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AP Government Basin And Range Province Equality Before The Law Necessary And Proper Clause State And National Governments

Honors Govt 2306 Pre-test 2 (ch 1-3) – Flashcards 20 terms

Briley Leonard

20 terms

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Honors Govt 2306 Pre-test 2 (ch 1-3) – Flashcards

question

Article I of the Texas Constitution a) contains the Texas Bill of Rights. b) renounces the use of the death penalty. c) recognizes the supremacy of the national government. d) accepts the principle of rapprochement.

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a) contains the Texas Bill of Rights.

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In 1999, plans for a new constitution, known as the Ratliff-Junnell Proposal, included all of the following EXCEPT a) term limits for representatives and senators. b) gubernatorial appointment for all district and appellate judges. c) creation of a 15-day "veto session" where the legislature could consider overriding any vetoes cast by the governor in the previous legislative session. d) mandating that the legislature meet full time, with legislative sessions occurring each year.

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d) mandating that the legislature meet full time, with legislative sessions occurring each year.

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Texas adopted its third constitution in 1845 in response to a) gaining its independence. b) statehood. c) secession. d) Reconstruction.

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b) statehood.

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The Constitution of 1836 differed from the Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas because it included constitutional protection for a) community property. b) slavery. c) homestead protections. d) debtor relief.

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b) slavery.

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The Constitution of 1836, which established the government of the Republic of Texas, resembled the U.S. Constitution because it a) called for universal suffrage, regardless of race or gender. b) was brief and flexible, and established a bicameral legislature and three branches of government. c) included provisions about community property, homestead exemptions, and debtor relief. d) established a unicameral legislature whose leader also ran the executive branch.

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b) was brief and flexible, and established a bicameral legislature and three branches of government.

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The Constitution of 1861 was written a) by Sam Houston, who served as governor at the time. b) to guide Texas's entry into the Confederate States of America. c) primarily to abolish slavery in the state. d) to increase the power of government in accord with modern progressive principles.

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b) to guide Texas's entry into the Confederate States of America.

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The Constitution of 1869 included which of the following elements? a) the incorporation of Fourteenth Amendment guarantees of equality before the law. b) gubernatorial power to appoint judges. c) a reduction in the umber of state supreme court judges. d) All of these are correct.

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d) All of these are correct.

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The Constitution of 1876 was a reaction to the Reconstruction Constitution of 1869 because the 1869 constitution a) was too short. b) gave too much power to agricultural interests. c) was written by those who were loyal to the Confederacy during the Civil War. d) was seen as giving the governor too much power.

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d) was seen as giving the governor too much power.

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The Grange was a) an organization of militant farmers that worked for improved conditions for farmers in the late 1800s. b) one of the original geographic areas of Texas. c) an interest group that was established to counter the rising power of the Tea Party. d) the name of the original Texas constitution.

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a) an organization of militant farmers that worked for improved conditions for farmers in the late 1800s.

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The Texas Bill of Rights a) guarantees some rights not found in the U.S. Bill of Rights. b) duplicates the U.S. Bill of Rights. c) is unusual, since state constitutions generally do not have bills of rights. d) guarantees gay marriage.

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a) guarantees some rights not found in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

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The Texas Constitution features a) a unitary executive, in which the governor appoints all members of the executive branch. b) a consultative executive, in which the governor may appoint members of the executive branch who are recommended by the state house and confirmed by the state senate. c) a plural executive, in which power is fragmented because the election of statewide officeholders is independent of the governor. d) an appointed executive, in which the state legislature elects statewide officeholders such as the attorney general and comptroller.

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c) a plural executive, in which power is fragmented because the election of statewide officeholders is independent of the governor.

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The Texas Constitution is one of the most amended constitutions in the United States. The state legislature has proposed __________ amendments, while __________ have been approved by the electorate a) 675; 483 b) 282; 3 c) 582; 550 d) 94; 27

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a) 675; 483

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The Texas Constitution provides for a state legislature with __________ members in the Senate and __________ members in the House. a) 100; 435 b) 31; 150 c) 50; 100 d) 435; 100

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b) 31; 150

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The Texas Constitution requires that Texas judges a) be appointed by the governor. b) be senior lawyers. c) be elected by the people. d) cannot receive campaign contributions.

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c) be elected by the people.

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The Texas constitution includes all of the following elements EXCEPT a) separation of powers. b) checks and balances. c) a guarantee of individual rights. d) a necessary and proper clause.

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d) a necessary and proper clause.

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The current Texas constitution was written a) when Reconstruction ended in the 1870s. b) when the Compromise of 1850 was adopted. c) at the start of World War I in 1914. d) in 1999.

