by the infamous

answer

Iron Curtain

question

The term ________ is used to describe the geopolitical processes of small scale independence movements based upon ethnic fault lines.

answer

Balkanization

question

What is the word for an array of nonaligned or friendly states that cushion or protect a larger country from invasion, as happened with the former Soviet Union and its Eastern European neighbors?

answer

Buffer zone

question

Economic cooperation in Western Europe at the end of World War I centered on what commodity (commodities)?

answer

Coal and steel

question

Which of the following languages is NOT Germanic?

answer

Basque

question

The long history of human settlement has transformed and modified Europe's natural landscapes in fundamental ways over thousands of years.

answer

True

question

Because most European governments consider low or no population growth an economic and social liability, programs and policies have arisen to promote population growth, ranging from attempts to ban abortion and the sale of contraceptives to what are commonly called "family-friendly" policies.

answer

True

question

The Schengen Agreement paved the way for the reunification of East and West Germany.

answer

False

question

The collapse of the Soviet Union played a key role in the recent surge of immigration to European countries

answer

True

question

Despite the visibility of female political leaders and the fact that Europe is considered one of the most developed regions of the world, gender equity issues persist in government, business, and domestic life.

answer

True

question

Historically, Europe spread its cultures worldwide through aggressive colonialization.

answer

True

question

As the acknowledged birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, Europe in many ways invented the modern economic system of industrial capitalism

answer

True

question

Western Europe has historically been less developed economically than its eastern counterpart.

answer

False

question

Two fundamental innovations associated with industrial revolution is machinery and inanimate energy resources.

answer

True

question

Europe does not have strong ties to surrounding seas.

answer

False

question

What is the greatest potential environmental threat to Oceania?

answer

Climate change

question

Why have countries of Oceania been major supporters of the conventions to limit the production of greenhouse gases?

answer

Greenhouse gas emissions are directly related to global temperature increase and as sea levels rise, many of the Pacific islands will be drowned if global temperatures continue to increase

question

Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?

answer

Off the northeastern coast of Australia

question

Which of the following environmental problems is NOT a major issue in Australia/Oceania?

answer

Wide-scale burning of forests after they have been cleared is creating smoke pollution

question

What is the "Outback"?

answer

Australia's huge, dry interior

question

What land form dominates much of New Zealand?

answer

Volcanic mountains

question

What landform and/or vegetation pattern dominates in Australia?

answer

Deserts

question

Which part of the Australia/Oceania region receives the least amount of precipitation?

answer

The interior of Australia

question

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the climates of New Zealand?

answer

Rivers

question

What part of Australia/Oceania is most susceptible to tsunami hazards?

answer

Papua New Guinea

question

An atoll typically has all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT

answer

A high central peak

question

What event sets off the process that creates an atoll?

answer

Volcanic eruption

question

The Hawaiian Islands were formed by

answer

An active hot spot beneath the moving Pacific Plate

question

Which country of the region of Australia and Oceania signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2007, leaving the U.S. as the only industrialized country that has not signed the agreement

answer

Australia

question

What caused the dramatic decline in Guam's native bird species?

answer

The accidental introduction of the non-native brown tree snake

question

New Zealand is the largest country (in terms of land area) in the region encompassing Australia and Oceania

answer

False

question

Deserts dominate in Australia

answer

True

question

Volcanic mountains dominate much of New Zealand

answer

True

question

High islands are present throughout much of Oceania

answer

True

question

High islands receive less rainfall and often experience water shortage

answer

False

question

Papua New Guinea is very susceptible to tsunami hazards

answer

True

question

Australia and Oceania are defined by shared elements of indigenous and colonial history

answer

True

question

Desertification is not one of the environmental issues in Australia

answer

False

question

Global warming impacts only will be noticed in low-lying islands

answer

False

question

New Zealand consists of two islands

answer

True

question

Kyoto Protocol

answer

European Union established collective goals of emission reductions while still promoting growth and industrial development

question

What is the Schengen Agreement?

answer

This is an agreement that was established in 1985 to permit the free movement of people and goods within Europe. Members to the agreement do not have to be members of the European Union; nor do members of the EU have to be members of the Schengen Agreement.

question

Name the three stages of historical urban development still commonly found in European urban landscapes.

answer

Medieval - 900 to 1500 renaissance/baroque - 1500 to 1800 industrial - 1800 to modern

question

What factors must be considered in describing eastern Europe's postwar economic geography?

answer

A key factor to be considered is the fact that most eastern European states have to undergo a transition from a socialist-based economy to a capitalist-based economy. Other key factors include the possibly membership to the European Union and/or the European Monetary Union.

question

Balkanization

answer

describe geopolitical processes of small-scale independence movements based on ethnic fault lines—term originated because of events in the Balkans.

question

buffer zone

answer

consisted of extensive bloc of satellite countries, along borders between 'east' and 'west', military forces stood guard. bordering countries 'cushioned' something else from invasions.

question

List the pro-growth policies in Europe aimed at increasing the natural growth rate?

answer

- Full-pay maternity and paternity leaves - Extensive child-care facilities; - Cash subsidies - Free or low-cost public education and job training

question

How are atolls and barrier reefs formed?

answer

Barrier reefs are formed through the growth of coral in shallow areas surrounding islands. Atolls are formed as an extinct volcano erodes, coral reefs expand, and sand spits are established surrounding a central lagoon.

question

What are Australia and Oceania environmental issues?

answer

Desertification in Australia. Introduction of the brown tree snake Many islands are vulnerable to see level rise Tropical forest deforestation in the Islands

question

Breifly explain Oceania environment?

answer

Much of Melanesia and Polynesia is part of the seismically active Pacific Basin, thus volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis are common to these islands. Most of the islands originated from volcanic activity on ocean floor—larger active and recently active volcanoes form high islands. Many high islands are ringed by coral reefs that grow in shallow waters near shore. Many Pacific islands receive abundant precipitation and the high islands are noted for heavy rainfall and dense tropical forests. Low-lying atolls usually receive less rainfall and often experience water shortages.

question

Briefly describe the current pattern of regional differences in the economic and social geography of Europe

answer

There are remarkable regional differences in the social and economic levels of European countries. Historically, western countries have exhibited higher levels of economic growth and development, and more equitable levels of social indicators as compared to eastern European countries; southern European countries, likewise, have generally fared poorer than western European countries. In recent years, however, some western countries have endured economic hardships.

question

Briefly describe Australian and New Zealand Environments

answer

New Zealand consists of rolling foothills and rugged mountains Three major landform regions dominate Australia's physical geography: The Western Plateau The Interior Lowland Basins, The forested and mountainous East Coast. Off the eastern coast lay the Great Barrier Reef. New Zealand is volcanic in origin and consists of two main islands: The North Island, The South Island. Pacific Ring of Fire

STUDY

AP United States History East And West Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Western Roman Empire World History

World History Sem 1 Final – Flashcards 235 terms

Jason Westley

235 terms

Preview

World History Sem 1 Final – Flashcards

question

Which of the following regions did not become part of the Byzantine Empire? (5 points)

answer

Britain

question

Which of the following was located in the Eastern Roman Empire? (5 points)

answer

Anatolia

question

In the above map, prefecture refers to a district of the Byzantine Empire. Which of the following did Justinian I reconquer? (5 points)

answer

Prefecture of Africa

question

Which of the following would be the longest distance to travel by sea? (5 points)

answer

Spain to Palestine

question

In which of the following cities would people have found the center of the Byzantine government in Italy? (5 points)

answer

Ravenna

question

Which of the following cities was known as the Byzantine Empire's economic and religious center? (5 points)

answer

Constantinople

question

In what ways is the Holy Land an important site for all three monotheistic faiths?

answer

The Holy Land is extremely important to all three of the monotheistic religions. For Jews, it is considered the promise land that God had long planned for them to reach. For Christians, it is the place where Jesus himself was resurrected for the world's sins. Lastly, for Muslims it is a recognized stopping point in the journey of Muhammad.

question

The three major monotheistic religions are sometimes described as branches of the same family tree. If this is true, how would you describe the trunk of the tree.

answer

The trunk of the tree would be Abraham, for he started the family line over 4,000 years ago in Canaan.

question

What is 1 similarity of the 3 religions?

answer

All three religions look to Abraham as the father of the earthly religion. They just choose to look at him differently. For example, Abraham had two sons, Isaac and Ishmael, Christians and Jews focus on Isaac and his family line (Moses and Jesus). While Muslims focus on Ishmael who is a descendant of Muhammed.

question

What is 1 difference between the three religions?

answer

One large difference is in the books these religions follow. Christians read and follow the bible, while Jews read the Torah, and Muslims read the Qur'an.

question

What types of internal differences and divisions exist within each religion?

answer

Within christianity, there are many different groups and divisions. For example, there are baptist christians, Catholic Christians, etc. Within Judaism, there are difference divisions as well, like orthodox Jews or reformist Jews. In Islam there are two different main groups, Sunni and Shi'a Islam. Their beliefs differ on who they believe should run the Islamic community.

question

What impact did the Frankish leader Charles Martel have on Christian Europe's relations with Muslim Spain in the eighth century? (5 points)

answer

He stopped the Muslim advance from Spain into France.

question

If you traveled to the Spanish city of Córdoba in the 10th century, which of the following would you not find? (5 points)

answer

A government free from Islamic influence

question

Which of the following statements best describes Islam's spread from the 7th century through the 17th century? (5 points)

answer

Military conquests by the Arab Empire and traders of Islamic faith were the primary means for spreading Islam to Africa, Europe, and Asia.

question

From this 16th-century illustration, we can see that which of the following played a large part in the Mughal Empire's rise to power? (5 points)

answer

It had the advantage of gunpowder.

question

What was the significance of the battle at Poitiers in France in 732 CE? (5 points)

answer

It showed that Europeans were unwilling to allow further Islamic expansion into Europe.

question

In what way was the Islamic expansion into India similar to the way Islam expanded in other areas? (5 points)

answer

Islamic expansion into India was facilitated by both Islamic merchants and conquerors.

question

"The city of Baghdad formed two vast semi-circles on the right and left banks of the Tigris, twelve miles in diameter. The numerous suburbs, covered with parks, gardens, villas and beautiful promenades, and plentifully supplied with rich bazaars, and finely built mosques and baths, stretched for a considerable distance on both sides of the river. In the days of its prosperity the population of Baghdad and its suburbs amounted to over two millions! ...The long wide estrades at the different gates of the city were used by the citizens for gossip and recreation or for watching the flow of travelers and country folk into the capital. The different nationalities in the capital had each a head officer to represent their interests with the government, and to whom the stranger could appeal for counsel or help." —William Stearns Davis, ed., Readings in Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, 2 Vols. (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1912-13), Vol. II: Rome and the West, pp. 365-367 Considering this excerpt written by the Arab geographer Yakut in the 13th century, what can we say about Islamic Baghdad at that time? (5 points)

answer

It tolerated a diverse population.

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"Andalus (the Iberian peninsula), which was conquered in the year 92 of the Hijra, continued for many years to be a dependency of the Eastern Khalifate, until it was snatched away from their hands by one of the surviving members of the family of Umeyyah (Umayyad), who, crossing over from Barbary, subdued the country, and formed therein an independent kingdom, which he transmitted to his posterity. During three centuries and a half, Andalus, governed by the princes of this dynasty, reached the utmost degree of power and prosperity, until civil war breaking out among its inhabitants, the Muslims, weakened by internal discord, became every where the prey of the artful Christians, and the territory of Islam was considerably reduced, so much so that at the present moment the worshippers of the crucified hold the greatest part of Andalus in their hands, and their country is divided into various powerful kingdoms, whose rulers assist each other whenever the Muslims attack their territories." —Ibn Said, Book of the Maghrib, in Ahmed ibm Mohammed al-Makkari, The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain, translated by Pascuual de Gayangos s, (London: Oriental Translation Fund, 1840), 1, 95-102 According to this source, why did Muslim al-Andalus fall? (5 points)

answer

It fell because the divisions within the empire made it vulnerable to attack.

question

How did religious leaders attempt to resolve the Iconoclast Controversy? (5 points)

answer

Religious councils were formed to try to settle the issue.

question

Which of the following correctly describes Prince Odoacer's role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire? (5 points)

answer

Prince Odoacer forced Augustulus to hand over his crown, and Germanic kingdoms claimed the land.

question

How did Constantinople's Church of Hagia Sophia demonstrate how the Byzantine Empire blended with the old Roman Empire? (5 points)

answer

The church combined both Greek and Roman architecture, and became a melting pot where Eastern and Western cultures came together.

question

When Constantine rebuilt Byzantium, it was called "New Rome" because Constantine (5 points)

answer

built it to resemble "Old Rome"

question

How did the political and religious ideas of the Byzantine Empire compare with the Western Empire? (5 points)

answer

The Byzantine emperor was considered to be the highest political and religious figure. In the Western Empire, the highest political and religious figures were two different people.

question

Which statement best describes what happened when Constantine tried to establish "New Rome"? (5 points)

answer

He was successful in building a new political center in the East, unified by the Christian religion.

question

Who was John of Damascus? (5 points)

answer

He was a writer/monk who strongly defended the use of icons.

question

Cyril and Methodius were missionaries to the Slavs who (5 points)

answer

translated the Bible into the new alphabet written for the Slavic language

question

What was an effect of the Iconoclastic Controversy? (5 points)

answer

The revolts against Byzantine rulers began, illustrating a severe break in relations between East and West.

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Which statement describes an impact of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire on Europe? (5 points)

answer

Former Roman lands were split up and claimed by Germanic kingdoms.

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"But when the corn-lands had no more grain and all the Romans (Byzantines) had come into an exceedingly evil plight, they surrounded Belisarius and tried to compel him to stake everything on a single battle with the enemy (Goths), promising that not one of the Romans (Byzantines) would be absent from the engagement." —History of the Wars, Book VI, Article III According to the passage, why did the Byzantines want Belisarius to stake everything in a single battle against the Goths? (5 points)

answer

To prevent starving to death

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement about Justinian I? (5 points)

answer

He supported the building of the Hagia Sophia.

question

Why did Justinian I fail to regain all of the former provinces of the old Roman Empire? (5 points)

answer

His army and finances were weakened by plague.

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Justinian Code? (5 points)

answer

It supported a woman's right to inherit property.

question

"A person who takes a thing belonging to another by force is liable to an action of theft, for who can be said to take the property of another more against his will than he who takes it by force?" —Justinian Code, Institutes, Book IV, Chapter 2 According to the law above, which of the following is a thief? (5 points)

answer

A person who takes another person's wallet by force

question

How did Justinian gain the throne? (5 points)

answer

His uncle made him co-emperor.

question

Which of the following were members of the aristocracy in Byzantine society? (5 points)

answer

Wealthy landowners

question

This mosaic shows a Byzantine emperor and his attendants. Examine the image and use the clues you find there to answer the question. Which of the following types of attendants are represented in this mosaic? (5 points)

answer

Soldiers

question

"Slaves are in the power of masters, a power derived from the law of nations: for among all nations it may be remarked that masters have the power of life and death over their slaves, and that everything acquired by the slave is acquired for the master. 2. But at the present day none of our subjects may use unrestrained violence towards their slaves, except for a reason recognized by law. For, by a constitutio of the Emperor Antoninus Pius, he who without any reason kills his own slave is to be punished equally with one who has killed the slave of another." —The Institutes, Book I, Chapter VIII According to the above law, which of the following statements is true? (5 points)

answer

Masters were allowed to kill their own slaves, if they had a reason for doing so.

question

The lines below express a belief recited by followers of Islam. "All praise is due to ALLAH alone, Lord of all the worlds. The Gracious, the Merciful. Master of the day of Judgment." In which of the following do these lines appear? (5 points)

answer

Qur'an

question

Which of the following best describes the hajj for Muslims? (5 points)

answer

A duty of Muslims to journey to the sacred city of Mecca

question

What do the three Abrahamic faiths—Christianity, Islam, and Judaism—have in common? (5 points)

answer

All believe in one god.

question

Which of the following is believed by Christians, but not by Muslims? (5 points)

answer

Jesus rose from the dead.

question

Which of the following was a cause for revolt against Islamic rule in conquered territories? (5 points)

answer

Higher taxes required of non-Muslims

question

What does the map reveal about the early expansion of Islam? (5 points)

answer

Expansion efforts originated in the city of Medina.

question

Which of the following was not a goal of the Crusades? (5 points)

answer

Modernizing the technology of Europe

question

What was the primary effect of cultural exchange between Europe and the Islamic world? (5 points)

answer

Muslim goods and knowledge led to some advancements in European society.

question

Which religious group has resisted Islamic influence and power in India? (5 points)

answer

Hindus

question

What is Al-Azhar? (5 points)

answer

An Islamic center of learning in Cairo, Egyp

question

What was the main purpose of the House of Wisdom, built by the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad? (5 points)

answer

Translating ancient great works of literature into the Arabic language

question

Which of the following best describes the architectural style of the Islamic Golden Age? (5 points)

answer

Ornate and patterned

question

What city did the Abbasid dynasty build in a strategic location to serve as the capital of the Islamic Empire? (5 points)

answer

Baghdad

question

Suppose an archeologist finds a 10th-century gold coin from the Abbasid Caliphate in a Viking grave in Norway, thousands of miles away. For what purpose is the coin most useful as a primary source? (5 points)

answer

Evidence about 10th-century trade networks

question

Which of the following is true of the Roman Empire at the end of the fourth century CE? (5 points)

answer

Christianity was the official religion, as established by Constantine the Great.

