Atomic Structure Flashcards, test questions and answers

Question 1

Which scientist tested a theory of atomic structure using alpha particles and a sheet of gold foil?

Answer

Ernest Rutherford in 1911.
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Question 2

How did the idea about atomic structure begin?

Answer

Democritus – believes all matter was made from atomos
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Question 3

Minerals must be solid, have an orderly atomic structure, have a recognized chemical composition, be naturally occurring, and __________.

Answer

be generally inorganic in origin
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Question 4

The anatomic structure that provides a passageway for the female egg cell into the uterus is called the:

Answer

uterine, or fallopian, tube
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Question 5

Identify the major anatomic structures involved in velopharyngeal movement

Answer

Hard palate, premaxilla, soft palate, uvula, legator tensor palati, posterior pharyngeal wall, lateral pharyngeal wall
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Question 6

Atomic Structure is made up of…

Answer

Subatomic particles known as Protons, neutrons and electrons
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Question 7

2. Parkinson disease is the result of decreased levels of dopamine in the brain. However, these patients can’t take dopamine in drug form because the drug cannot reach the brain. What anatomic structure (at the cellular level and up) prevents the drug from reaching the brain? How could these same anatomic structures be beneficial to an individual under different circumstances?

Answer

The Nervous tissue is protected from the general circulation by the blood-brain barrier, which strictly regulates what substances can enter the interstitial fluid of the brain. The blood-brain barrier keeps the neurons in the brain from being exposed to drugs, waste products in the blood, and variations in levels of normal substances that could adversely affect brain function. The capillary endothelial cells, astrocyte perivascular feet and continuous basement membrane of the BBB are all significant barriers.The perivascular feet of astrocytes cover, wrap around, and completely envelop capillaries in the brain. Tight junctions between adjacent endothelial cells reduce capillary permeability and prevent materials from diffusing across the capillary wall. The astrocytes act as “gatekeepers” that permit materials to pass to the neurons after leaving the capillaries. The perivascular feet and the brain capillaries are the cellular structures that strictly controls what enters the nervous tissue and are less “leaky” then other cappilaries in the body. Even so, the barrier is not absolute. Usually only lipidsoluble (dissolvable in fat) compounds, such as nicotine, alcohol, and some anesthetics (very beneficial for people in critical condition and needs surgery), can diffuse across the endothelial plasma membranes and into the interstitial fluid of the CNS to reach the brain neurons. The blood-brain barrier is markedly reduced or missing in three distinct locations in the CNS: the choroid plexus, the hypothalamus, and the pineal gland. The reasons for this are that the capillaries of the choroid plexus must be permeable to produce CSF, while the hypothalamus and pineal gland produce some hormones that must have ready access to the bloodstream.
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Question 8

The movement of anatomic structures to produce speech sounds. the totality of motor processes involved in the planning and execution of speech

Answer

articulation
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Question 9

Atomic Structure of Carbon

Answer

Atomic Number = 6, Protons = 6, Electrons = 6, Atomic Weight = 12.0. Electrons in first energy level = 2; second energy level = 4.
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Question 10

What is located in the atomic structure of the nucleus?

Answer

Protons and neutrons
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