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a) when Reconstruction ended in the 1870s.

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The present Texas constitution a) is well organized and well written. b) is brief and flexible. c) delegates a great deal of power to the governor. d) severely limits the power of the governor and other state officials.

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d) severely limits the power of the governor and other state officials.

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Those who wrote the Constitution of 1876 wanted to return control of government to the people. By "the people" they meant all a) adult citizens of Texas. b) adult male citizens of Texas. c) adult white male citizens of Texas. d) citizens except carpetbaggers and scalawags.

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c) adult white male citizens of Texas.

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Which of the following is an important function of a state constitution? a) establishing relations between a state and foreign governments b) authorizing the governor to impose martial law when he or she deems necessary c) allowing the government to intrude in the lives of businesses and individuals d) legitimizing state political institutions by explaining the source of their power and authority

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d) legitimizing state political institutions by explaining the source of their power and authority

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Those responsible for writing the various constitutions for the State of Texas have been concerned about a) granting broad discretionary power to state officeholders to achieve their goals. b) placing undue limits on the discretionary power of state officeholders to achieve their goals. c) ensuring that a diverse section of Texas citizens serve in elected office. d) making the constitution too long and detailed

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a) granting broad discretionary power to state officeholders to achieve their goals.

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AP Government Social Contract Theory United States Government-Comprehensive

Government Unit 1: Foundations of American Government – Flashcards 67 terms

Lewis Edwards

67 terms

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Government Unit 1: Foundations of American Government – Flashcards

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This is NOT a theory of the origin of the state. divine right theory social contract theory ruler's right theory evolutionary theory

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ruler's right theory

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American colonies declared their independence based on: Aristotle's theory of the polis the Aztecs divine right theory John Locke's political writings consensus of the population

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John Locke's political writings

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Abraham Lincoln said one of the most important purposes of government is to: provide essential services attack other states control people control individual economic decisions

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provide essential services

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This statement in the Constitution sets forth the goals and purposes to be served by the government: prologue preamble preface prelude

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preamble

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You are taking part in this when you ask people to vote for school levies: constitutional law confederacy politics constitutional interpretations

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politics

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The United States is an example of: a unitary government an industrialized nation a confederacy a developing nation

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an industrialized nation

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Totalitarian dictatorship is a form of this type of government: autocracy oligarchy democracy republic

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autocracy

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This is NOT needed for democracy to prosper: a social consensus: an uneducated public a civil society free enterprise

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an uneducated public

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A loose union of independent states is called a: federal system constitutional law confederacy unitary system

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confederacy

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What states have the most stable governments?

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states where the population shares general political and social consensuses

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What are the 4 theories of origin of the state?

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Evolutionary Theory Force Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory

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Explain the Evolutionary Theory.

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The belief that the state evolved from the family.

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Explain the Force Theory.

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The belief that government emerged when all the people of one area were under authority of one person or group.

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Explain the Divine Right Theory.

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The belief that a god or gods chose people to rule.

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Explain the Social Contract Theory.

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The belief that the origin of the state was in social contract. Thomas Hobbes was the first to theorize on the Social Contract.

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What are the 4 main purposes of government?

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Maintain social order, provide public services, provide national security and common defense, and to provide for and control the economic system.

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What are two types of government systems?

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Unitary and Federal System.

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What is the Unitary Government System?

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This system gives all key powers to the national or central government.

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What is the Federal Government System?

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This system divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments.

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What several major purposes do constitutions serve?

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Constitutions set out ideals that the people bound by the constitution believe in and share, establishes the basic structure of government and defines it's powers and duties, and provides supreme law for the country.

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When was the US Constitution drawn up?

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1787. It is also the oldest constitution still serving a nation today.

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Are constitutions complete guides on how to run a country?

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Nope. They are incomplete guides.

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What does the preamble state?

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It states the goals and purposes to be served by the government.

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How is the main body of the Constitution divided?

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It is divided into articles and sections.

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How many articles and sections does the Constitution contain?

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7 articles containing 21 sections.

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What are the 3 major types of government?

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Autocracy, oligarchy, democracy.

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The original 13 colonies were established and governed by West Africa Germany England France

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England

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Charles I signed this document that stopped collection of taxes without Parliament's consent. Magna Carta English Bill of Rights Petition of Right Mayflower Compact

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Petition of Right

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The first legislature in America was the Jamestown House of Legislature Virginia House of Legislature American Legislature English House of Legislature

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Virginia House of Legislature

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What did the Magna Carta provide?

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It provided the basis for the principle of limited governments.

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What did the Magna Carta state?