question

Use the image of Constantine the Great and the Roman sun god to answer the following question: Image of a gold coin showing Constantine with a Roman sun god. Public Domain What does this image suggest about Constantine? (5 points)

answer

He understood that he ruled an empire with many faiths.

question

Which of the following disagreements was the root cause of the Iconoclast Controversy of the eighth and ninth centuries? (5 points)

answer

Whether images of people should be part of church worship

question

Use the image of Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I holding up an icon and standing on Patriarch John VII of Constantinople to answer the following question: Image of Nikephoros I holding up an icon and standing on Patriarch John VII of Constantinople. Public Domain Based on the image, which of the following conclusions can be drawn about the Iconoclast Controversy? (5 points)

answer

The dispute about the use of icons caused conflict within the Eastern Church, as well as with the Western Church.

question

Which Byzantine leader restored the use of icons in 843 CE, after the death of Theophilus? (5 points)

answer

Theodora

question

Which statement describes a similarity between the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire? (5 points)

answer

Both empires shared like laws and traditions.

question

Which of the following statements about the idea of combining secular government with religious authority in both the Roman and Byzantine empires is true? (5 points)

answer

Constantine's efforts to rule in church affairs within the Byzantine Empire marked a change in the relationship between the church and government.

question

What great contribution did monks make during the Byzantine Empire? (5 points)

answer

Preservation of Greek and Roman works

question

What Byzantine city was a wealthy center of trade that maintained the commercial links between Europe and Asia? (5 points)

answer

Constantinople

question

Which of the following leaders attempted but failed to regain the provinces of the Western Roman Empire under the Byzantine Empire due to financial problems? (5 points)

answer

Justinian I

question

Which of the following was part of the Byzantine Empire in 565 A.D. (CE) and 1360 A.D. (CE)? (5 points)

answer

Constantinople

question

Which of the following cities did the Byzantine Empire not control during its height? (5 points)

answer

Babylon

question

In what way did the Christian Crusades contribute to the decline of the Byzantine Empire? (5 points)

answer

Latin Crusaders turned against the Byzantines, leading to the loss of much territory.

question

What event was the most significant in damaging the strength of the Byzantine Empire during the Crusades? (5 points)

answer

Alexius failed to deal with the Venetians and other Crusaders after he enlisted their help.

question

What group conquered Constantinople in 1453 CE, ending Byzantine rule? (5 points)

answer

Ottoman Turks

question

All of the following represent innovations in land use in the Middle Ages except (5 points)

answer

the ownership by individuals of small farms

question

In medieval European society, was the king or the pope the most powerful figure? (5 points)

answer

Neither, because the power dynamic shifted between the church and the kings

question

Why did earlier historians consider the Medieval Period the "Dark Ages"? (5 points)

answer

A limited amount of written records survived to shine light on this time period.

question

Which of the following individuals would likely have had the most education in the medieval society? (5 points)

answer

A nun

question

Which best describes the relationship between the Church and feudal states? (5 points)

answer

The Church and the states constantly struggled for supreme power.

question

How might a second-born son hope to achieve success under the system of primogeniture? (5 points)

answer

He could seek training to become a knight in the military.

question

Scholasticism provides an example of which of the following? (5 points)

answer

The blending of Greek and Roman philosophies with Christian ideas

question

During the High Middle Ages, monasteries were considered religious centers, as well as (5 points)

answer

learning centers

question

Charlemagne first came to power using which of the following tactics? (5 points)

answer

He allied with the Lombards to overtake his brother.

question

Use the excerpt to answer the following question: "The precepts of the law are these: to live honestly, to injure no one, and to give every man his due. The study of law consists of two branches, law public and law private. The former relates to the welfare of the Roman State; the latter to the advantage of the individual citizen. Of private law then we may say that it is of threefold origin, being collected from the precepts of nature, from those of the law of nations, or from those of the civil law of Rome." Source: From The Institutes of Justinian, B. Moyle, trans.3rd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1896), pp. 3-5. This excerpt from the Justinian Code shows how the Byzantine Empire (5 points)

answer

preserved Greco-Roman culture

question

Which of the following was not a primary concern of Charlemagne? (5 points)

answer

Conquering the Norse-held lands of Sweden and Denmark

question

Christian monks taught laypeople the art of stained glass, which served which of the following functions in medieval Europe? (5 points)

answer

Taught religious scripture to illiterate peasants through images

question

The use of local languages in medieval literature was most revolutionary because (5 points)

answer

it reached a wider audience of people

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of illuminated manuscripts? (5 points)

answer

They featured decorated borders and artwork that often overshadowed the text.

question

Which of the following groups would be most likely to create a song out of Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales? (5 points)

answer

Troubadours

question

Which of the following statements about Dante Alighieri is true? (5 points)

answer

The modern Italian language was strongly influenced by his writings.

question

Beowulf and The Divine Comedy are similar in that both works (5 points)

answer

influenced the development of the language in which they were written

question

Use the image below to answer the following question: This is a photograph of the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France. It has multiple tall and pointed arches throughout the front facing towers. One circular stained glass window is visible above the main entrance, while a similar but larger circular window is directly above the smaller one. Notre Dame Cathedral - Paris © 2012 Christopher Kramer Creative Commons, Attribution 2.0 Generic license This cathedral is built in the style known as (5 points)

answer

Gothic

question

Which of the following is an example of a medieval guild? (5 points)

answer

Vassals who united to pay taxes to their feudal lords with money, as well as crops and goods from their estates

question

Which answer correctly compares the first medieval merchants to merchants of the High Middle Ages? (5 points)

answer

The first medieval merchants were peddlers who held little status or wealth, while merchants during the High Middle Ages formed guilds and often served in government council positions in their towns.

question

Which of the following describes trade in the Late Middle Ages? (5 points)

answer

Far-reaching

question

Why did a money economy begin to replace the barter economy in the High Middle Ages? (5 points)

answer

As trade expanded to cover greater distances, a unit of exchange became more important.

question

During the Middle Ages, merchants, artisans, and their guilds contributed to the (5 points)

answer

creation of the middle class

question

Why did craft guilds form in the Middle Ages? (5 points)

answer

To provide structure and support for artisans who shared a trade

question

The guilds, banks, and money systems, which began in Medieval Europe, (5 points)

answer

were the start of modern market economies and trade unions

question

A key role of moneychangers was to help (5 points)

answer

merchants from different places exchange one type of coin for another

question

The Magna Carta played a key role in the development of the system of checks and balances we use today. What purpose does this system serve? (5 points)

answer

It keeps one person or group in government from having too much power.

question

Establishment of the first English Parliament gave the people (5 points)

answer

a voice in political decisions

question

What role did the invasion of William the Conqueror play in the development of a national identity for England? (5 points)

answer

William the Conqueror took control of most of England's lands and, eventually, a set of common laws was established for all Englishmen.

question

Which of the following was a major step in reunifying the kingdoms in Spain? (5 points)

answer

The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella

question

What political practice that is still in effect today has roots in the Magna Carta? (5 points)

answer

The leader of the country should consult with others before making important decisions for the people.

question

How did the Magna Carta affect the development of a national identity in England? (5 points)

answer

It resulted in the establishment of the legislative body known as the English Parliament.

question

Which basic principle that we use today was established by the Magna Carta? (5 points)

answer

People accused of a crime have the right to be judged by a jury of peers before receiving punishment.

question

How did Alfred the Great contribute to the development of a national identity in England? (5 points)

answer

He defeated the Danes and drove them out of England.

question

What is one way Feudal Europe was different than Feudal Japan? (5 points)

answer

Different estates sent warriors to fight religious wars in Europe.

question

Bushi who served a lord eventually came to be called (5 points)

answer

samurai

question

The samurai in Feudal Japan were similar to what social class in Feudal Europe? (5 points)

answer

Knights

question

What influenced the Japanese belief that merchants did not contribute much to society? (5 points)

answer

Confucianism

question

Feudal estates sent knights to the Holy Land in the Crusades for religious reasons. What fueled warfare in Feudal Japan? (5 points)

answer

Power and wealth

question

What is one common cause of the development of feudalism in both Europe and Japan? (5 points)

answer

A weak central government

question

The shogun and daimyo in Feudal Japan were similar to what social class in Feudal Europe? (5 points)

answer

Lords

question

How did tax exemptions for land reclamation programs affect the central government of Japan? (5 points)

answer

It was weakened and could not provide military protection.

question

What geographical feature accounts for why camel caravans were an important innovation in trade in West Africa? (5 points)

answer

Sahara Desert

question

What geographical feature contributed to why North Africa developed so differently from southern Africa? (5 points)

answer

Sahara Desert

question

In what way was the empire of Ghana different from the later empire of Mali? (5 points)

answer

Ghana was mostly animists, and Mali had a Muslim-following leadership.

question

Who was Sunni Ali? (5 points)

answer

He was a great leader of Songhai.

question

Which of the following contributed to the start of civil wars and Mali's decline? (5 points)

answer

Struggles over the line of succession

question

How did Mansa Musa elevate the standing of the Mali Empire in the world? (5 points)

answer

His lavish pilgrimage to Mecca made the empire of Mali and its wealth widely known.

question

What important natural resource in West Africa did the Songhai Empire control? (5 points)

answer

Salt mines in the Sahara Desert

question

Why was Timbuktu an important location in Mali's empire? (5 points)

answer

It was a center for learning.

question

Which event marks the final stage in the collapse of the Songhai Empire? (5 points)

answer

An invasion from Morocco

question

Who founded the Kingdom of Ghana? (5 points)

answer

The Soninke

question

The Nazca civilization was established in the valleys of the Andes on the coast of which South American country? (5 points)

answer

Peru

question

Which works of art by the Olmec civilization are considered its most recognizable artifacts? (5 points)

answer

Massive carved stone heads

question

Which statement about the culture of the ancient Olmec civilization is correct? (5 points)

answer

Their traditions and culture continue to survive today in modern Zapotec people.

question

How do we know the Olmecs were technologically advanced? (5 points)

answer

They used latex from trees to create rubber.

question

Which works demonstrate that the Chavín civilization was highly organized? (5 points)

answer

Complex drainage systems to keep structures from flooding

question

Which statement accurately describes the Zapotec city of Monte Albán? (5 points)

answer

It included pyramids, tombs, and a ball field.

question

What did glyphs left by the ancient Olmec civilization tell us about their religious practices? (5 points)

answer

They believed in many gods.

question

What was significant about the Olmec civilization? (5 points)

answer

The Olmec civilization had a great deal of influence on neighboring and later cultures.

question

Which of the following diseases likely killed Huayna Capac and many other Inca? (5 points)

answer

Smallpox

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Incas? (5 points)

answer

The Incas spoke Quechua and did not have a written language.

question

What factor allowed the Incas to use their military efficiently? (5 points)

answer

They developed an extensive system of paved stone roads.

question

Why did Pacal the Great make a connection between his mother and the divine First Mother of the Mayan religion? (5 points)

answer

To add legitimacy and stability to his reign

question

How were Aztec chinampas constructed? (5 points)

answer

Raised plots for crops were built from mud in the lake bed with canals between them.

question

How did Pacal the Great impact the importance of Palenque in Mayan civilization? (5 points)

answer

He conquered neighboring western Mayan states and expanded Palenque's power.

question

Why did Moctezuma reorganize the Aztec government? (5 points)

answer

To better handle disasters

question

A Spanish soldier describes Tenochtitlan: "The great city...has many broad streets, though among these are two or three pre-eminent. All travel by...canoes, as I have said, and without these they could neither leave their houses nor return to them." —Anonymous Spanish soldier Aztec Civilization by Lois Warburton, Lucent Books, 1995, page 60. Which of the following does this excerpt imply? (5 points)

answer

Tenochtitlan has water canals throughout the city.

question

In the matrilineal society of Ghana, who was supposed to become king when the old one died? (5 points)

answer

The son of the king's sister

question

How did Mansa Musa affect the Mali Empire? (5 points)

answer

He made a pilgrimage to Mecca that boosted trade.

question

What important natural resource did the Songhai Empire control? (5 points)

answer

Salt

question

What caused the downfall of Ghana? (5 points)

answer

Climate change and Berber battles

question

What did the city of Great Zimbabwe become known for? (5 points)

answer

Stone architecture

question

When Emperor Lalibela established the kingdom of Ethiopia around 1185 CE, what religion was widely practiced there? (5 points)

answer

Christianity

question

Based on the map, what can be said about the difference between trade from Songhai and trade from Mogadishu (on the eastern coast)? (5 points)

answer

Trade from Songhai was done by land, while trade in Mogadishu was done by boat.

question

Which of the following is true of the people of Great Zimbabwe? (5 points)

answer

They were skilled craftsman and builders.

question

What was the source of Axum's prosperity in the fourth century CE? (5 points)

answer

Its strategic location in the middle of African, Mediterranean, and Asian trade networks

question

What could a historian infer about the Maya from the codex pages? (5 points)

answer

Mayan writing was in the form of images.

question

Which of the following statements does the image above support? (5 points)

answer

The Nazca decorated their pottery with bold colors and a mix of figures.

question

In which modern South American country was the Moche civilization located? (5 points)

answer

Peru

question

Which fact provides clear evidence that the Maya were influenced by the Olmec? (5 points)

answer

Olmec-influenced artifacts have been found within Mayan ruins.

question

Some archaeologists debate the type of influence the Olmec had on later Mesoamerican cultures. They generally argue one of these ideas: 1) All later Mesoamerican cultures all derived from the Olmec. 2) The Olmec freely communicated ideas with other contemporary peoples. Which of the following possible scenarios, if true, supports the second argument? (5 points)

answer

The Olmecs developed the idea of the ball court and disseminated this idea to other later cultures like the Aztecs and Maya.

question

What happened as a result of the Zapotecs agreeing to be ruled by the Spanish? (5 points)

answer

The Zapotec king became Christian.

question

Which of the following resulted from the formation of the "Triple Alliance"? (5 points)

answer

The continued expansion and conquests of the Aztecs

question

What did the Aztec and Spanish calendars have in common? (5 points)

answer

They had days designated for religious observances.

question

Which of the following is true of the time measurement systems used by ancient Mesoamerican and South American cultures? (5 points)

answer

The Incas, Aztecs, and Mayans all had calendars.

question

What conclusion did historians draw about the Incas after the discovery of Machu Picchu? (5 points)

answer

The Incas were skilled engineers.

question

If a historian knew the dates of all the pyramids, what could he or she tell by comparing the 10 different styles? (5 points)

answer

Which cultures influenced each other

question

Who was at the top of the Inca social structure? (5 points)

answer

The emperor

question

What role did runners play in Inca society? (5 points)

answer

They carried messages between different parts of the empire.

question

What did conquered peoples have to do in Incan society? (5 points)

answer

They had to pay a labor tax by working for the government.

question

Consider the Mayan writing on this stone stele. How does this writing system differ from that of the Inca? (5 points)

answer

The Maya had picture writing, while the Inca used knotted cords.

question

In what way was the Mayan civilization different from the Aztec and Inca civilizations? (5 points)

answer

The Aztec and Inca had large, united empires, but the Maya did not.

question

What motivated Moctezuma I to reorganize the Aztec government? (5 points)

answer

The massive toll of the famine

question

Apart from military conquest, what features do the reigns of Pacal the Great, Huayna Capac, and Moctezuma I have in common? (5 points)

answer

Large-scale public works projects

question

During Pacal the Great's reign, he rebuilt much of Palenque, placing his name and likeness on most of the buildings. What might have motivated him to do this? (5 points)

answer

He felt the need to justify the legitimacy of his claim to the throne.

question

What might account for the fact that developed countries were more affected than developing countries during the H1N1 pandemic? (5 points)

answer

People in developed countries traveled more and exposed more people.

question

Use the following excerpt from Boccaccio's The Decameron to answer the following question: "In the year of our Lord 1348, there happened at Florence, the finest city in all Italy a most terrible plague; which, whether owing to the influence of the planets, or that it was sent from God as a just punishment for our sins, had broken out some years before in the Levant (Middle East) and, after passing from place to place, and making incredible havoc all the way, had now reached the west..." Public Domain How does Boccaccio let you know that he recognized that the plague spread widely from one location to another? (5 points)

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He states that it spread from the Middle East.

