The Stono Slave Rebellion is also known as Cato’s Conspiracy or Cato’s Rebellion. It is a slave rebellion that started in 1739 in the Southern colony of Carolina. The slaves met near Stono River on an early Sunday morning and planned their ways to attack. They stopped at firearms shops killing the owners and availing themselves with guns. Armed with guns, the group marched down a main terrain in St. Paul’s Parish that is located twenty miles near Charlestown with bearing signs reading liberty. The group beat drums and sang as they marched south for Florida. The slaves were led by Cato. The group of rebels hit many homes and businesses recruiting more slaves. They killed their masters and their families. They burnt down houses and forced some of the converts to join in protesting. T
...he band allowed Wallace Tavern, an inn keeper to live because he had treated slaves kindly more than other masters. The Stono Rebellion is marked as one of the largest historical uprising in British Island. Forty two to forty seven whites and forty four blacks were killed during the protest.
The Stono Rebellion is attributed to the change in South Carolina society as result of the large number of slaves who were being brought to the Carolina Colony. The influx of the slaves into the territory put whites in fear of slave protest and hence implemented stricter measures to control them. For instance when the Security Act was being passed the white men, were required by law to carry their guns to Church on Sundays and failure to do so would lead to fine. Prior to the law, slaves worked fo
their own on Sundays and whites did not carry their guns to church. The passage of this law highly angered the slaves. Paradoxically, the tough measures triggered the slaves to rebel.
The influx of slaves in Carolina led to a high population of new slaves in the colony. Whites were engulfed with fear that the outside agitators like the Spanish would organize a rebellion. However an outbreak of small pox took place causing several death (Bradford, 12). The outbreak and news of conflict between England and Spain encouraged a group of slaves to come up in hopes of attacking the whites and killing them in order to escape to Spanish Florida.
The Spanish advertised that any slave who managed to escape to St. Augustine, Florida, would have ones freedom and land to settle. When Spain and England started fighting, some slaves thought that if they managed to escape to Florida, they would get the freedom and land they had heard Spain promising.
The Stono Slave Rebellion led to many implications on the slaves. The next two years that followed this revolt saw more uprising come up independently in South Carolina and Georgia. Colonial officials thought that this protests were inspired by the Stono Rebellion but historians attributed the cause to hostile conditions of slavery that were being experienced in the cotton and rice plantations since 18th century.
Planters decided to form a slave population that were native born insinuating that the workers would be satisfied if they grew up as slaves. Planters decided to stop more supply of slaves from Africa attributing them to the recent rebellions. They formed a ten year freeze on slave importation via Charleston. A
decade later an international slave trade port was opened importing slaves all over Africa rather than the Congo region alone.
In 1740, the government enacted the Negro Act to strengthen it controls. It populated a ratio of one white to ten blacks in their plantations. Slaves were prohibited from cultivating their own foods, meeting or being in groups, getting any financial income or access to education. In colonial world, laws were provided with assumptions that white could inspect any black person travelling outside plantation without identifications and take action on them (Horne, 23). The legislature worked to better the conditions of slavery in order to prevent future problems. It passed penalties for masters who overworked their slaves, brutally punished them or demanded excessive work of them. However the provisions were difficult to put into effect because slaves were not allowed to testify against the whites. The legislature also started a school to help slaves learn about the Christian principles. The legislature also tried to stop the manumission of slaves. The government representatives felt that free blacks in the colonies made slaves uneasy. The slaveholders were required to apply to the government seeking permission for every case of manumission. Earlier on, manumission was being arranged privately. South Carolina kept restrictions against manumission till the abolishment of the American civil war. The legislature action regarding to manumission, led to minimal chances of masters freeing children born to their sons by slaves in order to hide their sexual lives from public scrutiny. Relationships across power and ethnics existed and continued under public cover.
To foreshadow is an earlier sign or warning of what is to happen in the future. It
is an inkling of impending danger or disaster. The Stono Revolt was a warning signs to the colonies on what was going to take place in future. America faced four serious revolts from the slaves after the Stono Slave Revolt. Stono was followed by The New York City Conspiracy of 1741. There were one thousand and seven hundred blacks and seven thousand whites who were determined to crush down every descent of black and so some form of revenge lulled underway. In 1941 four fires erupted up in a day burning down Fort George in New York and other different places within the city.
The third rebellion took place in 1800 and it was known as Gabriel’s Conspiracy. Gabriel was born in 1776 in Prosser plantation six miles north of Richmond a home to fifty three slaves with the aim of attaining freedom in future. Freedom was only emblematic at the period of his life. Gabriel planned his invasion by mobilizing a rally of over one thousand risking betrayal and death of his own life. However on the day of attack, a serious thunderstorm hit Virginia destroying roads and making travel impossible. Most of his supporters gave up and he was betrayed by a slave named Pharaoh who was afraid of retribution if the plan failed. The state captured Gabriel and twenty five African American were hanged together. Gabriel was taken to the gallows and executed alone.
The fourth revolt is known as the German Coast Uprising. The Haitian Revolution that took place between 1791 and 1804 led by Touissant Louverte, that fought and won black slaves under the leadership Jacques was the inspiration of this rebellion.
In 1811, Charles Deslonde organized an attack on Andry Sugar Plantation (Horne, 23). Deslodes with twenty five slaves attacked the owner of the plantation and his family. They hacked one of his sons to death but carelessly let the master escape. The Andry plantation consisted of a warehouse for local militia. Deslodes and his men ransacked the house taking uniforms, ammunitions and guns. They moved to New Orleans with the intention of capturing the city. A dozen other people joined the force and were estimated to be three hundred. A two day battle was pitched down by Wade Hampton and an army of thirty regulars U.S Army against the rebels. The battle ended when the rebels went out of ammunition. The whites suffered no casualties but by the time the rebel surrendered twenty were already dead and the rest, one hundred were captured and hanged.
The last massive revolt that took place was known as Nat Turners Rebellion. It took place in 1831 before Gabriel got killed. Turner with seventy other slaves turned out to attack the white neighbors who kept them as slaves. They killed Turners master, his wife and children with an axe. They attacked fifteen families killing between fifty five to sixty whites. The white militia started attacking Turner and his men but they went into hiding. However a white man stumbled upon his hiding and he was captured. Furious whites, took his body, skinned it and distributed it into parts.
The heroism of this people who sacrificed to fight against the evil vice of slavery saw this evil institution end in 1860. Two hundred thousand black men were involved in a civil war
that saw them to their freedom. The Stono revolt marked a very significant course in the fight against slavery.
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