Biology Chapter 10 (Sapling Quiz) – Flashcards
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Why does wearing sunscreen reduce cancer risk?
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Sunscreen can reduce the chance of mutations cause by exposure to UV radiation present in sunlight
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DNA mutations can arise from uncorrected errors in DNA replication, inheritance, and?
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Environmental insults
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What is a potential cancer causing gene coding for a protein with a cell cycle control responsibilities?
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Tumor supressor
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What is a gene coding protein that stimulates cell division?
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proto-oncogene
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A mutation can cause a change in?
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-Amino acid sequence of a protein -Shape in the protein -The way the cell cycle is regulated -That is beneficial to the cell
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What is BRCA1 in normal cells?
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It acts as a tumor suppressor
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What is a chemical that causes alterations in DNA
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mutagen
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If mutagen causes cancer it is called?
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carcinogen
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Tumors that will not spread throughout the body are
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Benign
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Tumors that do spread throughout the body are
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malignant
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Which if the following statements accurately describes cancer development?
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It is a multistep process by which multiple mutations cause a series of events that lead to cancer
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We would all have many more mutations in our genes if not for
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Activity of proofreading enzymes
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A woman with a BRCA1 mutation is?
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At an increased risk of developing breast cancer
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How many alleles for a single trait are present in each human cell?
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2
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What is an allele
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An alternate version of a gene
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Why does cancer affect older individuals more frequently than younger people?
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Older people have had more time to accumulate mutations from various sources
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Why do people with inheritable high-risk mutations develop cancer at an earlier age?
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People who have inherited high risk mutations start life with at least on predisposing mutation, so they require fewer additional mutations
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In addition to breast cancer, women with a mutation in one of their BRCA genes have an increased likelihood of developing which types of cancer?
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Ovarian