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How could the spread of AIDS in Africa affect the economies of that continent? (5 points)

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A drop in the number and productivity of workers

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What does this map indicate about the dispersion of H1N1 cases in 2009? (5 points)

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The developed countries were affected more than the developing countries.

question

Use the following excerpt from Boccaccio's The Decameron to answer the following question: "In the year of our Lord 1348, there happened at Florence, the finest city in all Italy a most terrible plague; which, whether owing to the influence of the planets, or that it was sent from God as a just punishment for our sins, had broken out some years before in the Levant (Middle East) and, after passing from place to place, and making incredible havoc all the way, had now reached the west..." Public Domain According to Boccaccio, what did some people believe to be the cause of the plague? (5 points)

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Sins

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Use the following excerpt from Boccaccio's The Decameron to answer the following question: "In the year of our Lord 1348, there happened at Florence, the finest city in all Italy a most terrible plague; which, whether owing to the influence of the planets, or that it was sent from God as a just punishment for our sins, had broken out some years before in the Levant (Middle East) and, after passing from place to place, and making incredible havoc all the way, had now reached the west... " Public Domain Based on the passage, how would Boccaccio likely feel about the actions of the flagellants, who warned Christians to repent? (5 points)

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He would find their actions appropriate because he believed human sin may have caused the plague.

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Which of the following was not an effect of the Great Famine of 1315? (5 points)

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Southern European countries were more heavily affected than northern European countries.

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Considering the dangers associated with spreading a disease, why are people who are affected by communicable diseases told not to travel on airplanes? (5 points)

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The tight cabin space makes it easier for the disease to spread.

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How did Milan grow to be an important city-state in Italy? (5 points)

answer

It had a strong, aggressive military force that conquered many cities.

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How did Venice acquire the nearby cities of Verona and Padua? (5 points)

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It hired professional soldiers called mercenaries to conquer the lands.

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Rome's income was mostly provided by (5 points)

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religious pilgrims and church business

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What is an appropriate label for the yellow line in this map (5 points)

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Venetian Sea Trade Routes

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Which of these choices best describes Italy in the 15th century? (5 points)

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A collection of small kingdoms and city-states

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Who held the most power in the Italian city-states? (5 points)

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The wealthiest people

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How were 12th century Italian communes governed? (5 points)

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With a form of democratic government

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Unlike the monarchy in a feudal system, the wealthy and powerful citizens who controlled Italian city-states were more focused on (5 points)

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economic activity and development

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Which of the following represents one of Desiderius Erasmus's main contributions to the move toward the Protestant Reformation? (5 points)

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Exposing corruption in the Church

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Jan Hus is known for his criticism of (5 points)

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simony and the sale of indulgences

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Huldrych Zwingli's supporters, the Anabaptists, believed (5 points)

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adults, not children, should be baptized

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What was the Counter-Reformation? (5 points)

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A series of actions by the Catholic Church intended to spread and defend the Catholic faith

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How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation? (5 points)

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The pope called for a meeting of all church leaders.

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What were Martin Luther's 95 Theses? (5 points)

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Critical statements about the Church nailed to a church door

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Desiderius Erasmus worked to (5 points)

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establish a middle ground between Catholics and Protestants

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Which of the following represents a contrast between the ideas of Ulrich Zwingli and John Calvin? (5 points)

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Calvin believed in the creation of a Christian state, while Zwingli thought church and state should be separate.

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The creation of the Index of Forbidden Books by the Church was in part a result of which of the following? (5 points)

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A lack of trust in the ability of the faithful to read texts without being led astray

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Why were medieval ships unsuited for long-distance voyages? (5 points)

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Medieval ships were designed mostly for battle.

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How did mercantilism operate as a push factor for some European states during the Age of Exploration? (5 points)

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Mercantilism pushed some states to find more profitable trade routes to the east.

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What does the trade deal Vasco da Gama made in India demonstrate about some of the motivations for exploration? (5 points)

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It demonstrates that the Portuguese were hoping to profit from exploration.

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Which of the following explorers led a voyage that ultimately circumnavigated the globe? (5 points)

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Ferdinand Magellan

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How were the explorations of John Cabot and Christopher Columbus similar? (5 points)

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Both were commissioned explorers.

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Which of the following was a pull factor that caused the Dutch to explore the Indies? (5 points)

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The desire to profit from the trade of pepper and other spices found in the Indies

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How was the Dutch expedition to the Indies different from the Portuguese attempts to find new trade routes? (5 points)

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The Dutch expedition was funded as a private enterprise.

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Why did the Catholic Church express interest in the exploration of foreign lands? (5 points)

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The Catholic Church was interested in gaining new converts to the religion.

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Why might the Italian city-states have resisted the exploration around the world? (5 points)

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The discovery of new trade routes to the east threatened the city-state's control over that trade.

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What might be the cargo of a ship moving from New England to West Africa in the trans-Atlantic slave trade? (5 points)

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Rum

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How do scholars believe slavery most likely began? (5 points)

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Prisoners captured during war were forced to farm land for their captors.

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Why did the Atlantic slave trade from Africa begin? (5 points)

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European powers needed African workers for their sugar plantations.

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How were slaves used by the Maya and the Aztecs? (5 points)

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Slaves were sometimes used as a sacrifice to the gods.

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How was the Atlantic slave trade beneficial for merchants in Europe? (5 points)

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They had a new market in West Africa for their manufactured goods.

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Works like the autobiography of Olaudah Equiano helped expose (5 points)

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the brutal conditions of slavery

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In East Asia, one way slaves were acquired was through which of the following? (5 points)

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Capture in war

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How did the Atlantic slave trade benefit the Africans? (5 points)

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Africans eliminated warriors in rival tribes by selling or trading captured prisoners to slave traders.

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Abraham

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There is a painting by Anthony Van Dyke, painted around 1617 CE, showing what the artist imagined Abraham and Isaac to look like. Who: A Mesopotamian man thought to have lived around 1800 BCE. Abraham features prominently in the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an and is an important figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Significance: Abraham is believed to be the patriarch of the three major monotheistic religions. Abraham was one of the first people to teach the idea that there is only one God.

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Moses

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There is a painting that shows an artist's imagining of Moses holding a tablet that represents the Ten Commandments. Who: Moses was a Jewish prophet and leader, descended from Isaac, who lived during the 14th century BC. According to tradition, he led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt in what is known as the Exodus. Significance: He is the most important figure in Judaism, believed to have written the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible). Moses is an important prophet in both Christianity and Islam.

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Jesus

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There is a painting showing a depiction of Jesus as Christ. Jesus is seen holding an open book, presumably the Bible. Who: Jesus was a Jewish man and teacher believed by Christians to be the Son of God and the Messiah. He lived in the Roman province of Judaea (now part of modern-day Israel) during the first century CE. Significance: He is the most important figure in Christianity, held by tradition to have been the Son of God. Christians believe that Jesus allowed himself to be crucified by the Romans to atone for the sins of humanity.

question

Muhammad

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There is an image of a Western artist's portrayal of Muhammad. Muhammad is shown wearing a turban while holding a book and gesturing with his right hand. Who: Muhammad was an Arab merchant who lived during the sixth and seventh centuries CE. He spent most of his life in the city of Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula (modern-day Saudi Arabia), before migrating with his followers to Medina. Significance: Muhammad is the founder of Islam. Muslims consider him to be the last in a line of prophets of God. His prophesies, collected in the Qur'an, are believed by Muslims to be the word of God.

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Five Pillars of Islam

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There is an image of Muslim pilgrims arriving at Mecca to perform the hajj, one of the Five Pillars of Islam. The pilgrims are all dressed in similar white robes, and their feet are bare. What: The Five Pillars of Islam are a set of acts considered by Muslims to be central to their faith. They are shahadah (statement of belief), salat (daily prayers), sawm (fasting) during Ramadan, zakat (alms-giving), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). Significance: Muslims believe that observation of the Five Pillars is a sign of commitment to Islam.

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Merovingian

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There is a painting of King Clovis I. He is shown with a long red beard and long red hair. He wears a red robe and gold crown. He holds a golden staff in his right hand (the viewer's left) and has his left hand (viewer's right) on his sword which is in its scabbard. What: The Merovingians were a line of Frankish kings beginning with Clovis I. The Merovingians were a group of Germanic Franks that established a kingdom in the old Roman province of Gaul in the wake of the collapse of the Western Empire. The Frankish line began in 481 CE, though it had its roots in earlier tribal leaders. Clovis I, who converted to Christianity, was a brutal man who expanded his territory at the expense of other kingdoms, and even his own relatives. Significance: The Merovingians ruled Gaul (present-day France) for approximately 200 years. But the expansion of the kingdom and Clovis's acceptance of Christianity helped to spread the influence of Christianity across Europe.

question

Charlemagne

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There is a painting of Charlemagne being greeted by monks. At the left of the image is a man on a horse. He is being greeted by a man in the center of the picture who wears a cape and crown. To the right of the man in the cape and crown are three figures of monks and a castle. Who: Charlemagne was a Frankish king who united the Franks and conquered neighboring lands in the old Roman province of Gaul. Born in 742 CE, Charlemagne was a pious Christian who sought to reform the church and improve education in his kingdom. Significance: Charlemagne laid the groundwork for political and economic patterns that would dominate the rest of the medieval period in Europe; conquests formed the basis of what would be the Holy Roman Empire.

question

Holy Roman Empire

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There is a map showing Europe with the area of the Holy Roman Empire colored pink and all other land colored grey. The Holy Roman Empire is bounded by France to the west, the Baltic Sea to the north, and Poland to the east, and it extends into northern Italy in the south. What: The Holy Roman Empire was an empire composed of lands in Central Europe, largely comprising what is now Germany. Its origins go back to the empire of Charlemagne, but the actual Holy Roman Empire didn't begin until 962 with Otto I. Significance: The empire was a major political power in Europe for a long time, and continued to exist for over 800 years. The empire, and its relationship with the Church in Rome, helped to spread the influence of Christianity throughout northern Europe.

question

Crusades

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There is a map of the First Crusade. The Christian lands included the Holy Roman Empire (Central Europe), the Byzantine Empire (the Balkan Peninsula and western Turkey), Portugal, Leon, Castile, the Kingdom of Sicily, Serbia, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, England, and the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Seas. The Muslim lands included Africa, southern and eastern Spain, the Arabian Peninsula, and Southwestern Asia. The first Crusade spread through Metz, Regensburg, Constantinople, Edessa, Antioch, Tripoli, Acre, Jerusalem, Genoa, Rome, and Venice. What: The Crusades were a series of military expeditions between the 11th and 13th centuries on behalf of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches to establish control over the Holy Land. Christians had been making pilgrimages to the Holy Land for years. But, these pilgrimages stopped as a product of the prohibitive tactics of the Seljuk Turks. When the Byzantine emperor was looking for a way to check the Turkish advance, he used the general Christian passions about the Holy Land to launch holy wars against Turks. Significance: While the Crusades ultimately failed to maintain control of the Holy Land, they did succeed in expanding the medieval European world, bringing Muslim knowledge to medieval Europe, and increasing the wealth and power of the Catholic Church.

question

Pope Urban II

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There is a painting of Pope Urban II standing at a pulpit inside a large cathedral, with hundreds of men seated before him. Pope Urban II is wearing a red robe and holding a staff in his left hand. Each of the men seated are wearing tan, red, and blue robes. Along the sides of the building are individual statues placed upon pedestals at the base of extremely tall walls. Who: Pope Urban II was a Roman Catholic pope between the years 1088-1099. He is most famous for responding to the Byzantine emperor's plea for help defending the empire against the Turks by vigorously calling for Christians to begin a holy war. Significance: Pope Urban II called the Council of Clermont and issued a call for the First Crusade.

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Richard the Lionheart

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There is a painting of King Richard and Philip II receiving the keys to Acra. The painting shows the two kings sitting in a tent while two raggedly dressed men kneeling before them offer up a key. In the background is a large castle. Who: English King Richard I was known as "the Lionheart" for his bravery and leadership in battle. He is most famous for participating in and leading the Third Crusade. He battled with and won many victories against the Muslim military leader Saladin; however, he was never able to win back Jerusalem. Significance: While his leadership in the Third Crusade is his most famous achievement, he is also prominent in some English folklore. According to the legend, it is in King Richard's absence that the circumstances that brought about Robin Hood resulted.

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Saladin

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There is a painting of Saladin after the battle of Hattin in 1187. Saladin is sitting under a tent and is surrounded by armed guards, soldiers, and horses. There are several other tents and many other soldiers in the background. Christian knights are laying down their swords in front of him. Who: Saladin was a Kurdish Muslim warrior who gained prominence fighting in the Holy Land against the Crusaders. In 1187, he successfully conducted a coordinated force that retook Jerusalem in 1187. Significance: Saladin is most important for his role in uniting the Muslims of Egypt, Syria, and surrounding lands and in driving the Christian Crusaders out of Jerusalem. Before Saladin, the major weakness of the Muslim defenders was their disunity.

question

Sundiata Keita

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There is a two-color map that shows the extent of the Mali Empire at its height. The image shows West Africa with the Mali Empire colored in green. The green of the Songhai Empire covers parts of what are now Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Mauritania, and Mali. The cities of Koumbi Saleh, Timbuktu, Gao, and Jenna are also marked. Who: Sundiata Keita, whose name means "hungering lion," was the first king of Mali. He founded the kingdom in 1235 CE. Later, he expanded the kingdom's territory to include parts of the Kingdom of Ghana. Significance: Sundiata Keita was the founder of the Kingdom of Mali. He reestablished the gold and salt trade. He is also a major figure in the oral histories of West Africa.

question

Mansa Musa

answer

There is a detailed color drawing of a map showing Mansa Musa. It is from an atlas of the known world created in 1375 CE. The image shows a bearded black man center, seated on a low throne with a red pillow or cloth. The man's legs are crossed. He wears a European-style gold crown and holds a gold scepter in his right hand and a gold nugget in his left. He is surrounded by symbols, lines, and writing that refer to other elements of the map. Who: Mansa Musa was a king of the Mali Empire who came to power in 1312 CE and ruled for 20 years. During his reign Mansa Musa went on an extravagant pilgrimage to Mecca. The volume of gold he spent during this pilgrimage was so high that it was reported to have altered the value of gold in the area. Significance: Mansa Musa's devotion to Islam caused the religion to flourish in the region. His pilgrimage to Mecca made Mali famous, which in turn increased trade and made the Kingdom of Mali richer and more powerful. Finally Mansa Musa brought Arab and Islamic scholars, scientists, and architects to Timbuktu, fostering developments in learning and making the city an important intellectual center.

question

Sonni Ali the Great

answer

There is a two-color map that shows the extent of the Songhai Empire. The image shows West Africa with the Songhai Empire colored in green. The green of the Songhai Empire covers parts of what are now Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Mali, and Niger among others. The cities of Timbuktu, Gao, and Jenne are also marked. Who: Sonni Ali was the first king of the Songhai Empire who ruled from 1464 to 1492 CE. By the end of his reign, the Songhai Empire grew larger even than the Mali Empire. Though not a Muslim, Sonni Ali allowed the practice of Islam, and practiced a kind of Islam which combined elements of the religion with local animist beliefs. Significance: Sonni Ali was the founder of the Songhai Empire. His acceptance of Islam and his unusual practice of it helped to spread the religion into more areas of West Africa.

question

Askia Muhammad

answer

There is a color picture of Askia Muhammad's tomb. It shows a square-ish mud-brick structure with sticks protruding from the brick. Who: Askia Muhammad ruled the Soghia Empire from 1593 to 1628 CE. He was overthrown by his son. During his reign, Askia Muhammad expanded the empire and increased its power. Significance: Askia Muhammad strengthened the Songhai Empire and founded the Askia Dynasty. Muhammad Askia practiced traditional Islam and he made that religion the official religion of the Songhai Empire. The empire's civil code became the Quran, and the official language became Arabic.

question

Bantu Migration

answer

There is a map of Africa showing the Bantu migrations. It shows the continent of Africa with three sets of broad arrows emanating from West Africa around the area of present-day Nigeria and Congo to East, Central, and South Africa. What: Beginning around 2000 BCE, Bantu-speaking peoples of the Niger and Bhenu River Valleys moved into East, Central, and South Africa. Significance: The Bantu migration changed the culture of East, Central, and South Africa. They spread their language and traditions, which included their agricultural skill and knowledge of ironworking into these new areas. The Bantu also helped smaller communities grow into kingdoms.

question

Swahili Coast

answer

There is a color photograph of the three modern Dhow sailboats. The Dhow has one very large triangular sail. The ships are open and relatively small. They are sailing through choppy waters. What: Swahili means "of the coast" in Arabic. The Swahili Coast was an area of east Africa where in the eighth century CE, Arab and Indian traders established new port cities along the Indian Ocean. These cities included Mogadishu, Malindi, Mombasa, and Kilwa. Significance: The Swahili Coast became an important and powerful trading region. The combination of cultures in these trading centers created the language Swahili, a combination of Bantu languages and Arabic, as well as a unique Swahili culture.

question

Great Zimbabwe

answer

There is a black-and-white sketch of part of the ruins at Great Zimbabwe. It shows a large curved stone wall in the right foreground with a large open entryway. What: Great Zimbabwe was a kingdom from the 11th through the 15th centuries CE in southeastern Zimbabwe, known today for its pottery and curved stone architecture. Significance: Great Zimbabwe was a major African kingdom and city-state. It sent interior trade goods to cities along the Indian Coast, especially gold.

question

Kilwa

answer

There is a color photograph that shows part of the Great Mosque at Kilwa. This image is of a series of gracefully-curved stone columns and arches. What: Kilwa is an island just off the coast of Tanzania. Kilwa was also an important trading city along the Swahili Coast. It was founded in the 10th century CE by the Persian Prince Ali ibn al-Hassan Shirazi, who began the city as a sultanate. Significance: Kilwa was among the most powerful cities on the East African coast, and it also helped spread Islam and Islamic culture throughout the region.

