National ICT Policy Essay Example

mLange of historical magnetism and geography, Cambodia is well placed to become a globally competitive, knowledge and information eased society, capable of providing CIT-based solutions to enhance sustainable socio-economic development.

POLICY MISSION:

To integrate CIT activities in the government (public) and private sectors and ensure national optimal economic and social stimuli through achieving community framework agreements, which includes promoting awareness against global warming. To provide a conducive framework (legal and regulatory) for public and private infrastructure investments in e-Commerce capacity building, by promoting the growth of national CIT and developing regionally competitive CIT experts.

POLICY GOAL

Creating and providing a national framework and policy that will enable CIT to contribute towards the achievement of national development goals; Providing universal services and accessibility to information and Communication facilities in the country that will inevitability lead towards global competitiveness in output and productivity. Transforming Cambodia into knowledge based society through the implementation of proper CIT. L.

POLICY OBJECTIVE

The CIT Policy aims to achieve the following objectives: - Provide a clear CIT legal framework for every citizen and key stakeholders.

Enhance the national level of awareness as to the role and potential of 'CT, with emphasis on sustainable development, in the empowerment of people and in enhancing governance. - Create a culture of lifetime learning to maximize the existing potential of Cambodia people and accelerate innovation to develop a knowledge based system. - Reduce the wide gap in living standards between the populations living in the capital and those in the provinces, which is closely linked to the existing digital divide of information accessibility (development of basic infrastructure on a nationwide level).

Increase the competitiveness of national industry with

the establishment of an adequate business environment, and improve the quality of life and the access that Cambodia people have to convenient services through the promotion of the application and implementation of appropriate CIT. - Encourage the development of the national CIT industry by facilitating the widespread adoption of CIT applications and implementation of CIT development. (Page 2) - provide the availability Of CIT access points in all areas and implement a cost-effective CIT. Reduce public administration costs and improve the laity of public services through the application of CIT.

- Promote locally the development of human resources necessary for the adoption of CIT and a national CIT industry. - Enforce the WIDE (Women in Development) within the scope of CIT. - Enforce the awareness of the role CIT plays within the context of global warming, as well as the strong national position of undertaking the measures necessary to stop global warming, as the first AIMS (Asian Me beer State) to initiate such a commitment in its national CIT Policy.

POLICY COVERAGE

To achieve the objectives stated above, the CIT Policy-201 5 shall incorporate he following measures: . Develop a National CIT legal framework to ensure a national economic growth Contribute to the development of the Cambodia economy through the strategic national adoption of CIT, achieved by consolidating a system to facilitate this. Overall, divide CIT into key related sectors and encourage the establishment of CIT strategies as well as an CIT legal and regulatory framework for each respective sector, I. E.

E-Government, e-commerce, e- Industry, e-Education, e-Society, etc. ), for the appropriate and effective application of CIT. Aligned with Cambodia constitutional stipulation, legislative and regulatory environment, and being

consistent with regional and global best practices, it is necessary to establish and maintain an enabling legal and regulatory framework. Key area: To enable the early achievement of the CIT Policy-2015 objectives, the identity of Nadia as the organization in charge of promoting CIT policy shall be recognized, and the partnership been Nadia and other line-ministries shall be enforced.

The jurisdiction of each line-min sister and agency related to CIT shall be clarified in detail.

Moreover, for each respective field, an CIT policy, strategy and/or an action plan on a short-term and long-term basis shall be developed. These matters shall be included in the CIT legal and regulatory framework. 1-2. Develop measures to achieve the e-SEAN Framework Agreement Technology through the promotion of national CIT innovation-CIT commitments that the Government of Cambodia has made to the international community, especially among the SEAN region shall be respected. Page 3) Compliance with international frameworks (such as WTFO and WIPE) shall be pursued while proportioning the e-SEAN Framework, ensuring a ointment at the regional level. The set timeshares for national strategies shall comply with those timeshares set for promoting CIT policy.