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Certain taxes could not be levied without popular consent.

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After dissolving Parliament, when did Charles I finally call Parliament back into session?

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1628

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When did Parliament remove James ii from the throne?

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1688 during the Glorious Revolution.

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After removing James ii, who did Parliament crown in his place?

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William iii and Mary ii.

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What does the English Parliament consist of?

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An upper chamber called the House of Lords which included members of the aristocracy, and a lower chamber called the House of Commons which included commoners.

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This term means a state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries. consensus sovereignty social contract democracy

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sovereignty

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This is the institution through which the state maintains social order sovereignty republic politics government

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government

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Defining the extent and limits of government power and rights of citizens is the purpose of a federal system an unitary system politics constitutional law

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constitutional law

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This plan provides the rules for government. constitution confederacy preamble politics

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constitution

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As in a dictatorship, these governments usually suppress political opposition. republics constitutional monarchy oligarchies democracies

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oligarchies

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The United Sates has this form of government. representative democracy monarchy direct democracy constitutional republic

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representative democracy

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In which form of government do individuals have the most freedom. autocracy monarchy democracy oligarchy

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democracy

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Adam Smith provided a philosophy for this type of economic system. communism mixed-marked socialism free market

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free market

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In this type of economy, the government owns the basic means of production. socialism free market laissez-faire capitalism

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socialism

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Karl Marx believed that under this economic system one class would evolve. free market communism socialism capitalism

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communism

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In the eyes of the British, the American colonies existed for this reason. economic benefit or Britain soldiers for the British Crown passage to the Asian world

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economic benefit or Britain

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The colonists remained loyal to Britain in exchange for some self-rule and low taxes protection from the French money for traded goods

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protection from the French

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This man argued against monarchy as a form of government in the pamphlet Common Sense. Thomas Paine Samuel Adams Thomas Jefferson John Hancock

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Thomas Paine

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Shays' Rebellion was caused by this problem. government interference control of passports the Northwest Ordinance economic depression

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economic depression

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According to the Articles of Confederation, this power was granted to Congress. to regulate trade to enforce laws to amend the Articles of Confederation to levy taxes

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to amend the Articles of Confederation

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This caused many Americans to agree to a strong national government. the Philadelphia convention Shays's Rebellion the Annapolis convention

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Shays's Rebellion

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A government in which people elect delegates to make laws is a limited government an autocratic government a representative government

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a representative government

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Dividing the powers of the government as the colonial charters did is called separation of powers legislative government limited government government of petitions

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separation of powers

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The Declaration of Independence founded government on principles of strong central government arbitrary power taxation without representation human liberty and consent of the governed

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human liberty and consent of the governed

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The fundamental reason the colonists revolted was because of government suppression of Locke's writings without representation passing the Quartering Act

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without representation

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According to the Articles of Confederation, this was the main purpose of Congress. interrupting laws unifying the executive branch foreign affairs and defense enforcing laws

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foreign affairs and defense

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This was an argument of the Antifederalists. for a Bill of Rights for the Ohio Plan against a Bill of Rights

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for a Bill of Rights

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This man's writings influenced the American revolutionaries. Adam Smith John Locke Karl Marx Abraham Lincoln

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John Locke

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Signed by the Pilgrims in 1620, this item was the first American government document. Mayflower Compact Constitution Petition of Rights Magna Carta

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Mayflower Compact

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This concept is the basis of the Constitution. popular sovereignty Supreme Court justice Congressional powers executive privelege

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popular sovereignty

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These powers belong to both the national and the state governments reserved powers delegated powers concurrent powers implied powers

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concurrent powers

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The Magna Carta was important because it was America's first legislature separated church and state established a limited government gave power to the colonies

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established a limited government

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This man was known as the father of the Constitution. Thomas Jefferson George Washington James Adams James Madison

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James Madison

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The national government's control of immigration is an example of concurrent powers inherent powers expressed powers delegated powers

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inherent

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The first 10 amendments are called the Bill of Rights Constitution preamble enumerated articles

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Bill of Rights

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This system divides the power between the state and national governments socialist unitary federal communist

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federal

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The anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because they thought it gave the federal government too much power provided no way to change the Constitution gave the state governments too much power gave the people too much power

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gave the federal government too much power

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1964 Civil Rights Act Across The Country AP Government Politics of the United States Supreme Court United States Government-Comprehensive

government chapter 12 review – Flashcards 25 terms

Sabrina Peterson

25 terms

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government chapter 12 review – Flashcards

question

The vast majority of cases heard by the Supreme Court reach the Court

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as appeals from lower court decisions