question

Prince Henry

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Image Description: This is a color illustration of Prince Henry of Portugal. It shows the head and shoulders of a white, middle-aged man. He has a mustache and short hair. He wears a black hat with long drooping sides and an orange robe with a small black collar. Who: Prince Henry was a prince of Portugal and an early explorer. Prince Henry sailed along the coast of Africa where he "discovered" the island of Madeira (1419), passed Cape Verde, and landed on the Azores (1427). In 1445, Prince Henry and his men reached Senegal, where they constructed the first European fort on the African continent. Significance: Prince Henry's journeys established Portuguese dominance in early exploration. The contact with West Africa gave the Portuguese a foothold on the continent and in the later African slave trade.

question

Bartolomeo Dias

answer

Image Description: This image shows Bartolomeo Dias's route. It is a map of the world with an arrow from Portugal around Africa. Who: Bartolomeo Dias was a Portuguese explorer in the late 15th century. In 1488, he was the first European to sail around the base of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope. This journey provided Europe with a sea route from Europe to India. Significance: This journey gave Portugal a distinct edge in the lucrative spice trade. Dias's journey also brought knowledge of coastal Africa to Europe, which led ultimately to the Portuguese slave trade.

question

Vasco da Gama

answer

Image Description: This image shows Vasco da Gama's route. It is a map of the world with an arrow from Portugal around Africa, across the Indian Ocean, to the east coast of India. Who: Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who, in 1497, sailed around Africa to the east coast of India. He then negotiated a good trade deal between India and Portugal. Significance: Da Gama's explorations brought Portugal increased wealth and power and provided new sea routes to India.

question

Christopher Columbus

answer

Image Description: This is a map of Christopher Columbus's four journeys from Spain to America. It shows the western portion of Spain and West Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, and portions of North, Central, and South America. Each journey is represented by an arrow in a different color. The arrows all originate in Spain. They each cross the Atlantic at different latitudes and touch upon the Caribbean Islands and portions of northern South America that Columbus visited. Who: Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who sailed for Spain. He was the first European since the Vikings to visit the Americas. Columbus made four voyages; his most famous was the first in 1492. The other three took place in 1493, 1498, and 1502. Significance: Columbus's "discovery" of the land between Europe and Asia set off the conquest of those lands, particularly by Spain. It also began the Columbian Exchange of animals, plants, and diseases. This exchange changed the world and led to the destruction of many Native American people, who died from contact with European diseases.

question

Ferdinand Magellan

answer

Image Description: This image shows Ferdinand Magellan's route around the world. It is a map of the world with an arrow from Spain across the Atlantic and around the bottom of South America, then across the Pacific Ocean, then between Indonesia and Australia, across the Indian Ocean, around the bottom of Africa and, up the African coast back to Spain. Who: Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer in the late 15th and early 16th century. In 1519, sailing for Spain, Magellan set out to find a route to Asia by sailing west. The expedition reached the Philippines in 1522, where Magellan was killed. The remainder of his ships and crew returned to Spain the same year, becoming the first expedition in history to sail all the way around the earth. Significance: Magellan's journey gave Spain enormous power and prestige. It also gave Europeans a route around South America and introduced Europe to the Pacific Ocean. The journey added to European knowledge of the earth.

question

Hernan Cortés

answer

Image Description: This is a contemporary image of Hernan Cortés. It shows the head of a man who has short hair, slightly receding hairline, and a sparse beard and mustache. He wears a high collared jacket with some lace at the top of the collar. Tilted to the side on his head is a black beret-like hat with a feather coming out of it. Who: Hernan Cortés was a Spanish explorer and conquistador. From 1519 to 1521, he led the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire of Mexico. Significance: Cortés' conquest of the Aztecs earned him awards and enemies in the Spanish empire. Ultimately, however, his conquest of the Aztecs gave Spain control over Mexico.

question

Francisco Pizarro

answer

Image Description: This is a black-and-white image of Francisco Pizarro. It shows the head and torso of a white man wearing armor. He has a long beard and across the armor is a sash. Feathers sprout out of the top of his helmet. Who: Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan people of Peru and Ecuador in 1533. Significance: Pizarro's conquest gave Spain control over the west coast of South America, much of the Andes mountain range, and all the Incan wealth.

question

Triangular Trade

answer

Image Description: This is a map of the triangular trade between Africa, the Americas, and Europe. It shows the Atlantic Ocean bordered by portions of North and South America, Africa, and Europe. There are three big red arrows on the map. These arrows go roughly from Africa to the Americas, from the Americas to Europe, and from Europe to Africa, and together form a triangle. Beside each arrow is what was exchanged as that area's part of the triangular trade. Next to Africa the text reads "Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to Africa". Next to the Americas the text reads, "Slaves to the Americas". Next to Europe the text reads, "Sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe". What: The triangular trade is the name for the trade between Africa, the Americas, and Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the trade, slaves were brought from Africa to the Americas. The slaves provided the labor to grow the sugar, tobacco, and cotton, which were then sold to Europe. The sugar and cotton were manufactured in Europe into textiles and rum, which were then traded in Africa (along with other manufactured goods) for slaves. Significance: The triangular trade provided for much of Europe's growth and prosperity in this era. It was crucial to the development and prosperity of the American colonies. It enslaved or killed millions of Africans.

question

Bartolome de las Casas

answer

Image Description: This is a painting of Bartolome de las Casas. It shows him wearing a monk's rob and seated at a desk writing. Who: Bartolome de las Casas was a Spanish missionary who traveled to the New World in the early 16th century as a missionary. He was horrified by what he saw: the brutal treatment, enslavement, and murder of Native people. He wrote several essays and a book. For this work, he became known as "Apostle to the Indians." Significance: By publicizing the condition of native people, de las Casas helped to bring about some reforms. Today, his work also serves as a rare and important history of the Spanish conquest.

question

Olaudah Equiano

answer

Image Description: This is an image of Olaudah Equiano. This image shows him dressed in European clothing and holding a book with his right hand. Who: Olaudah Equiano, also known as Gustavus Vassa, was an African who was kidnapped and forced into slavery in about 1756. As an adult, he was able to purchased his own freedom. In 1789, he published his autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. This work describes the brutal conditions of slavery and the slave trade. Significance: Equiano became an important abolitionist. His book influenced many people to join the abolition movement. Its influence helped pass the law that ended the British slave trade

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URP3001 Exam 2 – Flashcards 40 terms

Carol Rushing

40 terms

Preview

URP3001 Exam 2 – Flashcards

question

The highly urbanized Randstad of the Netherlands and the Rhine‑Ruhr area of Germany have diameters of about 70 miles. These two are examples of:

answer

conurbations

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The human geography of cities in what country has been transformed by huge immigrant populations from the Caribbean, India, and Pakistan?

answer

Britain

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In the future, some administrative functions of the EU are likely to shift from Brussels and Frankfurt to cities such as Warsaw and Budapest. How would that shift be described by geographers?

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as a shift from core to periphery

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What are Europe's two megacities (excluding Moscow)?

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London and Paris

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What European city was divided between East and West by a famous artificial barrier to keep people from fleeing westward during the Cold War?

answer

Berlin

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Market gardens once occupied peripheral lands around European cities. What has happened to those zones of market gardening?

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They have been overtaken by suburbanization.

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What was the most influential force in molding the cities of Eastern Europe from the 1950s through the 1980s?

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centralized planning

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Which one of the following cities is both a primate city and a national capital?

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Paris

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Which of the following processes has contributed most to metropolitan decentralization in Europe?

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Deindustrialization

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What city in Europe evolved around an island in the Seine River?

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Paris

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In which of the following cities would you be most likely to find a new generation of mosques?

answer

Kazan

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Problems confronting the Russian urban system include all of the following except:

answer

the continuing decline of the urban population throughout the nation

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What type of economy shaped the landscape of Russian cities from 1917 through 1991?

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command economy

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When the Soviet Union collapsed, what happened to Moscow?

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It became the capital of the Russian Federation.

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An aspect of Soviet urban planning that grew out of socialist ideologies yet helps achieve the goals of urban sustainability today is Moscow's:

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BLENDING OF URBAN GARDENS INTO THE HIGH DESTINY DOWNTOWN CORE

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With increasing consumption and lagging public services, what has happened to the landscapes around many Russian apartment buildings in the post-Soviet era?

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They have become littered with trash.

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St. Petersburg:

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has a city center that is a Word Heritage site but also threatened by new development

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The pattern in Russia is similar to the U.S.: existing central city buildings in poor condition but in good locations are converted into upscale apartments, often displacing long-time residents. This process is known as:

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gentrification

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Moscow's rise to importance in Russia cannot be attributed to:

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the rule of Tsar Peter

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Historical trading cities along the rivers of European Russia were each dominated by a fortress. The fortress was called:

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a kremlin

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The cultural landscape within the walls of old Jerusalem includes sites that are sacred to:

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Jews, Muslims, and Christians

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Istanbul:

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was converted from a Christian city to a Muslim city under the Ottomans

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The minarets that punctuate the skylines of Middle Eastern cities are associated with:

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mosques

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What is the status of green space in Beirut?

answer

There is an average of 0.8 square meters of green space per person

question

Which one of the following elements of the built environment of Middle Eastern cities does not promote cooling and temperature control?

answer

FOUNTAINS DRAW UPON COOL GROUND WATER TO CHILL THE AIR IN SMALL SPACES

question

The Persian/Arabian Gulf's leading city in terms of business, entertainment, and consumer services is:

answer

ABU DHABI

question

Which one of the following countries does not have an urban tradition that dates back several millennia?

answer

United Arab Emirates

question

Which of these features are least likely to be found in the medina of a Middle Eastern city?

answer

parking lots

question

Uprisings in the cities of what two countries began the revolt which led to demands for democracy, free elections, and an end to corruption across the Arab world?

answer

Tunisia and Egypt

question

Washington, D.C., is to New York City, as Rabat is to:

answer

Casablanca

question

The township of Roma is now inhabited by Lusaka's professional class. Under the British, it was inhabited exclusively by privileged whites. In both cases, Roma's maids and gardeners come from the informal settlement to the northwest. This is an example of:

answer

how segregation by race has been replaced by segregation by class

question

In urban Africa, all of the following forces have driven the trend toward ever more people engaging in multiple economic activities except:

answer

government programs that help to reduce family size

question

Beginning in the 9th century, cities on Africa's Indian Ocean coast developed economically, culturally, and politically as a result of trade with:

answer

the Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf

question

Trading posts (and eventually cities) developed on the Atlantic coast of Africa as a result of contact with European nations. What nation was the first to sail south along Africa's coast?

answer

Portugal

question

French remains the national language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and its cities as a result of being held by Leopold II, the king of:

answer

Belgium

question

"Desert ports on a network of caravan routes that crisscross the Sahara": Which one of the following historical cities would be included under this heading?

answer

Timbuktu

question

As cities in Sub-Saharan Africa have grown since independence:

answer

patterns of government dominance have been replaced by more reliance on private enterprise

question

Which one of the following sub-Saharan Africa countries has been identified as one of the BRICS?

answer

South Africa

question

The first European settlements along the coast of sub‑Saharan Africa included St. Louis, Luanda, and Lourenço Marques (now Maputo). From what country did the settlers come?

answer

Portugal

question

The slums of former French-colonial cities in Africa are known as:

answer

bidonvilles

STUDY

Bows And Arrows East And West

Mongol Empire Flashcards 79 terms

Viola Marenco

79 terms

Preview

Mongol Empire Flashcards

question

What was Ghenghis Khan's original name?

answer

Temujin

question

Who were the Mongols?

answer

The Mongols were among the numerous nomadic tribes who lived in Central Asia

question

What type of geographical feature did Mongol's live in?

answer

The Mongols lived in the Asian steppes

question

What were/are steppes?

answer

Steppes are dry, windy grasslands; harsh climates and extreme temperatures of the steppes were the main features of Mongolia's geography

question

Could you be weak and live in Mongolia?

answer

Mongolia was a region where only the strong survived

question

How much of Mongolia's land was good for farming?

answer

Only one percent of Mongolia's land was good for farming

question

What were most Mongols occupation?

answer

Mongols were pastoralists

question

What is a pastoralist?

answer

Shepherds and livestock farmers who herded animals

question

When the summer herds thinned out during the winter, making milk and meat scarce, what was the only way for Mongols to survive?

answer

the only way for Mongols to survive was by raiding other neighboring clans and stealing their herds

question

What type of clans did Mongols live in?

answer

Nomadic Clans

question

How did the Mongols travel?

answer

They traveled on horseback.

question

Were the member of clans related? Explain

answer

Yes, they descended from a common ancestor.

question

What ability was highly valued by the Mongols?

answer

The ability to fight.

question

What would it take to unite all of the warring Mongol clans together into one group?

answer

A strong leader

question

When was Temujin born?

answer

1162

question

After what did Temujin change his name?

answer

He became the undisputed leader of all Mongol tribes after a series of battles

question

What does Ghenghis Khan mean?

answer

Universal Rulers

question

Name two characteristics of Genghis Khan

answer

Intelligent and Vicious

question

What would Genghis Khan create?

answer

Genghis Khan would lead the creation of the largest land empire in human history

question

What would Genghis Khan do during his ruling?

answer

From 1200 to 1206, Genghis united all of the Mongol clans under his rule

question

What did Genghis Khan build?

answer

Genghis Khan built a powerful army out of the Mongols

question

What did Genghis Khan begin?

answer

He began a 21 year long conquest of Asia and parts of Europe

question

Mongols began taking what in 1207?

answer

New territory

question

What current country did Genghis Khan go after first?

answer

China?

question

What did Genghis want control over?

answer

Genghis wanted control of the Silk Road, the valuable trade routes between Asia and Europe

question

What did the Mongols do in Xia?

answer

The Mongols conquered the kingdom called Xia in northern China

question

What did the Mongols do after they captured Xia?

answer

They attacked the Jin Dynasty, bringing all of China under Genghis Khan's control

question

What did did Genghis do after he conquered China?

answer

After conquering China, Genghis took over most of Central Asia

question

Did future Mongol leaders after Genghis increase Mongol borders to its greatest extent?

answer

Yes

question

What is the Mongol Empire known as?

answer

The largest land empire in history

question

As a result of their lifestyle and environment, what were Mongols?

answer

the Mongols were natural horsemen and extremely tough and skilled warriors

question

What weapon were the Mongols skilled with?

answer

Bows and arrows

question

What made the Mongols an unstoppable enemy?

answer

Their speed on horseback, weapons, and fighting skill made the Mongols an unstoppable enemy

question

What was the super weapon of the time?

answer

The extremely strong and flexible compound bow was the super-weapon of its time

question

What could the compound bow do?

answer

It could shoot arrows faster and more accurately than any bow before it; fired properly, it could pierce armor at 190 MPH

question

What could groups of archers do?

answer

Groups of archers could rain arrows on the enemy from 300 yards away

question

Since Genghis was a highly intelligent military commander, what would he often do? What were the Mongol's referred to as?

answer

He would often trick enemies into attacking, using small forces to lure them into traps, where the rest of the Mongol army would appear and destroy them The Mongols were a very organized war machine

question

Why else were the Mongols so effective in war?

answer

From each group of people they conquered, the Mongols would pick up new tactics and weapons, such as Chinese siege weapons and gunpowder

question

What would Genghis Khan's reputation? Give examples.

answer

Genghis Khan's army quickly gained a reputation for extreme cruelty during battle If an enemy refused to surrender, Genghis would order the death of the entire population , torturing and killing every soldier and civilian after the Mongols took a Persian city that resisted, the governor of the city was brought alive to Genghis; he ordered molten gold to be poured down the governor's throat

question

What was Genghis Khan's greatest weapon?

answer

His spread of terror.... Many villages would surrender to him without a fight

question

Even though they were merciless in battle, how were they toward the captured?

answer

They were tolerant in times of peace and adopted cultures from the captured

question

What type of religion and culture did the East and West Mongols follow?

answer

West- converted to Islam East- Embraced Chinese Culture

question

In order for the conquered people to live, what must they do?

answer

They must have paid tribute.

question

In order to rape and plunder, what must Genghis Warriors do?

answer

They must get permission from Genghis.

question

Did Genghis rule solely? Elaborate

answer

Genghis also shared his power; he gave his finest warriors leadership positions throughout the Mongolian Empire

question

Where did Interaction between Mongols and conquered Muslims happen?

answer

Mostly happened in Persia and Western China

question

How were Muslims treated?

answer

After initial brutality, the Mongols showed much religious toleration towards the Muslims

question

Why were muslim merchants invited to China?

answer

Muslim merchants were invited to China to promote trade between the Mongols' empire and the Middle East

question

Where did Interactions between Mongols and conquered Christians happen?

answer

Interactions between Mongols and conquered Christians mostly happened in Russia

question

Why did Mongols kill many Christians?

answer

the reason was because of Christian resistance to Mongol rule

question

When Genghis died, did the empire grow, stay the same size, or shrink?

