In this exercise, we must read the sentences and fill in the blanks with the verbs in parentheses in the correct verb form.

1. This sentence reads: *Martin __________ (went / was going) to Seville in April.*

To know which is the correct verb form, we must remember in which occasions we use the past tense and in which occasions we use the imperfect.
In this case, since we are talking about a specific occasion (April), we must use the preterite. Therefore, we must select **fue**.

2. This sentence reads: *He _________ (had / had) really wanted to know that city.*

In this case, since we are talking about Martin’s desire to know Seville, we must use the imperfect to set the scene. For this, we must select **tenía**.

3. This sentence reads: *____________ (Was / Was) very happy and ____________ (seemed / seemed) a dream to be there.*

In both cases, we are describing the situation at the time, so to set the scene we must use the imperfect. Therefore, we must select **estaba** and **parecía**.

4. This sentence reads: *He _____ (was staying / stayed) with some relatives.*

As in the first sentence, as we are talking about the past on a specific occasion, we must use the past tense. That is, we have to select **hospedó**.

5. This sentence reads: *They ______ (told / told) that in that month the Seville festivities were _____ (celebrated / celebrated).*

In the first case, as we are talking about a specific occasion (when they told him), we must use the preterite. However, in the second space, since we are talking about the Seville festivities that are celebrated for a whole month, we must use the imperfect.

Therefore, we must select **dijeron** and **celebraban**.

6. This sentence reads: *Martin was ______ (put / put) very happy when he heard it because he _______ (wanted / wanted) to see how ________ (was / was) that celebration.*

To fill in the first blank, we must remember that the preterite is used as a reaction to something else.

Then, to explain the circumstances around which he became very happy, we must use the imperfect.

Finally, as we are talking about how things were generally in Seville during the festivities, the imperfect is also used.

Therefore, we must select **puso**, **quería** and **era**.

7. This sentence reads: *People ________ (were / were) very happy.*

In this case, since we are talking about how people were and describing the scene, we must use the imperfect (**estaba**).

8. This sentence reads: *All the women______ (were / were) dressed in colorful dresses and flowers in their hair.*

Since here we are talking about how the women were dressed during the celebration, we are describing the scene. For this, we must use the imperfect (**iban**).

9. This sentence reads: *Some ______ (wore / wore) black and white clothing.*

As in the previous sentence, in this case we are describing the scene and how things used to be. For this, we must use the imperfect again (**llevaban**).

In this exercise, let’s imagine that we work at the airport and we must discover everything that happens in it.

For this, we have to fill in the blanks of the sentences with the verbs that we consider from the box conjugated in present progressive.

We need to remember that to form the present progressive, we have to conjugate the verb **estar** in the present tense with the main verb conjugated in the present participle. For example:

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
|Estamos comiendo. | We are eating.|
|Están cantando. | They are singing.|
|Estás jugando. | You are playing.|

1. This sentence reads: *The family ________ at the airport.*

In this case, they are telling us that the family is not yet at the airport, since the second part of the sentence should be “*en el aeropuerto*” in that case.

Understanding this, we can be sure that the verb that corresponds here is **llegar** (to arrive), which must be used with the verb **estar** (to be) conjugated in the present tense.

| Spanish|English |
|–|–|
|… está llegando … | … is arriving … |

2. This sentence reads: *Some taxi drivers ________ to unload the suitcases.*

In this case, we can remember that when you usually go to the airport by taxi, it is normal for taxi drivers to help passengers with their suitcases. In this way, the verb of the corresponding box is **ayudar** (to help).

Also, let’s remember that we have to use the verb **estar** conjugated in the third person plural since we are talking about them.

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
| … están ayudando … | … are helping … |

3. This sentence reads: *We ______ behind the counter.*

In this case, let’s remember that we have to put ourselves in Rocío’s shoes, who works at the airport. In this case, there are several activities they can do behind the counter, *trabajar* (to work),*esperar* (to wait), or *conversar* (to chat).

However, the verb *trabajar* has already been used and if we look at the following sentences, we can see that the verb *esperar* makes much more sense in one of them. Therefore, the corresponding verb in this case is **conversar**.

Also, let’s remember that we have to use the verb **estar** conjugated in the present tense of the first person plural.

| Spanish | English|
|–|–|
|… estamos conversando … |… are chatting … |

4. This sentence reads: *Travelers __________ their plane tickets.*

In this sentence, let us note that we are talking about travelers and their plane tickets. If we look among the remaining verbs in the box, the one that makes the most sense in this case is **enseñar** (to show), since before boarding a plane we know that passengers need to show their tickets.

To form the present progressive, remember that we have to use the verb **estar** conjugated in the present tense of the third person plural in this case.

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
| … están enseñando … | … are showing … |

5. This sentence reads: *The suitcases _______ through the security check.*

In this case, let’s think about the airport security procedures: the airport staff must pass the suitcases through the security control. To indicate this we can use the verb **pasar** (to pass), since the suitcases go through checks.

Also, remember that we must use the verb **estar** conjugated in the present tense.

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
|… están pasando … |… are passing … |

6. This sentence reads: *In the room, people _______ the departure of the plane.*

In this last sentence, we know that people are doing something in the room related to the departure of the plane. The most common is to think that they are in a waiting room waiting for said departure, so the corresponding verb in this case is **esperar** (to wait).

Finally, let’s remember to add the verb **estar** conjugated in the present tense.