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This is an order from the Court to send up the records on a case for review

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writ of certiorari

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This is a written statement setting forth the legal arguments

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brief

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One or more justices who agree with the majority's conclusions about a case, but do so for different reasons write a(n)

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concurring opinion

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This is NOT a way the Supreme Court determines policy

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passing laws

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This comprises the largest block of the Court's cases

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civil liberties

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This is NOT a limit on the Court's cases

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congressional jurisdiction

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This person assigns the writing of opinions to the justices

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chief justices

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The president's most important influences over the Court is the power to

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appoint justices with Senate consent

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The number of justices on the Court is set by

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Congress

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The Court may reverse its earlier decision because of

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changes in American society

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Supreme Court written decisions

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opinions

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main route to the Supreme Court

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writ of certiorari

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unsigned statement of Court's decision

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per curiam opinion

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friend of the court

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amicus curiae

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appointed by the president

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solicitor general

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Marybury v. Madison

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judicial review

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stare decisis

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let the decision stand

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model

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precedent

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unchallenged ruling on a law or action

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advisory opinion

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foundation for deciding cases

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law

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coalitions of justices

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voting blocs

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swing vote

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deciding vote

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the Senate's control over the Court

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confirmation power

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shape decisions the Court makes

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Congress and the president

STUDY

AP Government

The Constitution of the United States:Chapter 4 – Flashcards 37 terms

Kaiya Hebert

37 terms

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The Constitution of the United States:Chapter 4 – Flashcards

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Mayflower Compact

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The forerunner of the written constitution in America.

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Articles of Confederation

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America's first national constitution

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Confedaracy

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The central government is subordinate to state governments and has only the powers which they grant.

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Shays' Rebellion

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An attempt to stop governmental foreclosure on debt-ridden farms bu disrupting court proceedings.

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Great Decision

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The decision to put aside the Articles of Confederation and draft a brand new constitution for the United States.

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Three-Fifths Compromise

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It was agreed that three-fifths of a state's slave population would be counted in determining both taxation ans representation.

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Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise

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By this compromise it was agreed that Congress could regulate interstate and foreign commerce and the trade with the Indians but could not export levy taxes.

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federalism

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A division of the power of government and the state governments.

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separation of powers

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Political power is separated among three political institutions.

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checks and balances

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A system whereby each branch of government exercises a measure of control over the other branches in an effort to balance the power within the national government.

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Independence Hall

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The Pennsylvania State House; place where the Declaration of Independence was signed.

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George Washington

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One of the most famous Americans to attend the Constitutional convention; the first president.

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Benjamin Franklin

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The oldest delagate to attend the convention.

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James Madison

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"Father of the Constitution"

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Land Ordinance

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Provided for the surveying of western lands in the Northwest Territory.

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Charles de Montesquieu

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Thought of the idea of Separation of Powers in his book "The Spirit of the Laws"

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Describes the federal relationship between the states and the national government.

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Article IV (4)

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Established the executive branch

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Article II (2)

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Describes the Constitution as the "supreme law of the land"

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Article VI (6)

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Established the legislative branch

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Article I (1)

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Provides for amendments to the Constitution

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Article V (5)

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Set guidelines for the ratification of the Constitution

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Article VII (7)

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Established the judicial branch

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Article III (3)

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The documents that laid the foundation for many state constitutions.

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royal charters

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The body that served as the national government for the War for Independence.

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Second Continental Congress

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Accomplishments of the national government under the Articles of Confederation.

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Conclusion of the Treaty of Paris with the Great Britain wise disposition of western lands through the Land Ordinance of 1785 and provision for a plan of territory with the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.

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Three weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

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(1) At least nine states had to approve any measure before it could pass by Congress. (2) The Articles provided for no executive or judicial branches of government. (3) The Articles did not grant Congress the power to tax.

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Locations of the two preliminary meetings that led to the Constitutional Convention.

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Mount Vernon, Virginia and Annapolis, Maryland

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When the Constitutional Convention was held.

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1787

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Number of men who signed the Constitution

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Three words that describe James Madison's political thought.

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Constitutionalism, republilcanism, and federalism

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Three branches of gevernment established by the Constitution and explain the purpose of each.

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(1) The Legislative branch, which makes laws, imposes taxs, appropriates money, approves treaties, and appointments. (2) The executive branch, which carries out, or executes the laws. (3) The judical branch, which interprets the laws according to the Constitution.

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The form of government all states in the Union have according to Article IV (4).

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A Republican Form of Government

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What precedents for constitutional government were set by the compact and the charter?