answer

It grew (expanded)

question

What current countries did the conquer?

answer

Russia, Korea, Central Asia, CHina, the Islamic Empire

question

How far did the Mongol Empire stretch?

answer

The Mongol Empire stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe

question

When Genghis Khan died, what did the Mongol Empire do?

answer

After the death of Genghis Khan, the Mongol Empire was divided into four major sections called khanates, each ruled by a son or grandson of Genghis

question

What was the most important Khanate?

answer

The Khanate of the Great Khan

question

The Khanate of the Great Khan is located where?

answer

China

question

Who was the first ruler of The Khanate of the Great Khan? What was he the first to do?

answer

Grandson, Kublai Khan became the ruler of "The Khanate of the Great Khan" and as such, the first foreign leader to reside within China as he ruled it

question

What era did Kublai Khan start?

answer

Yuan Dynasty

question

Where did Kunlai move the Mongolia Capital? Why?

answer

Kublai enjoyed Chinese culture so much that he moved the Mongolian capital to China

question

Were Chinese people allowed to serve in leadership positions?

answer

No, he excluded the Chinese from serving in leadership positions; he relied on non-Chinese people to serve in his government

question

Was Kublai Khan a good emperor? What did he do under his rule?

answer

Yes: foreign trade with China increased; he built roads and extended the Grand Canal to improve transportation

question

What happened from the mid-1200s to the mid-1300s?

answer

"Pax Mongolica" which mean Mongol Peace It was a time of peace and stability

question

What increased during Pax Mongolica? Why?

answer

There was enormous trade between Asia and Europ because of the seafet.

question

Safe passage was granted for who?

answer

Trade caravans, traveler, and missionaries

question

What Chinese technologies reached Europe from the trade routes? What would they end up doing?

answer

Chinese technologies like gunpowder and the magnetic compass reached Europe; this would later help the Europeans when they began exploring and conquering other parts of the world

question

What made its way from Asia to Europe along the trade routes?

answer

Diseases like the Plague that killed millions

question

Who visited Kublai Khan in 1275? What was he impressed by?

answer

Marco Polo The riches in display in China

question

What did Kublai Khan do with Marco Polo?

answer

Kublai Khan was impressed with Marco, so the emperor employed him in the Yuan government for 17 years

question

What did Marco Polo do when he returned to Italy? What did this increase?

answer

When Marco Polo returned to Italy in 1292, he wrote a book about his travels; his stories of China increased European demand for Asian products

question

What land did Kublai Khan try to invade twice? What happened the second time?

answer

Japan Massive storms swept the Mongols' ships away

question

What did the Japanese say saved them from invasions? What is the Japanese word for this? What would the failed invasions lead to?

answer

Divine Wind Kamikaze Decline of the Mongol Empire b/c the failed invasions cost the Mongols men and money

question

By the time of Kublai Khan's death what happened? In 1330, what did the Mongols lose control of?

answer

The Mongol Empire was growing weak. Persia

question

What did the Chinese do in 1368?

answer

Overthrew the Mongols and started the Ming Dynasty.

question

What did Russia do in 1480?

answer

Under Czar Ivan III, Russia gained independence from Mongol rule and started the Romanov Dynasty

question

What happened in 1370?

answer

The Mongols lost control of Central Asia

question

What happened to the Mongol Empire?

answer

The Mongols' empire was gradually reduced until all they had left was the territory they originally had in the early 1200s

question

How did the Mongol's create the largest land empire in human history?

answer

Genghis Khan's military genius Organized, fast-moving, tough warriors Using new tactics and weapons from conquered people Spreading terror to make enemies surrender without a fight Fear, along with tolerant rule, kept the conquered people from rebelling against the Mongols for a long time

question

How did the Mongols' power decline?

answer

Leaders after Genghis and Kublai were not as capable Attempted invasions of Japan and Southeast Asia failed; they cost a lot of money and soldiers The conquered people would use the Mongols' own fighting tactics against them and eventually overthrow them

question

What were the theories of the Mongol Dynasty?

answer

1: All religions were equal 2: Religions were an "insurance policy" in case you picked the wrong one and angered G-d

STUDY

East And West Military History World History

World History unit 5 review – Flashcards 83 terms

Jose Escobar

83 terms

Preview

World History unit 5 review – Flashcards

question

A state of military and political tension that stops short of full scale war.

answer

Cold War

question

A policy adopted by Truman to stop the spread of Communism.

answer

containment

question

A social, economic, and military barrier between Soviet bloc countries and Western Europe after World War II.

answer

Iron Curtain

question

Nations that are politically controlled by another country.

answer

satellites

question

During the cold war these were the U.S. and the former U.S.S.R.

answer

superpowers

question

a policy adopted by Truman to stop the spread of Communism

answer

containment

question

the U.S. and the former U.S.S.R. during the cold war,

answer

superpowers

question

nations that are politically controlled by another country

answer

satellites

question

a state of military and political tension that stops short of full scale war

answer

Cold War

question

a social, economic, and military barrier between Soviet bloc countries and Western Europe after World War II

answer

Iron Curtain

question

What are the two historical events, including dates, that could be used to mark the end of the Cold War?

answer

The breakup of the Soviet Union, 1991 The fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, 1989

question

Describe America's policy of containment.

answer

They wanted to stop communism from spreading to other countries.

question

Who were the primary antagonists during the Cold War?

answer

United States Soviet Union

question

The Soviet Union set up Communist governments in all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Italy

question

True or False? The U.S. expected that a period of post-war cooperation with the Soviets could be used to convince them to leave Eastern Europe.

answer

True

question

An alliance formed in 1949 by the nations of the United States, Canada, Iceland, Norway, Britain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, France, Italy, Greece, and Turkey. The alliance was originally formed for mutual defense against Soviet attack. (Called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

answer

NATO

question

An alliance between the former U.S.S.R. and its satellite countries.

answer

Warsaw Pact

question

_____ is an alliance that existed for mutual defense against Soviet attack.

answer

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

question

The what Pact was an alliance between the former U.S.S.R. and its satellite countries.

answer

Warsaw

question

True or False? The UN has its own army to enforce its decisions.

answer

False

question

True or False? Both the Soviets and the U.S. had the power to veto any UN resolution.

answer

True

question

True or False? The General Assembly has oversight of territories under UN protection.

answer

False

question

True or False? The Security Council attempts to keep peace in the world.

answer

True

question

The U.S. feared that Communist China would ally itself with _____.

answer

the Soviet Union

question

The United States gave substantial aid to Europe after World War II under the _____.

answer

Marshall Plan

question

The two parties that fought in China's civil war were the:

answer

Nationalists Communists

question

A wall that separated East and West Germany during the cold war and was dismantled in 1989.

answer

Berlin Wall

question

A certain location where military forces, activity, and installations have been removed.

answer

Demilitarized Zone

question

Missiles, usually nuclear, that have the capability of traveling from one continent to another.

answer

Intercontinental ballistic missiles

question

The return of prisoners of war to their own countries.

answer

repatriation

question

Pertaining to atomic weapons based on fusion rather than those based on fission.

answer

thermonuclear

question

have the capability of traveling from one continent to another

answer

Intercontinental ballistic missiles

question

atomic weapons based on fusion rather than those based on fission

answer

thermonuclear

question

location where military forces, activity, and installations have been removed

answer

Demilitarized Zone

question

the return of prisoners of war to their own countries

answer

repatriation

question

separated East and West Germany during the cold war; was dismantled in 1989.

answer

Berlin Wall

question

True or False? Douglas MacArthur was fired as commander of the armed forces in Korea because he publicly opposed the decision of President Truman.

answer

True

question

In 1949, the first nuclear bomb was exploded by the what?

answer

soviets

question

In response to the Berlin blockade, the Allies began the _____, nicknamed "Operation Vittles," which landed a plane in Berlin every three minutes.

answer

Berlin Airlift

question

The Korean War accomplished the U.S. policy of what .

answer

containment

question

True or False? The U.S. Congress declared war on North Korea shortly after the invasion of South Korea began.

answer

False

question

True or False? Relationships between the Americans and the Soviets deteriorated in 1960 because of the U-2 incident, in which an American spy plane was shot own over the Soviet Union.

answer

True

question

What three nations attacked Egypt in 1956, in order to recover the Suez Canal?

answer

England France Israel

question

True or False? The U.S. blockade of Cuba was to prevent the delivery of nuclear missiles from the Soviet Union.

answer

True

question

Who made the World's first man-made satellite?

answer

Sputnik

question

Who Seized the Suez Canal?

answer

Nasser

question

Who was A more cautious Soviet leader

answer

Krushchev

question

Who Ordered the blockade of Cuba

answer

Kennedy

question

Who Made Cuba Communist

answer

Castro

question

The easing of tensions or strained relations, especially between nations.

answer

detente

question

Involuntary selection of people to join the armed services.

answer

draft

question

Pertaining specifically to a place or people.

answer

endemic

question

Who was South Vietnamese Communists

answer

Viet Cong

question

Who was Vietnamese communist leader

answer

Ho Chi Minh

question

Who began the Began policy of Vietnamization

answer

Nixon

question

Who Asked Congress to support wider American involvement

answer

Johnson

question

Who was a Corrupt South Vietnamese leader

answer

Ngo Dihn Diem

question

The _____ Resolution was passed by Congress in 1964 and allowed the President to expand American involvement in Vietnam.

answer

Gulf of Tonkin

question

True or False? The American Congress refused to send aid to South Vietnam as it was invaded in 1975.

answer

true

question

The _____ was a well coordinated, large scale Viet Cong attack that began during the Vietnamese New

answer

Tet Offensive

question

The first free trade union in a Communist country was Poland's _____ movement.

answer

Solidarity

question

As the U.S. made overtures toward what in the early 1970s, they ceased to recognize the legitimacy of what government.

answer

China Taiwan's

question

The Soviets invadedwhat to support a Communist coup of the existing what government.

answer

Afghanistan Muslim

question

The United States responded to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan by what the 1980 what in Moscow.

answer

boycotting Olympics

question

The term Detente refers to:

answer

a period of better relations between the super powers in the 1970s

question

True or False? SALT I was a treaty that limited the nuclear weapons of the superpowers.

answer

True

question

The quality of being self-governing

answer

autonomy

question

To rid a political party or group of people of undesirable members.

answer

purge

question

Vaclav Havel led the transition government in:

answer

Czechoslovakia

question

Which of the following split into five nations after the fall of Communism?

answer

Yugoslavia

question

The event that marks the end of Communism in Eastern Europe was:

answer

The destruction of the Berlin Wall

question

True or False? Hungary continues to look at the leaders of their 1956 revolt as criminals.

answer

False

question

True or False? The United States was cautious about believing Gorbachev's reforms were permanent.

answer

True

question

True or False? Albania was an unusually prosperous Communist nation that suffered no substantial population loss when its borders were opened.

answer

false

question

True or False? East and West Germany began negotiations to reunite, but had not come to terms by the mid-1990s.

answer

False

question

Who was the elected president of Russia who led the resistance to the Communist coup in 1991?

answer

Yeltsin

question

True or False? The 1991 communist coup attempt failed because it lacked the support of the people and most of the army.

answer

True

question

Eleven of the original fifteen republics of the Soviet Union formed what in 1991.

answer

the Commonwealth of Independent States

question

What Soviet leader, began the Cold War

answer

Joseph Stalin

question

Who was the Chinese Communist leader

answer

Mao Zedong

question

Who was the Cuban Communist leader

answer

Fidel Castro

question

Who was the Vietnamese Communist leader

answer

Ho Chi Minh

question

Who was the leader of Solidarity

answer

Lech Walesa

STUDY

AP European History Civil Service Examinations East And West Global Trade Network Silk Road Trade World History World History 2

China vs Western Europe in 15th Century – Flashcards 10 terms

Karen Combs

10 terms

Preview

China vs Western Europe in 15th Century – Flashcards

question

Rebuilt from the Mongols

answer

China

question

Rebuilt from the Bubonic Plague

answer

Europe

question

Political consolidation occurred here

answer

China and Europe

question

Unitary and centralized government that encompassed almost the whole of its civilization

answer

China

question

A decidedly fragmented system of many separate, independent, and competitive states made for a sharply divided Christendom. Many learned to tax citizens more efficiently for administrative structures and armies

answer

Europe

question

Experienced cultural flowering

answer

China and Europe

question

Europe's culture after the Renaissance was rather more different from its own recent past than Ming dynasty China was from its pre-Mongol glory

answer

Europe

question

Went back to traditions of state buildings.

answer

Chine (Confucian) and Europe (Greek)

question

To establish power and prestige in the world and exert control over foreign trade in the region. They did not seek to conquer territory, spread culture or establish their own settlements

answer

China's purpose for sending out ships to explore the wider world

question

Europeans escalated theirs into massive empire building efforts. Confucian scholars opposed expeditions, but the Catholic Church supported them hoping to spread its influence. China remained at peace, but in Europe, war and competition between states led to huge innovations (100 Years War).

answer

Europe's purpose for sending out ships to explore the wider world

STUDY

East And West Middle East United States History-Other

Section 3 Trade Networks of Asia and Africa – Flashcards 24 terms

Josephine Mack

24 terms

Preview

Section 3 Trade Networks of Asia and Africa – Flashcards

question

How did trade link Europe Africa and Asia

answer

a complex trade network that passed thru the Arabian peninsula

question

What religion emerged on the Arabian Peninsula?

answer

Islam

question

islam emergged in the A.D. 600 through what prophet?

answer

Muhhammed

question

islam spread rapidly thru___________ in trade

answer

conquest

question

the sacred book of islam

answer

quran

question

araba scholars made remarkable contributions to __, ___ and __

answer

mathematics, medicine, and astormany

question

arabs helped devolved?

answer

algebra

question

ship technology included large, triangular

answer

sails

question

the most powerful trade center eastren africa in the 1400s was _______

answer

zimbabwae

question

the cheif tradeing center was _____

answer

kilwa

question

the coastal city kilwa exchanged cloth, _______, and manufactured goods for gold, _____ and furs from Africa's interior.

answer

pottery and ivory

question

the slave trade also developed between East Adrica and Asia across the __________

answer

Indian Ocean

question

Trade linked the _________ and West Africa

answer

Middle East

question

Desert nomads guided ________ across the sahara

answer

Caravans

question

_____ was the first major trade center in West Africa

answer

Ghana

question

the trade in ____ and ____ made West African rulers rich

answer

Salt and Gold

question

Under Mansa Mmusa, Mali's great city of ___________ became a center of learning.

answer

Timbuktu

question

the third of the greatest West African trading empires was

answer

Songhai

question

____ had a higher level of technology than any other civilization of the time

answer

China

question

The invention of the ______ allowed ships to lose sight of land and still return home safety.

answer

magnetic compass

question

the explorer ______ visited ____ nations throughout Asia and Africa

answer

Zheng He / 30

question

the __________ was not one road, but series of routes in Asia

answer

Silk Road

question

Goods such as silk, spices, pottery, and gems flowed west from China to Middle Eastern and _______ markets.

answer

European

question

The Silk Road declined in importance when ______ sea routes were discovered.

answer

alternative

STUDY

AP United States History East And West Frederick Jackson Turner United States

History 2 Finals – Flashcards 150 terms

Candace Young

150 terms

Preview

History 2 Finals – Flashcards

question

The final blow to Native American tribal life on the Plains was:

answer

The extermination of the buffalo herds.

question

What was one of the results of the rapid increase in cultivated acreage during the latter half of the nineteenth century?

answer

Lower prices for farm products.

question

Why was the Grange originally founded in 1867?

answer

To provide social, cultural, and educational activities for farmers.

question

The origins of the western cattle industry lay in:

answer

Mexico

question

Approximately 50 percent of cowboys driving the great herds from Texas to city markets in the 1870s were:

answer

African Americans and Mexicans.

question

Considered by many as the defeated last stand of the Plains Indians, as the U.S. Army pushed them to reservations. Some consider it as a retaliation for Custer's death.

answer

Battle of Wounded Knee

question

A legislative attempt at forced "civilization" that worked at making the Indians farmers of their own plots of land, and their children "less Indian" by forcing them to learn white culture at Indian schools.

answer

Dawes Severalty Act

question

What was the primary cause of the increase of farmers in the West after the Civil War?

answer

The belief in economic opportunity by many Americans.

question

What was significant about the Big Bonanza?

answer

It was the richest discovery in the history of mining.

question

While it truly was the Age of Invention, the MOST significant technical innovation of the 19th century was:

answer

Railroads

question

After making his massive fortune in the steel business by investing in technology and vertical integration, this individual began to focus his efforts on philanthropy. He particularly is noted for supporting the building of public libraries across the country.

answer

Andrew Carnegie

question

This man would be associated with the development of "horizontal integration," by putting his competitors out of business. At one time his companies refined 9 out of 10 barrels of oil refined in this country. (He is reportedly the model for the mustached-man on the game of Monopoly!)

answer

John D. Rockefeller

question

What was one result of the proliferation of patents during this Age of Invention in America in the late 1800s?

answer

Americans no longer imported most of their technology.

question

What was the significance of Thomas Edison's laboratory at Menlo Park?

answer

It was the first modern research laboratory ever built.

