Theatre of the Ancient Greece Essay Example

and a larger group of tragedians. Solon introduced a type of poetry where characters spoke with their own voices, reciting Homer's epics around 534 BC. Thespis' contribution is overshadowed, but his name remains associated with Greek Theatre. Tragedy continues to be a significant theatrical feature in Greece and worldwide. Drama and performances held great significance for the people of Athens, who organized contests and festivals as early as 508 BC to foster unity among ethnic groups. These competitions have stood the test of time, highlighting their historical significance. (Brockett & Oscar, 2000)Phrynuchus, who gained fame by winning the first contest and producing tragic dramas relevant to the golden age, is still well-known in Greece. In the global arena, he is recognized as the first poet to delve into a historical theme with his poem "Fall of Miletus," inspired by the Persian attack and conquest of the town. The fall of Miletus evoked such strong emotions in Athens that the first performance resulted in the entire theater audience shedding tears. Phrynichus was heavily fined for reminding people of such a calamity, leading to a ban on his performances. However, there are also positive aspects of his career, such as being the first to include women characters in his productions, although not played by female performers. The Greek theatre has a rich and robust history. (McDonald, Marianne, Walton & Michael, 2007) Over time, new inventions emerged in Greek Theatre during the Classical Period, following the destruction of Athens by the Persian Empire in 480 BC. This event prompted massive rebuilding efforts, and theater was soon established as an institution.The Greek Theatre was seen as a source of

pride for Athenian culture, symbolizing a resurgence after their fall. It was considered a vital part of their cultural identity. This period, known as the Golden Age of Greek theatre, introduced comedy as a separate genre from tragedy. Satirical plays also emerged during this time, humorously portraying mythological subjects from tragedies. These genres have endured throughout history, with elements incorporated into modern arts. They have the ability to captivate audiences and keep them engaged. After their defeat by the Spartans, Greek theatre returned to performing old tragedies. The military and financial power of Athens had declined during the Hellenistic period. Theatrical performances gradually evolved into "new comedy," focusing on the daily lives of ordinary citizens. Few playwrights from this era are known in present society.Menander is considered the sole surviving playwright of his time due to his significant influence on the Roman form of comedy, as evident in the works of playwrights like Plautus. The Greek Theatre possessed distinctive characteristics that were recognizable even in this era. These theaters were initially constructed with the purpose of accommodating a large number of people both in the audience and on stage. The design of the theater was precisely calculated to ensure that the voices of actors could be heard from any seat in the theater, employing various acoustic techniques, including modern microphones. Moreover, the theaters featured specific entrances for actors and chorus members, and exits located between tall arches. Over time, further advancements were made in Greek theaters. Playwrights started using the scenic wall behind the orchestra as changing rooms, while any unfamiliar or inappropriate scenes, such as character deaths, were performed backstage instead of in front

of the audience (Brockett, Oscar & Ball, 2000).Throughout its history, Greek theatre has been characterized by a variety of scenic elements. One notable element is a wheeled platform which was used exclusively to bring deceased characters into the view of the audience after their deaths in the background. Additionally, cranes were used to lift characters and create the illusion of flying across the stage. Trap doors were another feature that surprised and amazed unsuspecting spectators by delivering performers onto the stage. Phallic props were also utilized, especially in satirical performances, as symbols of glory to the gods. The use of masks in Greek theatre has been a constant throughout history, dating back to as early as the 5th century when the first mask, depicting a god suspended from trees, was discovered. It is evident that the Greek people played a significant role in the development and advancement of theatrical works (Vervain, Chris & Wiles, 2004).