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When the men of the Mayflower signed the Mayflower Compact, they limited themselves and their behavior to the rule of custom and law and agreed to show submission to colonial authority. The colonial charters were basically Constitutions; these charters became the "higher law" in many colonies, and all colonies legislation had to be in harmony with the charter. By the time the Constitution was written, the colonists were already accustomed to living under constitutional government.

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Give two reasons why the writing and ratifying of the state constitutions were important to the national Constitution.

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The fifty-five men who were at the Constitutional Convention had experience in writing constitutions for their own states. Once the states constitutions were enacted, the American people had opportunity to observe these constitutions in practice. Almost all of the features in the U.S. Constitution could be found in existing state constitutions.

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How did the Federalists differ in opinion from the Anti-Federalists?

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The Federalists wanted a new Constitution. The Anti-Federalists opposed the new Constitution.

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List and discuss the six purposes of the Constitution according to the Preamble.

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(1) To form a more perfect union (2) To establish justice (3) To ensure domestic tranquility (4) To provide for the common defense (5) To promote the general welfare (6) To secure the blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our posterity.

STUDY

AP Government Full Faith And Credit Maintain The Status Quo Micropolitan Statistical Area

Gov. 2306 – Flashcard 66 terms

Malcolm Bright

66 terms

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Gov. 2306 – Flashcard

question

What is a political culture?

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Values, attitudes, traditions, habits, and general behavioral patterns developed over time affecting state and regional political life.

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3 types of political culture

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Moralistic, Individualistic, and Traditionalistic politcal cultures.

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Moralistic political culture

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Government should advance public good, and public participation is a duty.

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Individualistic political culture

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The belief that Gov. should limit its role to providing order in society, so that citizens can purse their economic self-interest.

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Traditionalistic political culture

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The belief that Gov. should be dominated by political elites and guided by tradition.

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Elites

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a small group of people that dominates the political process.

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NAFTA

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Trade treaty among the U.S, Canada, and Mexico to lower and eliminate tariffs among the three countries. It has made trade and services the dominant industries

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Which type(s) of political culture does Texas have?

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Traditionalistic Individualistic political culture. Why?

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What has influenced Texas political culture?

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Sovereignty Old South Mexico 19th c. Frontier (1820-1870) How? taxes are kept low, and social services are minimized. * Yet the political culture of a state can change over time. It is difficult to classify the political culture of a state as large and as diverse as Texas in any one category.

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Historically, what were the three primary industries in Texas?

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* Cattle: Texas is #1 in Livestock production. * Cotton: Texas yields almost one-half of the nation's cotton supply. * Oil: Four of the ten largest oil fields are in Texas; "Pickens's Plan"; The BP oil spill has had a significant impact How does Texas fare in those industries today?

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What is size of the state's current population?

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24,782,302

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What is the distribution between urban and rural folks in Texas?

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Most Texans are more urban than rural. Graph: Texas Historical Rural and Urban Populations, 1950-2005

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Urbanization

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The process by which people move from rural areas to cities.

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Suburbanization

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explosive growth of relatively small towns and cities outside of corporate limits of a central city.

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Metropolitanization

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concentration of people in urban centers become linked in a single geographic entity.

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Article 1 | section 8

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Allows states to determine time, place, and manner of elections for house and senate representatives.

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Article 4 Purpose:

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privileges and immunities clause Full faith and credit clause DOMA/same-sex marriage Extradition provision

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Article 6:

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=Suffrage. Article 6 contains a short but detailed discussion about who may vote in Texas. It also empowers the Legislature to enact laws regulating voter registration and the selection of electors for president and vice president.

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Unitary

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Political system in which power is concentrated in a central government.

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Confederal

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Political system in which power is concentrated in the regional governments.

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Federalism

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Central=national Political system in which power is divided between regional and national governments.

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Nation federal tension/ conflict

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conflict between Mexico and Texas in 1836 A new Mexican constitution established a unitary system of government.

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Understand the reasons behind the first six Texas Constitutions that proceeded the current constitution.

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Texas has had six Constitutions reflecting the concerns of the historical periods in which they were written. The civil war and the reconstruction played a major role in shaping Texans' attitudes toward the dangers of strong state government.

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The first six Texas Constitutions.

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1.) 1827-1828: Mexico (state of Coahuila y Tejas) 2.) 1836: Republic of Texas 3.) 1845: Statehood - Annexation 4.) 1861: Secession -Confederacy Constitution/ Start of Civil War 5.) 1866: Presidential Reconstruction / Post Civil-War Constitution (Rejoining the Union) 6.) 1869: Radical Republican Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------- 1876: Post-Reconstruction/ Currently in force today

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1827-1828: The Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas (The First constitution that governed Texas when it was part of Mexico.)