question

A union of all "producers of labor"—both skilled, and unskilled—to improve all conditions for workers, including wages:

answer

Knights of Labor

question

What was a significant consequence of the rapid urban growth of the late 1800s?

answer

Powerful city political machines that controlled elections and much local government,

question

This event in 1877 started small but spread rapidly, becoming violent with fights between government militia. By the end, 100 people had been killed, millions of dollars in damages had been caused in the clashes, and it had a significant impact on the economy.

answer

Great Railway Strike

question

The violence from this event weakened public support of labor and the national labor movement:

answer

Haymarket Square

question

Most Americans in the 1880s:

answer

Were church-attending Protestants

question

A major difference between northern and southern public schools of the time you have just studied was:

answer

Few Southern states had compulsory school attendance laws.

question

After the Democrats regained the White House in 1884, Republicans looked for reasons for their loss in power. One obvious example was the growth in power in the South of the violent organization known as the _______ which scared Republican voters, including most freedmen, from voting.

answer

Klu Klux Klan

question

Southern states had also passed _____laws or "black codes" which made it impossible for many African-Americans to vote.

answer

Jim Crow

question

What did the popularity of sports in the U.S. indicate from the 1870s through the 1920s?

answer

The increased amount of leisure time many had

question

Rapid rail construction after the Civil War was possible because:

answer

Federal and state governments provided important incentives

question

What is the significance of the adoption of a standard gauge system for all railroads?

answer

It allowed trains to travel on all tracks, thus integrating the entire system.

question

The development of a national railway system:

answer

Was not completed until the early twentieth century.

question

By 1894, American railroads:

answer

Suffered from competition and overexpansion.

question

This corporation became the first billion-dollar company in the United States.

answer

U.S. Steel

question

What effect did the American government have on industrial growth from the 1870s to the early 1900s?

answer

It provided incentives for growth.

question

What does it mean to say that Americans spoke a "common language of consumption" by the late nineteenth century?

answer

Americans found a commonality in a consumer culture, in which they all could buy the same kinds of goods.

question

Which of the following lists industrial developments in proper chronological order? The formation of U.S. Steel Corporation, formation of the first trust, completion of the first transcontinental railroad The formation of the first trust, completion of the first transcontinental railroad, formation of U.S. Steel Corporation The formation of the first trust, formation of U.S. Steel Corporation, completion of the first transcontinental railroad The completion of the first transcontinental railroad, formation of the first trust, formation of U.S. Steel Corporation The formation of U.S. Steel Corporation, completion of the first transcontinental railroad, the formation of the first trust

answer

The completion of the first transcontinental railroad, formation of the first trust, formation of U.S. Steel Corporation

question

What was the immediate consequence of the formation of the Standard Oil Trust?

answer

Other industries followed its lead and trusts became common in America.

question

The president who entered the White House after the heavily disputed election of 1876 in what historians call "The Compromise of 1877" was:

answer

Rutherford B. Hayes

question

In the South, a grandfather clause waived the literacy requirement for voters whose ancestor had:

answer

voted before 1867.

question

The Pendleton Act

answer

provided a merit system for national government jobs.

question

Those who supported the free coinage of silver:

answer

Were convinced it would help the agrarian sectors.

question

Which was NOT a demand of the Populist Party?

answer

Maintenance of the gold standard

question

The president of the United States during the depression of 1893 was:

answer

Grover Cleveland.

question

The two major presidential candidates of the 1896 election were:

answer

William Jennings Bryan and William McKinley.

question

The major issue of the election of 1896 was:

answer

Currency.

question

The most famous political machine of the late nineteenth century was:

answer

Tammany Hall.

question

A major change in the college curriculum of the late nineteenth century was to:

answer

Stress the practical application of education.

question

Jane Addams was the founder of:

answer

Hull House in Chicago

question

Why did many whites support Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Compromise?

answer

Because it called for blacks to gain rights slowly through self-improvement and not through activism

question

Why did W.E.B. DuBois attack the Atlanta Compromise?

answer

He believed that blacks should actively fight for civil rights.

question

Why did William Seward encourage the United States to buy Alaska?

answer

He hoped the United States would annex Canada.

question

According to the theories of Alfred Thayer Mahan,

answer

a strong navy was an integral part of America's wealth and power.

question

What was one result of yellow journalism stories about Cuba in the 1890s?

answer

Americans became enraged about Spain's treatment of Cubans and the sinking of the U.S. Navy ship, the Maine.

question

The actions of Commodore Dewey in the Philippines:

answer

Provided the United States with an unexpected prize of war.

question

Why was American expansion of the 1890s different from earlier expansionist moves?

answer

It would create economic and military colonies overseas.

question

What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact involve?

answer

An international treaty outlawing war

question

Which two factors explained American isolationism in the 1930s?

answer

The Great Depression and an understanding of the costs of war

question

The weakness of the League of Nations was revealed when Italy invaded:

answer

Ethiopia

question

What did the first neutrality act, passed in 1935, prohibit?

answer

Selling arms to nations at war

question

Hitler started World War II by invading ________ on September 1, 1939.

answer

Poland

question

The countries that comprised the Axis Powers in World War II were:

answer

Germany, Italy, and Japan.

question

What event brought the United States into World War II?

answer

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

question

During World War II, the closest ally of the United States was:

answer

Britain

question

United States troops first went into combat against German troops in:

answer

Africa

question

How many times was Franklin D. Roosevelt elected president?

answer

four times

question

The Nazi Holocaust involved the slaughter of ________ people.

answer

6,000,000

question

What was the Manhattan Project?

answer

A top-secret program that developed the atom bomb

question

The United States dropped its first atom bomb on _______, killing 60,000 people.

answer

Hiroshima

question

President Truman's primary motive for using nuclear weapons against Japan was to:

answer

End the war as quickly as possible.

question

George Kennan's "containment" policy proposed:

answer

Efforts to stop the expansion of Russian control and communism.

question

What does the term "Iron Curtain" refer to?

answer

The separation between Soviet-dominated Europe and Western Europe.

question

The Truman Doctrine stated that American policy would be to:

answer

Support free peoples who were resisting the Soviet Union or its surrogates.

question

Why did the United States implement the Marshall Plan?

answer

To improve the Western European economy and stop the spread of communism

question

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO):

answer

Assured European countries that the United States would help defend them.

question

The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council include the following:

answer

Great Britain, France, Russia, China and the U.S.

question

What was the Berlin airlift?

answer

A military operation to bring supplies to troops and civilians in Soviet-controlled Berlin

question

How did U.S. intervention in China differ from its intervention in Korea?

answer

The U.S. extracted itself from the conflict when civil war broke out in China but sent troops to South Korea's aid.

question

What erroneous advice did General MacArthur give President Truman during the Korean War?

answer

MacArthur advised Truman to authorize an invasion of North Korea because he thought that China would not attack U.S. troops.

question

Joseph McCarthy led the crusade against alleged __________ in American government during the 1950s.

answer

Communists

question

What was Eisenhower's major campaign pledge?

answer

To end the Korean War

question

What was one effect of McCarthyism?

answer

A political and cultural conformity that discouraged dissent

question

What effect did postwar life have on women in American society?

answer

Many women who had joined the workforce during the war returned to the home to assume the more traditional roles of wife and mother.

question

The term "baby boom" refers to a significant increase in:

answer

The American birth rate.

question

Which was critical to life in the suburbs?

answer

The automobile

question

The first president to attempt seriously to alter the historic pattern of racial discrimination in the United States was:

answer

Harry Truman.

question

In Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation:

answer

Violated the 14th Amendment by creating feelings of inferiority and inequality.

question

Why did the government increase federal funding for science education in 1957?

answer

It was responding to the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik.

question

By 1960, what percentage of black children in the Deep South were attending schools with whites?

answer

Less than 1%

question

Who were the Little Rock Nine?

answer

Black students at a recently desegregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas

question

Martin Luther King, Jr. founded the ____________ to obtain civil rights for African Americans.

answer

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

question

What organization was formed in 1960 as a result of "sit-in" demonstrations?

answer

the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

question

By 1960, the most racially integrated institution in American society was:

answer

The armed forces.

question

What was one major factor that helped Kennedy defeat Nixon in the 1960 presidential election?

answer

Kennedy's performance in the first televised presidential debate.

question

What did President Kennedy do to help South Vietnam in 1961?

answer

He sent money and advisers.

question

Kennedy's failed 1961 covert operation to overthrow Cuba's Fidel Castro is called:

answer

the Bay of Pigs

question

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation that came very close to being a nuclear conflict between which two countries?

answer

the United States and Russia

question

John F. Kennedy played down civil rights legislation because he:

answer

Feared the possibility of alienating southern Democrats.

question

What was one of Lyndon Johnson's greatest assets in the White House?

answer

His ability to persuade Congress

question

Lyndon Johnson's main theme in the presidential election of 1964 was:

answer

Ending poverty in America.

question

When President Johnson managed to get Congress to pass Kennedy's proposed tax cut in 1964, the result was:

answer

A sustained economic boom.

question

Lyndon Johnson's reform program was called the:

answer

Great Society.

question

In his healthcare program, President Lyndon Johnson secured:

answer

the Medicare program for the elderly.

question

The foreign policy of Lyndon Johnson:

answer

Was, in many respects, simply a continuation of Kennedy's policies

question

What was the Watergate Scandal?

answer

President Nixon's attempts to hide his involvement in a break-in at the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee

question

Who was the first woman to be appointed to the United States Supreme Court?

answer

Sandra Day O'Connor

question

How did the new methods of production affect workers in the first years o the twentieth century?

answer

The new methods were largescale and mechanized, which made workers almost part of the machinery, endangered and bored.

question

This disaster forced state and national attention on working conditions in factories and stores.

answer

Triangle Shirtwaist fire

question

In the great coal strike of 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt:

answer

Essentially decided to support the coal miners

question

Immigrants to the United States in the early 1900's:

answer

Encountered considerable hostility from American nativists.

question

The Supreme Court's decision in the Northern Securities case:

answer

Paved the way for several other antitrust actions.

question

Upton Sinclair's novel, "The Jungle", led to the passage of the:

answer

Meat Inspection Act

question

In mediating the conflict between Russia and Japan, Roosevelt:

answer

Reconized the increasing importance of Japan.

question

In terms of foreign policy, Theodore Roosevelt:

answer

Sought to prepare the country for its role as a world power.

question

The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty:

answer

Gave the United States control of the Panama Canal Zone.

question

Why were business men, such as J.P. Morgan, glad to see Roosevelt leave the United States after his White House years?

answer

They were tired of his meddling in big business.

question

Taft's policy of "Dollar diplomacy":

answer

Promoted American financial and business interests abroad.

question

The Sixteenth amendment:

answer

Authorized an income tax.

question

Woodrow Wilson won the election of 1912 because:

answer

Of the split in the Republican Party.

question

The most important domestic law of Wilson's administration was the:

answer

Federal Reserve Act

question

In his approach to foreign affairs, Wilson could be described as:

answer

a Moralist

question

Woodrow Wilson's decision to invade Mexico in 1916 followed the murder of several Americans by:

answer

Pancho Villa

question

President Wilson's first reaction when war broke out in Europe in 1914 was to:

answer

Declare United States Neutrality

question

The German sinking of the ________ in 1915 cost 128 American lives and enraged the American public:

answer

Lusitania

question

In 1915, Wilson supported preparedness because of:

answer

The growing German U-boat crisis

question

How did U.S. neutrality in WW1 finally come to an end?

answer

Germany proposed an alliance with Mexico and sank five American ships in ten days.

question

The leader of the American Expeditionary Force was:

answer

John J. Pershing

question

A major effect of the labor shortage caused by the war was:

answer

A great migration of southern African Americans to northern cities.

question

The American contribution in WW1:

answer

although relatively small was vital to Allied success.

question

One of Wilson's major goals at the Paris Peace Conference was to:

answer

Found a League of Nations to enforce peace.

question

Wilson hurt his chances to get the Treaty of Versailles ratified:

answer

because he was unwilling to compromise with opponents.

question

What were the test of Wilson's "moral diplomacy"?

answer

The conflicts of Mexico and WW1 demonstrated that U.S. morality wouldn't keep militarism under control.

question

How did the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 change the course of the war?

answer

Russia dropped out of the war, so Germany could concentrate on fighting in the west.

question

The Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution provided for:

answer

Woman's suffrage

question

The revolution in consumer goods:

answer

Disguised the decline of many traditional industries.

question

The Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution provided for:

answer

Prohibition

question

The weakest area of the American economy in the 1920's was:

answer

Agriculture

question

The _______ symbolized the flowering of African American culture in the 1920's.

answer

Harlem Renaissance

question

During Pres. Coolidge's administration, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon pushed for:

answer

Lower personal taxes for the rich.

question

John Scopes was tried for:

answer

Teaching the theory of evolution in a Tennessee high school.

question

How did the advent of mass production change the lives of Americans in the early twentieth century?

answer

As a result, Americans attained the highest standard of living in the world.

question

Which group in American society benefited most from Prohibition?

answer

Those who benefited most were the ones who controlled the illegal production and sale of alcoholic beverages.

question

Each statement about the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920's is true EXCEPT:

answer

It admitted women so long as they were white, native-born Protestants.

question

Why id the KKK experience rapid growth during the decade of the 20s?

answer

The perception of eroding traditional values and the influx of foreigners led many to adopt extremist views such s those espoused by the KKK

question

How did the consumer-goods revolution contribute to the great crash of 1929?

answer

Because of the availability of durable goods that didn't need to bee regularly replaced, production outpaced demand, which led to wide-scale layoffs.

question

How did Americans respond to the bull market climate on the eve of the great crash in 1929?

answer

Wild optimism about the continued growth of the stock market led Americans to engage in speculative investing practices.

question

Hoover's response to the Depression could best be described as:

answer

Restrained and cautious.

question

Which of FDR's actions ended the immediate financial crisis of the 1930's?

answer

Roosevelt's Works Progress Administration spent nearly $5 billion in emergency government relief.

question

Roosevelt's Hundred Days banking legislation was designed to:

answer

Support strong banks and eliminate the weaker ones.

question

During the Hundred Days, Roosevelt did all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

Propose government ownership of major industries.

question

The National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act:

answer

Granted workers the right to organize and collectively bargain.

question

Despite the New Deal, __________ were the country's most impoverished citizens.

answer

Native Americans

question

Young men were hired to clear land, plant trees, build bridges and fish ponds by the:

answer

Civilian Conservation Corps.

question

How did the Roosevelt administration finally deal with the problem of agricultural overproduction?

answer

It set production limits for leading crops and paid farmers subsidies.

question

What role did FDR play in the shifting of African American political affiliation from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party?

answer

FDR appointed African Americans to high-ranking positions and criticized racial discrimination.

question

How might FDR's personal background have prepared him to meet the challenges of the Great Depression?

answer

His bout with polio gave him personal experience of suffering and made him more sensitive to the downtrodden of society.