In addition, investments in the development of the necessary human resources shall receive emphasis. At this time, when the establishment of an SEAN Economic Community (goal scheduled for 201 5) is imminent and new advances in technology and innovation are constant, there is no area in which Cambodia can afford to lag behind in terms of its level of technology.

For this reason, gathering information on new technologies as well as the development of human sources such as CIT engineering and R&D shall be consistently promoted. These advantages can

be accelerated only through the implementation of CIT capacity building in both infrastructure and human resources. In the case of infrastructures, to promote efficient, sustainable national CIT infrastructures appropriate with the majorities needs, and compliant with regional and international standards, with adequate accessibility and reduction of costs as it's primary aim.

In addition, it is necessary to increase the quantity and capability of the CIT skilled human resource base in Cambodia.

Key area: The most important primary objective for Cambodia is not to lag behind the SEAN level of CIT development. With respect to the necessary human resources, for the time being. Cambodia needs to rely mostly on international (private and public) support. (This point shall be developed in detail as an CIT strategy. ). However, selecting the appropriate adoption Of CIT is one Of the 'keys to success in accelerating the development of the CIT in Cambodia.

. CIT SERVICE 2-1 . Improve government services through the application of CIT Develop e-Government with a well-established information security system. By means of this facility, it is possible to provide a considerable amount of information on the country and its government; therefore, facilitating two- way communication been the government and public citizenry or vice versa. Through the application of CIT, the public administration shall administer their activities more effectively and provide services for the public in a more convenient manner.

The Government of Cambodia shall be responsible for implementing these measures, and ensure that adequate policies are put in place to maintain the national information security system.

The establishment of an e-Government backed by a reliable information security system would also make the government more efficient, effective, trusted and

transparent. (Page 4) Moreover, many of its operations and systems could be easily revised.

The public, who will become the first users of e-Government, shall be able to obtain information regarding the public administration and its activities, and e-Government will therefore be established to ensure a greater transparency in Government and as a means for providing services nationwide. By adopting e-Government, many costs for both the provider and the user loud be reduced, productivity of the public administration would be increased and most importantly, enhance inter-individual as well as inter- institutional cooperation, allowing for more effective communications.

Key area: Developing and promoting e;Government will increase the accountability of the public administration. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the existence of certain groups that may be adversely affected by the intros auction of e-Government.

2-2. Support the use of CIT in the private sector & the growth of e-commerce Encourage the application of CIT among small and medium enterprises, and evolve the necessary basis for an optimal e-commerce environment for business.

To successfully achieve this, the necessary legal and regulatory framework shall be established and proactive initiatives taken to encourage CIT adoption. The definitions and rules regarding digital signatures, electronic commerce and electronic payment are the basics of e-commerce, and as such they shall be part Of public campaigns and related information shall be transmitted to the population.

Moreover, the necessary legal environment for e-Commerce shall be developed, and additional incentives for the private sector shall be adopted. -3. Encourage the growth of CIT industry & its links among the SEAN region Foster and develop a national CIT industry (manufacturing and development of CIT-related devices and

software applications) to maintain a relatively high level of technology among the SEAN region. Key area: Jurisdiction of CIT industry development lies with the Ministry of Industry.

Given the prevailing situation, the first step to take is to loosen regulations on foreign capital inflow, along with some additional incentives. Accordingly, the development of a national CIT industry driven basically by foreign capital shall e promoted.

Discussions shall be required regarding whether to mention the partnership with foreign enterprises inside the National CIT Policy. (Page 5) To engage in technology transfer, the first five years shall be devoted to attracting foreign enterprises to Cambodia, and an environment conducive to technology transfer for the people of Cambodia should be created. To develop and ensure a supply of human resources based on strict guidelines regulating information security shall be treated as an urgent priority. 3.

The basic CIT infrastructure shall be developed nationwide to reduce information accessibility gaps currently existing among the Cambodia population. In particular, the Government of Cambodia shall seek to develop information infrastructure (network development), as well as applications and services to be delivered through the new infrastructure. Key area: A "meeting opportunity' is basically required to discuss and consider role sharing and coexistence with international institutions and assisting countries. Moreover, the functions of a Project Implementation unit (PILL) are urgently required.

