Pivot-point chapter 5 Chemistry – Flashcards
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the scientific study of matter and the physical changes in matter is called?
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chemistry
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how many different forms of matter are there?
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3
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matter with definite weight, volume, and shape, such as your leather shoes, is which form of matter?
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solid matter
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melting an ice cube would be an example of a ?
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physical change
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a change in a substance that creates a new substance w properties or characteristics different from the original?
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chemical change
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what form of matter is hair?
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Solid
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Which of these following activities is NOT an example of a physical change?
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rusting nail
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All matter that is living or once was living contains carbon and deals with?
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organic chemistry
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Everything that is alive or was once alive contains?
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carbon
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The study of minerals would involve?
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inorganic chemistry
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The smallest complete unit of an element is?
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atom
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within an atom, protons, and neutrons are found in the
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nucleus
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the atom number of an atom indicates the number of what in the nucleus
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protons plus neutrons
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the shell of an atom consists of
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electrons
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the molecule formed when different elements are joined together chemically is called?
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compound
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carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen are elements found in
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amino acids
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amino acids join together to become
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proteins
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hair is an example of
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form of protein
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hair is primarily composed of
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keratin
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the backbone of all protein molecules is the
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amino acids
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what type of bonds are individually weak
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hydrogen bond and salt bond
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the most important side bond a cosmetologist is concerned with is the
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disulfied bond
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an example of a chemical change is
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perming
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the PH measurement scale indicates whether a substance is
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acidic, neutral, or alkaline
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substances of acidic and alkaline nature dissolve in water/ or carbon
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water
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a substance with the PH of 6 would be
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acidic
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a PH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a PH of 6
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10 x
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the PH of skin, hair, and scalp is in which of the following ranges
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4.5-5.5
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all of the following statements regarding PH are true EXCEPT
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a solution is acidic if it has more negative hydroxide ions
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distilled water with the PH of 7 is
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neutral
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most shampoos and conditioners are acid-balanced to what range of the PH scale
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4.5-5.5
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what defines cosmetics as articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting, attractiveness or altering appearance
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OSHA
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how many general classifications are assigned to categorize cosmetics used in the cosmetology industry
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6
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a mixture of 2 or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed would a(n)
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suspension
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water is considered to be a universal solvent because it is
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capable of dissolving more substances then any other solvent
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which bonds found in hair can easily be broken by heat or water
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hydrogen bonds and salt bonds
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a substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called:
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solute
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which of the following terms means non-mixable
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immisible
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what is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance
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filtration
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cleaning the hair and scalp and removing foreign matter without adversly affecting either the scalp or hair is called
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shampooing
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which of the following statements about surfactants is NOT true
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prevents shampoo from lathering
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if water contains certain salts of calcium, magnesium and other metals it is classified as
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hard water
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temporary colors are
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non reactive and last til they are shampooed out
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semi-permant colors
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last through several shampoos and are slightly alkaline in PH
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long lasting semi permanant colors ar
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referred to as demi permanent using a low volume developer. This does NOT lift or lighten the color
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permanent colors are
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sometimes referred to as oxidative with ammonia. It is the combination of ammonia and peroxide that is responsible for permanent colors ability to both lighten the hairs natural color and deposit the artificial color
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what occurs during oxidation
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the process of combining oxygen with other chemical ingrediants