STUDY

East And West Geography of Europe North America North And South America Social Studies South America World History And Geography

Europe Lesson 1-3 – Flashcards 43 terms

Jill Lopez

43 terms

Preview

Europe Lesson 1-3 – Flashcards

question

Continent east of Europe

answer

The Mediterranean

question

Continent south of Europe

answer

Turkey

question

Ocean west of Europe

answer

Atlantic

question

Ocean north of Europe

answer

Artic

question

What sea separate Europe from Africa

answer

The Mediterranean

question

What are the two mountains ranges that separate Europe from Asia

answer

The Caucus and then Ural mountains

question

Which mountain range is south central Europe lies just north of the Italian peninsula

answer

The alps

question

There are three peninsulas in Southern Europe

answer

1) Iberian wich is bordered by the mediteranean sea, the Atlantic Ocean and the bay of Biscay 2)The country of Italy 3)The Balkan Peninsula is west of the Black Sea.

question

The capital of Italy is

answer

Rome

question

The capital of Russia is

answer

Moscow

question

The capital of Spain

answer

Madrid

question

The capital of Sweden is

answer

Stockholm

question

The capital of United Kingdom is

answer

London

question

What country borders Spain to the west

answer

Portugal

question

What is the island country west of the United Kingdom

answer

Ireland

question

What country is south of Macedonia

answer

Greece

question

What country shares borders with both Poland and France

answer

Germany

question

Which island country is near the Arctic circle

answer

Greenland and Iceland

question

What country shares borders with both Belarus and Romania

answer

Ukrain

question

What country lies between Croatia and Serbia

answer

Bosnia and Herzegovina

question

What country borders Latvia to the north

answer

Estonia

question

What country borders Bulgaria and is also partly in Asia

answer

Turkey

question

Which three countries shares a vast northern peninsula with Russia

answer

Norway ,Sweden and Finland

question

Which three countries are in both Europe and Asia

answer

Russia , Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan

question

Which German city below is the largest

answer

Munich

question

Which two countries below are on the Adriatic Sea

answer

Italy and Croatia

question

About how many miles is Warsaw, Poland from Berlin ,Germany

answer

About 300 mile

question

What river flows through Frankfurt ,Germany

answer

Main river

question

What river forms part of the border between Germany and France

answer

Rhine

question

What river forms the southern boundary of Romania

answer

Danube

question

What river flows across southern Ukraine

answer

Dniester river

question

Which country has the most people per car

answer

Russia

question

Which country has the fewest people per car

answer

Italy

question

Does the United Kingdom have more people per car than the United States

answer

Yes

question

Southwest Europe has fewer remaining forest than

answer

North Europe

question

European forest were cut down for farm land and to provide timber for ships and charcoal for industry

answer

True

question

What is the purpose of the European Union

answer

To encourage prosperity, security and cooperation

question

The Western Europe is more populated

answer

True

question

What percent of Portugal's population lives in cities

answer

56%

question

What percentage of Germany's population lives in rural areas

answer

12%

question

Do more people in Germany or in Portugal live in cities

answer

Germany

question

What are the two largest island on the United Kingdom

answer

England ,Ireland and Great Britain

question

What is the capital of Puerto Rico

answer

Hijugs

STUDY

Earth Science East And West Sunrise And Sunset

Topographic Map – Flashcards 31 terms

Elizabeth Mcdonald

31 terms

Preview

Topographic Map – Flashcards

question

these are horizontal mapping lines on the Earth known as "parallels" of (blank) due to the fact that they run parallel to the equator.

answer

latitude

question

these degrees of lines are measured north or south of the equator up to 90 degrees "...." at either pole

answer

latitude

question

these mapping lines divide the globe into two hemispheres: the Northern and Southern Hemisphere

answer

latitude

question

these are vertical mapping lines on the Earth that are know as "meridians"

answer

longitude

question

these mapping lines are a numerical way in which we can measure how far a location is east or west of the Prime Meridian

answer

longitude

question

this is a vertical line that runs north and south over the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich England

answer

the prime meridian

question

this is numbered 0 degrees and is the starting point for which all other longitude lines are measured from east or west of it

answer

the prime meridian

question

what is the map scale?

answer

1:24,000

question

1 inch on map is equal to how many inches on the earth?

answer

24,000 inches

question

a two dimensional representation of a three dimensional geologic feature

answer

Topographic Map

question

these are lines of equal elevation which infer the third dimension on a two dimensional map

answer

Contour Lines

question

this is the space between contour lines which represents the differences in elevation

answer

Contour Interval

question

a type of data from topographic maps which explains the total difference in elevation that is shown on a map

answer

Relief

question

this is the slope of a given area of a map which divides the rise (elevation = vertical component) by the run (distance = horizontal component)

answer

gradient

question

this is know as the run which is used to calculate the gradient of a map (slope) -it is the horizontal component of the map

answer

distance

question

this is known as the rise used to calculate the gradient of a map (slope) - it is the vertical component of the map

answer

elevation

question

this is a position of known elevation

answer

benchmark

question

do contours connect areas with the same or different elevation on a map?

answer

same

question

contour line's "V" up when a river is traveling....

answer

upstream

question

the "V" of contour lines opens when a river is traveling....

answer

downstream

question

this is the difference between Geographic ("True North") and Magnetic North - this is very important when navigating with a map and compass

answer

Magnetic Declination

question

this was created because Earth's magnetic north pole is not centered on the geographic north pole

answer

Magnetic Declination

question

these are vertical cuts of geologic features, which depict elevations and slopes along a given line

answer

cross sections

question

this is the calculated difference between the map scale and the cross-section scale

answer

Vertical exaggeration

question

the angle on the horizontal plane between magnetic north (the direction the north end of a compass needle points, corresponding to the direction of the Earth's magnetic field lines) and true north (the direction along a meridian towards the geographic North Pole).

answer

magnetic declination

question

how to you calculate vertical exaggeration?

answer

horizontal scale/ vertical scale

question

a section of Earth's surface that is bounded by lines of latitude at the top (north) and bottom (south) and by lines of longitude on the left (west) and right (east)

answer

quadrangle

question

what does the symbol of declination loo like on the map?

answer

a trident shaped symbol

question

the difference in degrees between compass north (magnetic north) and true north

answer

declination

question

circles with hashmarks on a topo map represent

answer

depression contours

question

a concentric series of closed contours represents what?

answer

a hill

STUDY

Central America East And West

Geography Terminology – Flashcards 21 terms

Ewan Tanner

21 terms

Preview

Geography Terminology – Flashcards

question

archipelago

answer

Either a group of islands or a body of water that has many islands in it. The Hawaiian Islands; the Aegean Sea off the coast of Greece.

question

atoll

answer

A circular coral island that encloses a lagoon. Atolls are usually formed on top of submerged volcanoes. Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands of the Pacific Ocean, a US atomic test site.

question

bay

answer

A body of water that penetrates a coastline. It is generally wider in the middle. It is usually smaller than a gulf, but larger than a cove. Delawared and Chaseapeake Bays.

question

canyon

answer

A deep, narrow depression in the earth's surface, often having a river running through it. Canyons are also known as gorges. Ravines are not quite as deep. The Grand Canyon in Northwest Arizona.

question

cape

answer

A point of land extending into the sea. It is ususally smaller than a peninsula. A mountainous cape is called a promotory or a headland. The Cape of Good Hope off the South African coast.

question

continental divide

answer

The highest point of a continent, from which the direction of river flow is determined. The Great Divide is the name given to the crest of the Rocky Mountains, which sends rivers east and west.

question

delta

answer

The triangular-shaped land found at the mouth of some large rivers. So much soil is ransported by the river that the coastal waters cannot washi ti all away. The Nile Delta on the Mediterranean Sea.

question

estuary

answer

An ocean inlet that merges with the mouth of a river. The estuary's salinity varies accourding to river flwo and ocean tides. The Rio de la Plata separating Argentina from Uruguay.

question

fjord

answer

A narrow winding ocean inlet that penetrates a coastal mountain range. The steep cliffs that line its route make a fjord (fiord) one of nature's grandest sights. Norway's Sogne Fjord is the world's longest.

question

glacier

answer

A river of ice, moving slowly down a mountain sloped or outward from its central mass. It stops where the leading edge melts faster than the forward rate of movement. Vatnajökull in Iceland is Europe's largest.

question

gulf

answer

A part of an ocean or sea that is partially enclosed by a curving coastline. A more fully enclosed body of salt water could be called a sea. The Gulf of Mexico.

question

headwaters

answer

Upper river springs, streams, and tributaries. Headwaters can refer to continental divides or watersheds. Watershed also describes a region drained by a river. The Alps have been called the headwaters of Europe.

question

island

answer

A body of land completely surrounded by water. It is smaller than a continent but larger than a cay, a key, or certainly a large rock. Greenland is the world's largest island.

question

lagoon

answer

A small body of water separated from the larger sea by a barrier of sand or coral reefs. It can either be adjacent to a coastline or surrounded by an atoll. Mirim Lagoon off the coast of Brazil.

question

isthmus

answer

A narrow strip of land, with water on both sides, that connects two larger land masses. The Isthmus of Panama connects Central America and South America.

question

mesa

answer

A tall, flat-topped mountain with steep verticle sides. Erosion-resistant mesas are left standing after all else has gone. Buttes are small mesas. Monument Valley in Utah has 1,000 ft. (305m) mesas.

question

ocean currents

answer

Ocean stream that are propelled by prevailing winds and earth rotation. They flow clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise below the equator. The Atlantic's Gulf Steam.

question

peninsula

answer

A mass of land almost entirely surrounded by water. It is usually connected to the mainland by a narrow neck. The Iberian Peninsula in Europe, home to Spain and Portugal.

question

plateau

answer

A broad expanse of generally high and flat land, also called tableland. Plateaus can rise up from a lower area, or can be level regions within a mountain range. Most of Spain is the Meseta Plateau.

question

reef

answer

A narrow, low ridge of rock, or more commonly coral, that is connected to a coast (fringing reef) or lise off a cosat (barrier reef). The Great Barrier Reef, off the northeast coast of Australia.

question

strait

answer

A narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water. A channel is wider than a strait. If it is shallow, it is called a sound. The English Channel becomes narrower at the Strait of Dover.

STUDY

Cold And Wet East And West Social Studies United States World Geography Year After Year

Washington State Land Regions & Geography Quiz Review Grade 4 – Flashcards 24 terms

Tilly Wilkinson

24 terms

Preview

Washington State Land Regions & Geography Quiz Review Grade 4 – Flashcards

question

Washington State's Five Land Regions

answer

question

Washington State's Five Land Regions

answer

Washington State is divided into five regions, based on natural land features. These regions are: the Coast, the Puget Sound Lowlands, the Cascade Range, the Columbia Plateau and the Okanogan Highlands.

question

Coastal Range

answer

question

Coastal Range

answer

The western-most land region of Washington State. This region includes the Olympic Mountains and the Pacific coast. The industries include fishing and timber.. Many of the small towns here rely on tourism (people visiting for a vacation).

question

Western Lowlands

answer

question

Western Lowlands

answer

The sea-level and foothill region around the Puget Sound. This region is where most of the people in Washington State live. Major industries include aerospace (Boeing) and software (Microsoft).

question

Cascade Mountain Range

answer

question

Cascade Mountain Range

answer

The volcanic mountain region that ranges from Canada to Oregon, and divides Washington between east and west. The most famous mountains include Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Baker.

question

Columbia Plateau

answer

question

Columbia Plateau

answer

This large region makes up most of eastern Washington. The largest city in this region is Spokane, and lots of farming is done here. Major crops include wheat, apples, cherries and grapes.

question

Okanogan Highlands

answer

question

Okanogan Highlands

answer

This region, also called the Rocky Mountain Region, in the northeast corner of Washington State is made up of the steep foothills of the Rocky Mountain range. People here rely on ranching (raising cattle), farming, and mining.

question

county

answer

a small region in a state, Washington has 39

question

natural resource

answer

things found in nature that people use

question

conservation

answer

using natural resources wisely

question

precipitation

answer

water that falls to earth as rain or snow

question

climate

answer

what the weather is like year after year

question

elevation

answer

how high the land is above the level of the ocean

question

habitat

answer

a natural place where plants and animals live together

question

plateau

answer

a large raised area of mostly flat land with mountains around it

question

mountain

answer

a very high land formation

question

hills/highland

answer

a hilly area, often near mountains

question

peninsula

answer

land that has water on three sides

question

island

answer

land completely surrounded by water

STUDY

Astronomy Average Distance From The Sun Earth Science East And West Lines Near The Top North Celestial Pole

Earth science regents review – Flashcards 57 terms

Anthony Richie

57 terms

Preview

Earth science regents review – Flashcards

question

The latitude of polaris is equal to...

answer

the latitude you're at. *ONLY IF YOU'RE AT NORTH LATITUDE

question

Zenith

answer

the highest point; the peak. Directly above you

question

International dateline

answer

180 degrees longitude

question

Magma

answer

Molten rock beneath the Earth's surface

question

Lava

answer

Magma or molten rock that reaches Earth's surface.

question

Large crystals in igneous rocks mean..

answer

The molten rock cooled very slowly, giving the crystals time to form.

question

What happens when dewpoint and temperature are very close together or the same?

answer

It will rain

question

Occluded front

answer

A warm front that's overtaken by a cold front.

question

High pressure system

answer

Achoc; Anti-cyclone,highpressure, outward and clockwise movement.

question

Low pressure system

answer

Clicc; Cyclone, lowpressure, inward and counterclockwise movement.

question

coriolis effect

answer

The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left.

question

Clastic

answer

capable of being taken apart

question

Bioclastic

answer

sedimentary rocks that are formed by living things

question

Plutonic

answer

Igneous rock that has solidified beneath the earth's surface

question

Crystalline sedimentary rock

answer

Sedimentary rocks that form by precipitation

question

Extrusion

answer

lava that hardens on the surface.

question

What does a mineral's internal arrangement of atoms determine?

answer

It's physical properties or how it looks.

question

Specific gravity

answer

the density of a substance relative to the density of water

question

foucault pendulum

answer

instrument that proved that the earth rotates

question

Proof of earth's rotation is shown by

answer

The change in direction of the swing of the Foucault Pendulum and the Coriolis Effect.

question

Coriolis effect

answer

The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left.

question

Nuclear fusion

answer

a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy. Creates stars

question

Radioactive decay

answer

the breakdown of a radioactive element, releasing particles and energy

question

As Earth travles in it's orbit, Earth's axis

answer

Remains parallel to itself at all earth positions.

question

Earth's axis

answer

an imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth from the North pole to the South Pole

question

How fast does earth move?

answer

15 degrees per hour

question

In new york, day light increases continuously from

answer

March 1st to May 1st

question

Air pressure usually drops when

answer

Wind speed increases, clouds thicken and visibility drops.

question

Igneous rocks that form deep underground for a long time usually have what kind of texture?

answer

Coarse-grained. Large crystals form, they take many years.

question

Jet stream

answer

a high-speed high-altitude airstream blowing from west to east near the top of the troposphere

question

Earth's revolution

answer

is the movement of earth around the sun

question

isotope

answer

one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons

question

Revolution

answer

the movement of an object around another object

question

Eccentricity

answer

The measurement of the flatness of an ellipse.

question

Perihelion

answer

Point in orbit closest to the sun

question

Aphelion

answer

The point in orbit furthest from the sun

question

Tides

answer

The rising and falling of the oceans surface

question

What causes a change in tides?

answer

The gravitational pull between the changing positions of the Moon and the Sun relative to earth, Causes the different hights in ocean water

question

When does a Lunar Eclipse happen?

answer

When the moon moves into earth's shadow.

question

When does a solar eclipse happen?

answer

When the moons shadow moves over earth's surface

question

New moon

answer

the time at which the moon appears as a narrow waxing crescent

question

Nebula

answer

A cloud of dust; Hydrogen and Plasma

question

Changing constellations proof of Earth's revolution

answer

The constellations change throughout the year, this is proff the earth revolves around the sun

question

Density

answer

1. The same substance had the same density 2. Pressure increases, density increases 3. Temperature increases, density decreases. (Think of boiling water. The hotter the water, the more evaporation happens. Gas is not dense) 4. Water expands when it freezes. 5. Water is most dense at 4*C as a liquid.

question

Changes in the environment tend to be...

answer

Cyclic. Not changing. Staying in a cycle

question

What is the true shape of the earth?

answer

Oblate spheroid. Flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator.

question

Best evidence for earth's shape?

answer

Pictures from space.

question

How does the earth rotate?

answer

On its axis from west to east.

question

How does the earth revolve?

answer

Around the sun, counterclockwise.

question

1/2 of the moon is always lit by the sun

answer

...

question

How long does it take for the moon to complete its cycle?

answer

About 29 days or one month

question

Winter Solstice

answer

December 21st Shortest day of the year.

question

Equinox

answer

Equal day and night. Happens in september and march

question

Conduction

answer

Energy transfer through molecular collision

question

Convection

answer

Energy transfer through differences in density

question

Radiation

answer

Energy transfer through space

question

On june 21st in new york, whats the position of the sun as it rises and sets?

answer

The sun rises north of due east and sets north of due west.