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The constitution of 1827 formally guaranteed citizens the right to liberty, security, property, and equality. Problems Texas had with the 1827 Constitution: -Texas was far from Mexican Capital -Felt lack of national government attention -Increased U.S. immigration -Catholicism was the state religion in Texas -Texas had limits on African Slavery -There was state support for public education

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The constitution of the Republic of Texas: 1836 * Because of escalating tensions between Texas and Mexico, Texas declared its independence in 1836, established the Republic of Texas, and adopted a new constitution. Bicameral: having a legislative assembly composed of two chambers or houses.

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When Texas gained its independence and became its own country, this constitution came into effect. Had: -Elected President -Bicameral; elected legislative -multilevel judiciary -Bill of Rights The constitution recognized slavery, provided for male suffrage, contained a bill of rights, and excluded citizenship to African Americans and Native Americans

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The Texas state constitution of 1845 : Statehood - Annexation (Joining the U.S)

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The Constitution of 1845 was written in order to get Texas in the United States. This constitution established a permanent school fund, protected private homesteads from being taken to pay a debt, provided the right to own slaves, and guaranteed property rights for married women. Had: -Elected governor, strong appointment and the powers -Bicameral legislature -Supreme Court -Schools with money -Allowed Slavery -Really hard to amend

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1861: Secession -Confederacy Constitution/ Start of Civil War Texas joins the confederacy.

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Civil War, Texas played a role in the confederacy side by sending troops, clothes & cotton. When it seceded from the Union, Texas wrote this, further protecting slavery and outlawing setting slaves free. Had: -Slavery mainly East Texas and Gulf Coast (cotton) -1860, 1 in 4 families had slaves. Slaves = 1/3 of the population -Stressed slavery & state rights -Governor Sam Houston refused Oath

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1866: Presidential Reconstruction / Post Civil-War Constitution (Rejoining the Union)

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After the Civil War, Texas rewrote its constitution to once again be readmitted to the United States, but it was disapproved by the Reconstruction government. Had: -Rejected Texas' War debts -Renounced right to secede -Accepted abolition of slavery -Granted some (not full) rights to former slaves (No rights to hold office, vote, only testify in cases involving African Americans)

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1869: Radical Republican Reconstruction

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Written by the Reconstruction government, this state constitution gave the governor too much power and angered many Texans. -ranted black vote -Ratified all post Civil War Amendments -Drafted acceptable state Constitutions -Radical Republicans drafted activist document -Concentrated Power in Executive -Responsible for Public Affairs -Stronger judiciary -Increased public salaries -Schools attendance Compulsory

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Reasons for the 1876 Constitution

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A reaction to Reconstruction. this constitution put the power back in the hands of the people and limited the government, and is still in effect today -Basis for Texas government today -Excessive in length/poorly drafted -Contains deadwood (ideas/thoughts of 1876) -Legislative dominance -Local governments limited

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Both the US and Texas Constitutions include _____.

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Popular Sovereignty

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Similarity between Texas & US Constitution?

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-Bill of Rights -Popular Sovereignty -Separation of Powers (3 branches) -Check & Balance -Federalism Representative Democracy

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Differences between Texas & US Constitution?

answer

-Very long (Texas Con.) -Supremacy Clause (U.S. Con.) -Necessary & Proper Clause (U.S. Con.) Extremely limited Statutory (Texas Con.)

question

Explain the political environment in which the 1876 constitution was drafted.

answer

question

Describe the fundamental principles of the Texas Constitution.

answer

Popular Sovereignty: the people hold ultimate power in the government. Limited Government: No government is all powerful. Government must obey the law. Separation of Powers: No one component of the government holds too much power Powers are distributed among 3 different branches. Checks and Balances: Designed to prevent abuse of power in the government. Federalism: power is shared between the central/national government and the states. Judicial Review: the power of the courts to declare a law constitutional and unconstitutional.

question

Explain some of the major commonly-held criticisms of the Texas constitution.

answer

Too Long Plural executive Part-time legislature Balanced-budget contraints Structure of judiciary and judicial section Restrictions on local governments.

question

How many times has the Texas Constitution been adopted? Why?

answer

Since its initial adoption in 1876, the Texas Constitution has been amended over 467 times making it one of the longest state constitutions in the United States.

question

Discuss constitutional reform efforts in Texas.

answer

question

Identify the following Articles of the Texas Constitution for: Legislature

answer

Article 3 function is to make the laws of our nation.

question

Identify the following Articles of the Texas Constitution for: Executive

answer

Article 4 function is to enforce the laws of the nation.