 Enhances the level of CIT literacy among the population Towards the development of an e-Society in Cambodia, the key players, namely the Cambodia people, shall be provided with equal opportunities for the acquisition of CIT education. The application of CIT shall also extend to the education field benefiting schools and other educational institutions.

The specialized instruction

of CIT shall be promoted as well. First, the training of educators with the capabilities to focus on the actual education field shall be undertaken in order to achieve an "CIT education for Cambodia people by Cambodia people".

Second, provide facilities to expand and develop the teaching of CIT at all levels of formal and informal education and training in the national system. Third, promote and support CIT training for political decision makers, community and civil society leaders, as well as private and public sector officials. Fourth, give special attention to facilitating new learning systems and CIT access opportunities for women and youth, the disabled and disadvantaged, and illiterate people, in order to address social ambulances.

Develop regionally competitive CIT experts and CIT saws human resources It is strongly demanded to develop a pool of CIT experts and other personnel for the national industry as well as for the sectors where CIT applications are to be implemented. (Page 6) To maintain a respectable CIT level among the SEAN region, it shall be necessary to ensure the supply of national CIT experts. Training programs orientated towards the development of experts rich in specialized knowledge and skills shall be strongly promoted, along with the creation of a vast pool of reliant CIT experts.

To keep up with the efforts of developing an CIT infrastructure and a competitive CIT industry in the country, the training and development of CIT experts is an urgent issue. The Government of Cambodia shall enforce the development of action plans related to the training of experts, both for the short and long-term. The initial step for the Cambodia Government is to create a

position of Government Chief Information Officer (CIO), to oversee the development of a core human resource of skilled CIT workers within the country, and to raise their Status as needs be. 3 Support WIDE (Women in Development) in the cry sector In order to develop a pool of CIT experts for the national industry and related sectors, it is essential to involve within the process, the presence of women. Especially in the CIT field, women are still not being involved as they should.

As stated and agreed at the "International Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women", men and women are equal and therefore shall be equally treated in the work place. As demonstrated in many countries, women are well capable of actively performing in specialist fields.

Cambodia biggest asset is in its people, therefore assuring the performance of both men and women is crucial for the development of the country as a whole. It would be a waste of good human resources not to utilize women suited to the CIT industry.

Furthermore, developing a suitable environment for women to work in is equally important. The Government of Cambodia shall develop a resource pool of CIT women experts and other personnel. As well, the development of action plans related to the training of women experts, both for the short and long terms shall be encouraged.  Encourages an awareness of CIT as a tool for fighting global warming The Government of Cambodia shall actively pursue initiatives through the development of CIT to combat global warming, which is already at a critical stage.

By finding applications for CIT, create a low-carbon society with a reduced environmental

footprint. Specifically, strengthen this commitment to make the private sector, public institutions and general public more aware of the close relationship between the national challenge of CIT applications, and assure to stop global warming.

The Government of Cambodia shall raise its national profile before the international community by means of promoting CIT development as one of their most important measures in their efforts to reduce global warming. In addition, the effects of global warming (including droughts, torrential rain and floods) represent an urgent issue for the Cambodia people. II.

On he economic level, they have boosted entrepreneurship: 201 1 census showed that the tech industry was among the fastest growing in Cambodia. Moreover, Sits have had a positive impact on other economic sectors, such as agriculture. In this policy Non Government sector also play an important role to ensure the prosperity via 'CT.

For example, Sofas (MONGO) has been implementing an "e-agriculture" program by providing rural women with a mobile phone, they have given them a tool to plan when to harvest, integrate with the national market and eventually increase their revenues.

On he social level, CIT policy effect has proven that they can be impact as well, in particular by expanding the access to basic services. In 2014, for example, Women's Media Centre of Cambodia launched a radio show in order to promote maternal care in the countryside In order to make sure they reach everyone; they decided to develop an Interactive Voice Response system and it has worked: in only three months 4,500 people called to get information. However, the most striking impact has been political as Sits have helped further strengthen the Cambodia

democracy, Transparency and Accountability.