STUDY

Dutch Dutch West India Company East And West

The Middle Colonies – Flashcards 19 terms

Daphne Armenta

19 terms

Preview

The Middle Colonies – Flashcards

question

Patroon

answer

A landowner who had certain privileges under the former Dutch government of New York. A patroon usually owned a large amount of land.

question

Proprietary Colony

answer

Belonging to a proprietor; owned by a private person.

question

Peter Stuyvesant

answer

New Netherlands governor who refused to surrender to England.

question

Took New Netherlands without firing a shot.

answer

Duke of York.

question

Established a fur-trading post at Fort-Orange

answer

Dutch West India Company

question

Why was England irritated with New Netherland?

answer

It was the center of illegal trade.

question

The chief occupation of the Dutch in New Netherland was:

answer

The fur trade

question

What is not true of the Quakers?

answer

Quakers were loyal to the Church of England.

question

What is true of the Quakers?

answer

Lord John Berkeley sold land in New Jersey to the Quakers. Quakers were excluded from government in England.

question

Why were many settlers attracted to the New Jersey colony?

answer

Many sought the political and religious freedoms in the colony.

question

Eventually East and West Jersey were reunited as a single colony under the control of the kind of England.

answer

True.

question

Most successful proprietary colony

answer

Pennsylvania

question

Quakers

answer

Also knows as the society of friends.

question

William Penn

answer

Founded Pennsylvania

question

Philadelphia is the

answer

Capital of Pennsylvania

question

The settlers in Pennsylvania were on constant alert for Indian attacks.

answer

False.

question

Which colony was first settled by he swedes and than the Dutch?

answer

Delaware.

question

Why did Penn purchase Delaware?

answer

He wanted an outlet to the sea for trade.

question

The last colony to own Delaware was

answer

Pennsylvania

STUDY

East And West International Date Line Longitude And Latitude North And South Poles Sunrise And Sunset World Geography

Oceanography Terms – Flashcards 85 terms

Lewis Edwards

85 terms

Preview

Oceanography Terms – Flashcards

question

Another name for Latitude lines

answer

Parallels

question

Another name for Longitude lines

answer

Meridians

question

Prime Meridian

answer

0 degrees

question

International Dateline

answer

180 degrees

question

Define: Heading

answer

Direction you are actually going

question

Define: Bearing

answer

Direction your destination lies in relation to your starting point

question

How many nautical miles are in 1 degree?

answer

60 nautical miles

question

How many statute miles are in 1 nautical mile?

answer

1.15 statute miles

question

What is bathymetry?

answer

Measurement and topography of sea floor

question

What are soundings?

answer

Depth measurement

question

How do you find depth?

answer

Reflection time/2 X Velocity

question

The region between the coastline and 200 meters depth is called the...

answer

Continental Shelf

question

The region between 200 meters depth and the deep ocean is called the...

answer

Continental Slope

question

What shows bathymetry from above?

answer

Contour maps

question

What shows bathymetry in a cross section along a horizontal line across the ocean floor?

answer

Vertical depth profiles

question

What are isobaths

answer

LInes of constant depth

question

How do you find slope?

answer

Depth at point A - Depth at point B/ distance between points A and B

question

Name the layers from the earth

answer

Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core

question

Give an example of a convergent boundary

answer

Himalayas

question

Give an example of a Divergent boundary

answer

Red Sea

question

Give an example of a Transform boundary

answer

Coast of California

question

How are Island Chains formed?

answer

When plates move over hot spots

question

What is a beach?

answer

Where rivers deposit sand and sediments

question

What did Alfred Wegener propose

answer

that the continents had been a super continent called Pangaea

question

What is the weak, liquid layer of the Earth called?

answer

Asthenosphere

question

What is the overlying upper mantle and the crust together called?

answer

Lithosphere

question

What is the strongest layer; the lower mantle called?

answer

Mesosphere

question

These are made from constructive boundaries and have volcanic activity

answer

mid-ocean ridges

question

When the overriding plate is oceanic, this is formed

answer

island arc

question

Plumes of magma that originate deep in the mantle

answer

hot spots

question

What are fracture zones?

answer

Remnants of old transform faults

question

What is the swash zone?

answer

The region of the beachface that is wetted by wave runup

question

What is sorting?

answer

Separating particles of zand by size

question

What is the conventional means of determining grain size of sand?

answer

Dry sieving

question

Terrigenous came from

answer

rocks

question

biogenous came from

answer

organisms

question

hydrogenous came from

answer

water

question

cosmogenous came from

answer

space

question

well-sorted sand is?

answer

same sized particles

question

poorly-sorted sand is?

answer

made up of various sizes of particles

question

Why are coarse sands found at the swash zone instead of at the base of the dune?

answer

They are too heavy to be carried by winds to the base of the dune

question

How do jetties benefit people who use the harbor?

answer

They prevent sand from building up in the harbor

question

Where temperature changes rapidly with depth

answer

Thermocline

question

Where salinity changes rapidly with depth

answer

Halocline

question

What is the measurement of mass of a substance per unit volume

answer

Density

question

In winter the water column is...

answer

uniform

question

The uniform zone is called the...

answer

mixed layer

question

During summer the water column is...

answer

stratified

question

What affects density?

answer

Temperature Salinity

question

We measure salinity using a

answer

refractometer

question

We measure density using a

answer

hydrometer

question

What decreases the salinity of water?

answer

Precipitation River inflow Ice melting

question

What would increase the salinity of water?

answer

Evaporation

question

Why are ocean conveyor belts important?

answer

They keep the earth at a constant temperature

question

What is the Ekman Spiral

answer

The spiral created by waters that are shifting more to the right and changing in velocity each time the wind moves the water.

question

In the Ekman spiral, what is the water's change in direction called?

answer

The Coriolis effect

question

In the Northern Hemisphere, water currents are being deflected to the...

answer

right

question

In the Southern Hemisphere currents are being deflected to the...

answer

left

question

What causes spring tides to have such a large tidal range?

answer

The sun and the moon are lined up, causing their forces to join and pull in the same direction

question

Organisms that convert inorganic molecules into organic molecules are called

answer

autotrophs or primary producers

question

What is the velocity at which the wave form travels?

answer

Celerity

question

How do you find celerity?

answer

Wavelength/Period

question

An organism that produces oxygen is called

answer

autotroph

question

An organism that consumes oxygen is called

answer

heterotroph

question

Primary productivity can be measured in units of

answer

g C/L

question

What is the lowest level of classification?

answer

species

question

Name the order of taxonomy

answer

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

question

Plankton

answer

free floating

question

Nekton

answer

free swimming

question

Benthos

answer

Cling on to stuff

question

Meroplankton

answer

begins its life as a plankton but then transforms ex. crab

question

holoplankton

answer

remains a plankton its entire life ex. jellyfish

question

Give three examples of what nekton are

answer

1. able to swim 2. never autotrophs 3. able to eat plankton

question

example of jawless fish

answer

hagfish

question

example of jawed fish (chondrichthyes)

answer

shark

question

example of (osteichthyes)

answer

salmon

question

what are lateral lines used for

answer

sense pressure changes and water movement

question

what are the tube feet of a sea star used for?

answer

mobility feeding

question

what is the most abundant class of marine arthropods?

answer

crustaceaus

question

what means attached to the substrate

answer

sessile

question

what can produce both sperm and egg

answer

monoecious or hermaphrodite

question

either male or female

answer

dioecious

question

a fold of tissue that secretes the hard outer covering that protects the internal organs of most mollusks

answer

mantle

question

a long ribbon of teeth used to either scrape food off the substrate or drill holes into other organisms

answer

radula

question

in cnidarians, a stinging cell that is used to inject a toxin into prey

answer

namtocyst

STUDY

Circumference Of The Earth Earth Science East And West Oceanography

Geol 107 Oceanography USC – Flashcards 63 terms

Jamie Hutchinson

63 terms

Preview

Geol 107 Oceanography USC – Flashcards

question

who 'invented' oceanography?

answer

The Egyptians and Mesopotamian cultures were the first to invent oceanography Accumulation of knowledge at the Library of Alexandria, Egypt.

question

Eratosthenes

answer

Determined the circumference of the Earth using geometry (ca 230BC), put it at 40,000km

question

Magellan

answer

First to circumnavigate the world, died before the end

question

James Cook

answer

Voyages of sci. discovery. Outline of Pacific ocean, discovered new zealand, Australia, hawaiian islands. Made the first accurate maps of the ocean using the chronometer to determine longitude. First one with access to accurate sea clock.

question

Ben Franklin

answer

Discovered the golf stream.

question

The challenger

answer

modern expedition that found depths of the ocean, and how deep life could live

question

Formation of Earth

answer

It formed from the accumulation of dust and gases in space, called a nebulae, differentiation occurred.

question

Core

answer

made up of iron and nickel. Extremely hot

question

outer core

answer

dense viscous liquid

question

inner core

answer

solid dense rock, more dense than granite

question

mantle

answer

mainly oxygen, silicon, iron, magnesium. Layer beneath the crust.

question

mantle: lithosphere

answer

uppermost cool and rigid portion of the mantle, strong

question

mantle: athenosphere

answer

below the lithosphere, hot partially melted, weak

question

inner/lower mantle:

answer

hotter than both the lithosphere and athenosphere, but not fast moving because of high pressure, and high density

question

crust

answer

lightweight and brittle, consists of the oceanic crust(basalt), which is much thinner than the continental crust made of granite. Continental crust is thicker and less dense (floats on ocean)

question

How was the ocean formed?

answer

Came from degassing of the crust and mantle rocks, also from comet impacts. Large amounts of 40Ar, product of 40K radioactive decay. Hot vapors from the outgassing rocks and volcanic vents condensed into clouds. Rained for like 20 million years, but it was too hot so it was vaporized into clouds. Clouds finally cooled enough to form droplets and fell to the earth, only to be evaporated again. As time progressed earths surface cooled and the water began to accumulate into basins and seeped into the rocks. Deposited minerals into the rocks and formed the salty oceans.

question

How do we know the earth is layered?

answer

Seismic waves. P and S waves, p can go through liquid core, s cannot.

question

How does magnetism happen?

answer

movement of liquid metal in the molten outer core

question

Oceanography

answer

The scientific study of the Earth's oceans with the goal of understanding its processes and phenomena.

question

First Ocean Voyagers

answer

from Asia • to Papua New Guinea by 60,000 years ago • to Polynesia 4000 BC ‐ 1000 AD more recently..... • to Hawaii ~450 AD and other remote islands

question

Ptolemy

answer

(An Egyptian‐Greek) oriented charts placing N at the top, and dividing deg

question

Scientific Knowledge of the Oceans

answer

• 1925, German Meteor Expedition - First mapped areas of ocean floor using echo sounding • Post‐WWII - global maps of ocean floor - military interest in

question

Research Knowledge

answer

• A way of gathering of knowledge that is not individual, but universal. - observable and measurable by multiple humans - i.e. repeatable • Follows a protocol ‐ the Scientific Method

question

Belief Knowledge

answer

• Knowledge about the world is inherent and unique in each human being. - attained by individual revelation - a personal belief that is not observable by others. • "Feelings" as an example

question

What is peer‐review?

answer

• Scientific studies that are published in academic journals go through stringent peer review - Typically by 3 scientists with relevant expertise - Compare Industry reports (profit motive, no review)

question

Age of Our Solar System

answer

• Meteorites date to 4.567 Ga - left over bits from the time of solar system formation

question

Origin of Solar System

answer

• Solar nebula condenses from past exploded star - H is concentrated at the center and condenses enough to form our sun - Solar nebula rotates as it condenses - Protoplanets in

question

Formation of the Moon

answer

• Glancing blow by a Mars‐sized object ~4.5 Ga - Re‐melted some of both bodies - Involved primarily the mantles (not the cores) of each body • Moon rock chemistry points to this - Imparted more spin and tilt to the earth than would otherwise be expected

question

Origin of the Ocean 1: volcanoes

answer

• Volcanic H2O vapor outgassing from the Earth as it cooled • Current Volcanos emit: - H2O (water), 50‐60% - CO2 (carbon dioxide), 24% - SO2 (sulfur dioxide), 13% - "other", 3%

question

Origin of the Ocean 2: comets

answer

• Comets - ice and rock

question

Deepest part of the ocean

answer

11km

question

Key Observations from Earthquakes

answer

• Shallow earthquakes are associated with mid ocean ridges • Deep Earthquakes are only associated with trenches

question

abyssal plains

answer

avg 4km deep, relatively flat, comprised of old, dense ocean floor

question

Mid‐Ocean ridges

answer

- Long linear mountain chains - Occur in all oceans - Fractures perpendicular to ridges

question

active margins

answer

margins marked by trenches, subducting zones

question

seamounts

answer

submarine volcanoes also called guyots or atols

question

Sediment

answer

Material that settles to the bottom of a liquid

question

Law of Superposition

answer

Younger material is deposited on top of older material.

question

Clastic Sediments

answer

Clastic: little bits of rock - Terrigenous: material transported from continents ...later in the semester

question

Chemical Sediments

answer

Chemical: minerals precipitated from seawater 1. Abiotic (not shells) 2. Biotic (shells of organisms)

question

Abiotic

answer

Abiotic: chemicallyprecipitated,withoutlife • e.g., manganese nodules

question

Biotic

answer

Biotic: biologically precipitated • i.e., shells of organisms • Foraminifera • Coccothithophores • Diatoms • Radiolarians millions of skeletons make 'oozes' or ocean mud.

question

ccd

answer

snow line, caco3 does not accumulate below this line, because the water is colder, and dissolves CO2 faster, so it does not accumulate there

question

ocean sedimentation

answer

slow in the deep sea, because sediment is easily dissolved by cold water, faster above ccd line

question

water molecule

answer

polar molecule H20, hyrdrogen bonds are weak, but strong enough to result in surface tension

question

solution

answer

two or more components, with uniform molecular properties throughout solvent and solute, water to salt

question

mixture

answer

question

solution: solvent

answer

• Solvent (usually a liquid) is more abundant water is a good solvent

question

solution: solute

answer

• Solute (usually a solid or gas) is the less abundant component

question

SALINITY,

answer

• Salinity is the total quantity of dissolved inorganic solids in water - As salinity increases, freezing point decreases - As salinity increases, evaporation slows - As salinity increases, density increases

question

Sensible Heat

answer

- Heat carried by convection or conduction • temperature changes (it can be sensed) • Your hands heated near a fire. Your hands heated when you hold a wire in fire.

question

Latent Heat

answer

- A loss or gain of heat as water changes state • temp does not change during change of state

question

thermal intertia

answer

tendency to resist change in temperature, water has a high resistance to change in temperature

question

Upwelling

answer

- the vertical movement of water from depth moving up toward the surface.

question

Downwelling

answer

- the vertical movement of water from the surface, moving down (sinking)

question

Vertical mixing

answer

in the ocean is like a conveyor belt • downwelling in one area • upwelling in another • but most of the time it travels sideways

question

Density Change Mechanisms: Salinity

answer

• Add Fresh Water, salinity drops • rain • melting of ice • river (local only, not global) • Evaporate, salinity rises • Form Sea Ice, salinity rises • when seawater freezes, it makes "pure" ice and leaves the salts behind in the sea--left over water is saltier

question

North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW)

answer

• formed in the open North Atlantic by cooling of high salinity water • flows southward underneath the Gulf Stream • salty and cold

question

Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW)

answer

• formed adjacent to Antarctica by increasing salinity of cold water through ice formation • flows northward into all major ocean basins • salty and cold

question

Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)

answer

• Trade Wind Convergence - Zone of intense rainfall, storms - Migrates north and south with the seasons - Important for low latitude agriculture

question

Coriolis Effect Second Order Control on ATM Circ.

answer

• Fluids in motion are affected by Earth's rotation - Air masses move to the right in the northern hemisphere - Air masses move to the left in the southern hemisphere

question

three cells of air flow

answer

hadley cell ferrel cell polar cell

question

ocean v land heat retention

answer

continents cool and heat faster than ocean, ocean stays relatively the same temperature

STUDY

Cartography East And West Social Studies

Chapter 2 – Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship – Flashcards 33 terms

Misty Porter

33 terms

Preview

Chapter 2 – Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship – Flashcards

question

Hemisphere

answer

A "half-sphere" used to refer to one-half of the globe when divided into north, south, east, and west.

question

Latitude

answer

Imaginary lines that circle the Earth parallel to the Equator.

question

Longitude

answer

Imaginary lines that circle the Earth from pole to pole, measuring distance east to west.

question

Physical map

answer

A map that shows land and water features.

question

Political map

answer

A map that shows the names and borders of countries.

question

Special purpose map

answer

A map that shows themes or patterns such as climate, natural resources, or population.

question

Scale

answer

A measuring line that shows distance on the map.

question

Cardinal directions

answer

North, south, east, and west.

question

Choropleth

answer

A special purpose map that uses color to show population density.

question

Culture

answer

The set of beliefs, behaviors, and traits shared by a group of people.

question

Migration

answer

The movement of people from one place to settle in another place.

question

Projection

answer

A way of showing the round Earth on a flat map.

question

Entrepreneurship

answer

The act of running a business and taking on the risks of that business.

question

Supply

answer

The amount of a good or service that a producer wants to sell.

question

Demand

answer

The amount of something that a consumer wants to buy.

question

Scarcity

answer

The lack of a resource.

question

Opportunity cost

answer

What is given up, such as time or money, to make or buy something.

question

Traditional economy

answer

An economic system in which custom decides what people do, make, buy, and sell.

question

Command economy

answer

An economic system in which a central government decides what goods will be made and who will receive them.

question

Recession

answer

A period of slow economic growth, or decline.

question

Inflation

answer

A continued rise in prices or the supply of money.

question

Exports

answer

A good sent from one country to another in trade.

question

Imports

answer

A good brought into a country from another country.

question

Barter

answer

To trade by exchanging one good or service for another.

question

Globalization

answer

The growth in free trade between countries.

question

Representative government

answer

Government in which citizens elect officials who govern.

question

Federal system

answer

Government which divides power between central and state governments.

question

Separation of powers

answer

The division of power among the branches of government.

question

Legislative

answer

Part of the government that passes laws.

question

Executive

answer

Part of the governments that enforces laws.

question

Judicial

answer

Part of the government that interprets the laws.

question

Capital

answer

Money and goods used to help people make or do things.

question

Checks and balances

answer

System in which each branch of government limits the power of another branch.

STUDY

AP World History Balance Of Power Catholics And Protestants East And West History of Europe Western Europe World History

Section 3 note taking study guide 10 terms

Jose Escobar

10 terms

Preview

Section 3 note taking study guide

question

Conflicts in Europe caused the split of ,..... And ......

answer

Catholics, Protestants

question

King Henry the 8th broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and \"............

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Set up a Protestant church

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Teachings and writings of ...... Influenced the Protestant church

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John Calvin

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............ the system in which colonies are there to make the home country rich

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Mercantilism

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Queen Mary 1 tried to restore the Roman Catholic Church in \".............\" But died before she could

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England

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........................... , a Protestant took the throne.

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Elizabeth the 1st

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In 1558 Phillip 2nd assembled 130 ships known as the ............

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Spanish Armada

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Phillip wanted .......... Of the throne

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Elizabeth the first

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Small .......... Defeated the Spanish Armada in combat

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English ships

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.......... Explored the North American coast, mabye as far

answer

John cabot

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