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
|… está esperando … |… is waiting … |

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|1. Está llegando. | Is arriving. |
|2. Están ayudando. |Are helping. |
| 3. Estamos conversando.| Are chatting. |
| 4. Están enseñando. | Are showing.|
|5. Están pasando. |Are passing. |
| 6. Está esperando. | Is waiting. |

In this exercise, we must use the words given in parentheses to form sentences to predict what people will be doing.

Remember that to say what could happen or what people could be doing we use the future tense of the verb *estar* (to be) and the present participle of the main verb of the sentence.

1. The words given are: *You / to make friends*.

In this case, the main verb of the sentence is **hacerse amigo** (to make friends), so that is the one we must conjugate in the present participle. Also, to indicate that it is something that will probably happen, we must use the verb **estar** conjugated in the future tense of the second person singular. Let’s see some possible answers:

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
|Tú estarás haciendo amigos pronto. |You will be making friends soon. |
|Tú te estarás haciendo amigo de tus compañeros de clases. | You will be making friends with your classmates. |

2. The words given are: *Us / to stay*.

In this sentence, the main verb is **hospedarse** (to stay). In addition to conjugating it in the present participle, we must remember that we have to use the verb **estar** conjugated in the future tense of the first person plural. Let’s see some possible answers:

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
|Nosotros nos estaremos hospedando en el mejor hotel de la ciudad. | We will be staying in the best hotel in the city.|
| Nosotros nos estaremos hospedando allá la semana que viene. |We will be staying there next week. |

3. The words given are: *Our friends / to explore the jungle.*

In this case, since the main verb is **explorar la jungla** (to explore the jungle), we must conjugate it in the present participle. In addition, we must use the verb **estar** conjugated in the future tense of third person plural since we are talking about them (our friends).

Let’s see some possible answers:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|Nuestros amigos estarán explorando la selva con su familia. |Our friends will be exploring the jungle with their family. |
|Nuestros amigos estarán explorando la selva de Iguazú. |Our friends will be exploring the Iguazú jungle. |

4. The words given are: *I / to buy souvenirs*.

In this case, to form the present progressive we must use the verb **estar** conjugated in the future tense of the first person singular with the main verb of this sentence (**comprar recuerdos**/to buy souvenirs) conjugated in the present participle. Let’s see some possible answers:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|Yo estaré comprando recuerdos mientras ustedes pasean. |I will be buying souvenirs while you walk around. |
| Yo estaré comprando recuerdos para mis amigos. |I will be buying souvenirs for my friends. |

5. The words given are: *Dad / to go hiking*.

In this sentence, the main verb is **hacer senderismo** (to go hiking), so we must conjugate it in the present participle. Also, since we are talking about him (Dad), we must use the verb **estar** conjugated in the future tense of the second personald the singular. Let’s see some possible answers:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|Papá estará haciendo senderismo con sus amigos. |Dad will be hiking with his friends. |
|Papá estará haciendo senderismo para calmarse. |Dad will be hiking to calm down. |

In this exercise, we must give recommendations or advice to travelers who tell us about their activities. For this, we must use expressions from the box above and use the subjunctive after them, as in the example.

1. This sentence reads: *A teacher is going to visit a museum.*

There are several tips that we can give the teacher. We must remember that we have to use expressions like *es mejor que …*, *es buena idea que …* and so on, and use the subjunctive joined with a *que*. Let’s see some possible answers:

|Spanish | English|
|–|–|
| Es mejor que vaya de día porque hay menos gente. |It is better to go during the day because there are fewer people. |
|Es buena idea que ella compre sus boletos temprano. | It’s a good idea for her to buy her tickets early. |

2. This sentence reads: *A nine-year-old boy travels alone by plane.*

In this case, some of the advice that we could give the child are:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
| Es importante que no hable con desconocidos. |It is important that he does not talk to strangers. |
|Es buena idea que esté supervisado por el personal de la aerolínea. | It is a good idea for him to be supervised by airline staff.|

3. This sentence reads: *Two students from your school are going skiing.*

In this case, for example, if we have skied before we can directly give them advice or recommendations using the expressions *recomendar que …* or *aconsejar que …* correctly conjugated. Let’s see some possible answers:

| Spanish|English |
|–|–|
|Les recomiendo que tomen clases de práctica. | I recommend that they take practice classes.|
|Les aconsejo que tengan mucho cuidado con las pendientes. | I advise them to be very careful on slopes.|

4. This sentence reads: *Some soccer players are going hiking.*

We could give them the following advice:

|Spanish |English |
|–|–|
| Es importante que tomen mucha agua durante la actividad. |It is important that they drink plenty of water during the activity. |
| Es mejor que vayan después del entrenamiento. |It is better that they go after training. |

5. This sentence reads: *A family goes to the Iguazu Falls.*

If we have already been, we can give advice directly to the family or wish they have a good trip. Let’s see some possible answers:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|Les aconsejo que dejen sus teléfonos en los bolsos. | I advise them to leave their phones in their bags.|
|Ojalá que disfruten el viaje. | Hope they enjoy the trip. |

6. This sentence reads: *A group of relatives travel to Europe.*

In this case, we could tell them the following:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
|Espero que puedan recorrer varios países. | I hope they can visit several countries.|
| Quiero que tomen muchas fotos de su viaje. | I want them to take a lot of photos of their trip.|

7. This sentence reads: *Two ladies are going to bathe in hot springs.*

We could give them the following advice:

| Spanish| English|
|–|–|
| Les aconsejo que no pasen mucho tiempo en las aguas termales. |I advise them not to spend a lot of time in the hot springs. |
|Espero que lleven abrigos porque después sentirán frío. | I hope they wear coats because afterwards they will feel cold.|