question

Identify the following Articles of the Texas Constitution for: Judiciary

answer

Article 5 to interpret the laws.

question

Identify the following Articles of the Texas Constitution for: Bill of rights

answer

Article 1 Provides for "equality under law," freedoms of speech, press and religion, due process, and the right of "remonstrance"

question

Why has Texas NOT reformed its current constitution despite deficiencies?

answer

The current Constitution has many clauses and amendments that benefit special interest groups, and they would oppose any big changes.

question

Ch 4. separate notes.

answer

question

What are interest groups and what role do they play in Texas politics

answer

organized group that tries to influence the government to adopt certain policies or measures

question

How do interest groups differ from political parties?

answer

An interest group is an organization of people who join together voluntarily on the basis of some interest they share for the purpose of influencing policy. A political party is a group of individuals who join together to seek public office in order to influence public policy.

question

What are the conditions (protections/laws) that allow interest groups to form/exist?

answer

question

Why do people join interest groups?

answer

People join interest groups because they are strongly motivated by the group's goals or, perhaps, they believe they can exercise power within the group that they would not otherwise have. Groups also entice people to join them by offering group benefits or even by punishing those who do not join.

question

Purposive

answer

associated with social benefits derived from joining a group.

question

Material

answer

associated with economic benefits and opportunities derived from participating in the group.

question

Solidary

answer

are those associated with personal beliefs and/or ideological commitment to a given issue

question

What are free-riders?

answer

situation where some individuals in a population either consume more than their fair share of a common resource, or pay less than their fair share of the cost of a common resource. 2.

question

What are interest groups techniques?

answer

-Direct lobbying, testifying before Congress, socializing, political donations, endorsements, propaganda

question

Direct

answer

lobbying, ratings, ligation (filing law suits)

question

Indirect

answer

informing public, Political Action Committees(pacs) (hard &soft money), using constituents as lobbyists

question

What is the "revolving door"?

answer

Employment cycle in which individuals who work for government agencies regulating interests eventually end up working for interest groups or business with the same policy concern.

question

What makes for a powerful/successful interest group?

answer

-Internal -Size and resources -Leadership & strategy -Cohesiveness -External -Decentralization -Socioeconomic level -Individualism -Weak party competition

question

•How does the political context affect the strength/dominance of interest groups in Texas?

answer

question

Campaign financing laws:

answer

•Be able to provide a brief description of the two major campaign finance laws (1973 and 1991).

question

Campaign reporting and disclosure act 1973

answer

•Requires appointment of campaign treasurer before accepting and spending contributions. •out of state committees may contribute •specified criminal and civil penalties •candidates and campaign committees must file financial reports of all contributions over $50.

question

Texas ethics Commission 1991

answer

•Requires lobbyists to file periodic financial statements •Prohibits honoraria and pleasure trips •No limits on campaign contributions

question

Explain some of the problems associated with campaign finance laws in Texas.

answer

question

Explain role and powers of Texas ethics commission.

answer

-Created to enforce legal standards for lobbyist and public officials -Roles: Registers lobbyists election candidates, Gathers lobbyist client names and payments, Investigates and conducts hearings on ethic complaints against state officials, state employees and candidates.... But NO teeth

question

What are PACS?

answer

PAC = Political Action Committee. They're organized to raise and spend money in order to elect and defeat candidates.

question

What is the difference between a soft and hard money campaign contribution?

answer

"Hard money" refers to tightly regulated contributions to candidates, while "soft money" refers to unregulated, unlimited contributions to political parties for so-called "party-building" activities

STUDY

AP Government Politics of the United States Separate But Equal Doctrine United States Government-Comprehensive

Government lesson 6 multiple choice – Flashcards 30 terms

Lesly Ford

30 terms

Preview

Government lesson 6 multiple choice – Flashcards

question

The authority to hear certain cases is called A. the due process clause. B. the separate-but-equal doctrine. C. jurisdiction. D. litigation.

answer

C. jurisdiction.

question

When both the state court and the federal court have jurisdiction, it is called A. concurrent jurisdiction. B. appellate jurisdiction. C. the separate-but-equal doctrine. D. judicial review.

answer

A. concurrent jurisdiction.

question

The celebrated decision in this case gave the Supreme Court judicial review. A. Marbury v. Madison B. McCulloch v. Maryland C. Plessy v. Ferguson D. Slaughterhouse Case

answer

A. Marbury v. Madison

question

That no state may deprive any person of life, liberty, or property is part of A. litigation. B. original jurisdiction. C. the due process clause. D. appellate jurisdiction.

