Earth Science: The Physical Setting
Earth Science: The Physical Setting
1st Edition
Jeffrey C. Callister
ISBN: 9780133200409
Textbook solutions

All Solutions

Page 155: Practice Questions

Exercise 1
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Exercise 2
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Exercise 3
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Exercise 4
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Exercise 5
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Exercise 6
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Exercise 7
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 9
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Exercise 10
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Exercise 11
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Exercise 12
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Exercise 13
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Exercise 14
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Exercise 15
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Exercise 16
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Exercise 17
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Exercise 18
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3
Exercise 19
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Exercise 20
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From 6 A.M To 3 P.M
Exercise 21
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as air temperature increases, relative humidity decreases, or as air temperature decreases, relative humidity increases.
Exercise 22
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at 6 A.M
Exercise 23
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cloud cover increases as the front approaches, it decreases after the front passes.
Exercise 24
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barometric pressure increases as the front passes.
Exercise 25
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temperature decreases as the front passes.
Exercise 26
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mT is pushed up by cP. mT rises over cP. cP moves under mT. collision of air masses forces air to rise and cool below the dew point.
Exercise 27
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Exercise scan
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click to show the answer.
Exercise 28
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partly cloud or mostly sunny; 25% cloud cover or 75% clear.
Exercise 29
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it is snowing at the 102nd floor because the clouds are cold enough to produce snow and the air at this height is not warm enough to melt the snow. at the 50th floor the air must be warm enough to melt the snow, changing it into rain. there is no precipitation at street level because the rain must have evaporated between the 50th floor and street level.
Exercise 30
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freezing rain would strike the sidewalk.
Exercise 31
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the statement is incorrect because the empire state building is 1250 feet tall and since New York city is near sea level the building is about 1250 feet above sea level. according to the earth science reference tables, the stratosphere starts at an elevation of 39,600 feet, thus the top of the empire state building is in the troposphere , not the stratosphere.
Exercise 32
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1- Air density would decrease from the bottom to the top of the empire state building.
2- Temperature would decrease from the bottom to the top of the empire state building.
3- Wind speed would increase from the bottom to the top of the empire state building.
Exercise 33
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The cross section below shows where the air pressure is relatively high and where it is relatively low during the night.
![‘slader’](https://slader-solution-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/96e767ba-ca7a-4f43-81b8-52e47664ef3c-1624859238654302.png)
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Water bodies tend to change temperature very slowly as compared in land. At night, over the ocean, warmer water creates less dense warm air and low pressure, leading to a thermal imbalance. And the colder temperatures over land create more dense, high-pressure sinking air.
Exercise 34
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The cross section below shows where the air pressure is relatively high and where it is relatively low during the night.
![‘slader’](https://slader-solution-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/8bd2bb92-1713-4951-81c5-eba72eb79624-1624775603484798.png)
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During the night, land cools off quickly and the surface of the ocean is kept warmer.
Exercise 35
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The eye of Hurricane Andrew can be seen in the map to be between the latitude 20$^circ$N and 30$^circ$N, and between the longitude 70$^circ$W and 80$^circ$W. We can approximate the location of the eye of the hurrican e to be in the following coordinates.
Latitude: 25$^circ$N
Longitude: 75$^circ$W
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25$^circ$N 75$^circ$W
Exercise 36
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Hurricane clouds from water vapor when cool air reaches the dewpoint. The dewpoint is the temperature where air must be cooled to become saturated with water vapor. When the air is further cooled beyond dewpoint, the water vapor in the air will form hurricane clouds and condense to liquid water.
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Water vapor reaches dewpoint to form hurricane clouds and condense to liquid water
Exercise 37
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Hurricane clouds are formed when air contains as much water vapor as it can hold. As the air cools to reach the dewpoint, or the temperature where the clouds are unable to hold any more water, the water condenses.
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Water vapor accumulates in the air and eventually reach a certain temperature called dewpoint, where the water vapor condenses into liquid water.
Exercise 38
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The warm temperature causes the ocean water to evaporate that fuels the velocity of a hurricane. The wind velocity of a hurricane usually decreases when the hurricane moves over a land surface because dry land surfaces do not provide moisture or water vapor.
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The velocity of hurricanes rapidly decrease significantly when it moves over a land surface because the temperature is cooler and does not provide moisture.
Exercise 39
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(a) Storm surge and flooding are two dangerous conditions that cause human fatalities when hurricane strikes the coast.
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(b) One emergency preparation humans could take to avoid problems caused by these dangerous conditions is to prepare an emergency evacuation plan together with emergency supplies such as food and clothing.
Exercise 40
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The geographic region that was most likely the source of the warm, moist (mT) air mass is located over the water in the diagonally lined area, marked by ‘X’
![‘slader’](https://slader-solution-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/130663b8-9044-42cc-8ef9-49437ee6b3d6-1624778797259997.png)
Exercise 41
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The area covered with blue diagonal lines is the geographic region that was most likely the source of warm, moist (mT) air mass. The cold front is moving to the southeast towards the warm, moist (mT) air mass.
![‘slader’](https://slader-solution-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/dbb96678-b394-44a5-955e-0db8dc2107fd-1624868564580371.png)
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