Before the colonialism era, people in pre-modern societies lived within a tightly-knit cultural system where they had limited contact with other groups that held differing values and beliefs. Within these societies, subjective truth prevailed and diverse perspectives were not recognized. One such example is the Batswana's belief in Badimo.
The transition to modern society started around the 17th century. Contributing factors to this modernization included the reformation, revival, rise of the modern European states, scientific revolution, French industrial revolution, and the emergence of mass urban societies. This transformation was driven by a series of culture shocks, as individuals discovered that the world could hold multiple perspectives. People were exposed to diverse cultures, leading to increased interaction and contact between different societies.
In an effort to reconcile diverse viewpoints, philosophers aimed to create a unified truth or explanation. When m
...ultiple perspectives existed within a society, those in authority often tried to suppress dissident thinkers. Missionaries sought to persuade or force these individuals to adopt the "correct" perception of reality. Philosophers strived to establish comprehensive frameworks of understanding that surpassed culturally influenced beliefs. The present time has witnessed clashes between religion and science, as well as political ideologies.
Although Christianity was not universally accepted, it played a significant role in the rise of postmodernism. In the colonial era, missionaries aimed to convert Batswana to Christianity and replace traditional initiation schools with formal education. However, while some individuals embraced Christianity, others remained loyal to their traditional beliefs (Anderson, 1995).
Emerging during the cold war, postmodernism has maintained its influence in contemporary times. It gained significant popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, as individuals were exposed to divers
perspectives and beliefs. This period allowed people the liberty to select their own religion and worship their preferred deity. Postmodernism disrupted the prior dominance of modernism by embracing diversity and rejecting exclusive theoretical claims.
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