answer

C. the due process clause.

question

Cases involving maritime law come under jurisdiction of the A. state courts. B. maritime courts. C. appellate courts. D. federal courts

answer

D. federal courts

question

This court hears cases dealing with tariffs. A. territorial court B. legislative court C. court of appeals D. Court of International Trade

answer

D. Court of International Trade

question

This court helps Congress exercise its power. A. Court of the District of Columbia B. legislative court C. U.S. Court of Federal Claims D. United States Tax Court

answer

B. legislative court

question

If the government has not paid a bill for gods or services, you may sue in this court. A. U.S. Court of Appeals fro the Armed Forces B. U.S. Court of Federal Claims C. United States Tax Court D. territorial court

answer

B. U.S. Court of Federal Claims

question

Submitting a judicial candidate's name to the home state before a senatorial hearing is called A. state court courtesy B. judicial circuit C. judicial courtesy D. senatorial-courtesy system

answer

D. senatorial-courtesy system

question

This was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court. A. Ronald Reagan B. Thurgood Marshall C. Lyndon Johnson D. Sandra Day O'Connor

answer

B. Thurgood Marshall

question

Duties of the Supreme Court justices have developed from A. congressional orders B. Presidential requests C. Constitution D. laws and through tradition

answer

D. laws and through tradition

question

An assistant to a Supreme Court judge is a A. congressional page B. justice C. law clerk D. chief justice

answer

C. law clerk

question

Justices reach the Court through A. Electoral College vote B. popular vote C. senatorial appointment D. Presidential appointment

answer

D. Presidential appointment

question

This former President served as Chief Justice of the United States. A. Lyndon Johnson B. William Howard Taft C. Ronald Reagan D. Jimmy Carter

answer

B. William Howard Taft

question

Sandra Day O'Connor received a strong endorsement from this justice and former classmates A. Harry Blackmun B. Warren Burger C. Willian Howard Taft D. William Rehnquist

answer

D. William Rehnquist

question

The vast majority of cases heard by the Supreme Court reach the Court A. because of jurisdiction B. as appeals from lower court decisions C. because of Presidential requests D. from congressional hearings

answer

B. as appeals from lower court decisions

question

This is an order form the Court to send up the records on a case for review. A. per curiam B. writ of certiorari C. appeal D. amicus curiae

answer

D. amicus curiae

question

This is a written statement setting forth the legal arguments A. opinion B. brief C. amicus curiae D. per curiam opinion

answer

B. brief

question

One or more justices who agree with the majority's conclusions about a case, but do so for different reasons, write a A. majority opinion B. dissenting opinion C. concurring opinion D. unanimous opinion

answer

C. concurring opinion

question

The Fourteenth Amendment was important to Clarence Gideon because it gave him A. freedom of speech B. a lower bail C. a chance to argue in form of the Court D. a court-appointed lawyer

answer

C. a chance to argue in front of the Court

question

This is not a way the Supreme Court determines policy. A. using judicial review B. passing laws C. overruling or reversing its previous decisions D. interpreting the meaning of laws

answer

B. passing laws

question

This judicial review of state laws and actions changed law enforcement across the nation. A. Miranda v. Arizona B. Marbury v. Madison C. Train v. City of New York D. Brown v. Board of Education

answer

A. Miranda v. Arizona

question

The Lau v. Nichols case is an example of the Court A. using stare decisis. B. using judicial review. C. giving an advisory opinion. D. interpreting the meaning of federal laws.

answer

D. interpreting the meaning of federal laws.

question

This comprises the largest block of the Court's cases. A. due process of law B. civil liberties C. economic issues D. federal legislation

answer

B. civil liberties

question

This is not a limit on the Court's power. A. checks and balances B. restriction of types of issues C. congressional jurisdiction D. lack of enforcement power

answer

C. congressional jurisdiction

question

This person assigns the writing of opinions to the justices. A. Chief Justice of the United States B. President C. swing voter D. chief law clerk

answer

A. Chief Justice of the United States

question

The President's most important influence over the Court is the power to A. appoint justices with Senate consent. B. demand judicial review. C. override a decision. D. veto a ruling.

answer

A. appoint justices with Senate consent.

question

This President appointed four justices to the Court. A. Ronald Reagan B. Richard Nixon C. Jimmy Carter D. Bill Clinton

answer

B. Richard Nixon

question

The number of justices on the Court is set by A. the President. B. the Electoral College. C. popular vote. D. Congress

answer

D. Congress

question

The Court may reverse its earlier decision because of Select one: A. the President's request. B. an error in the first decision. C. a congressional amendment. D. changes in American society.

answer

D. changes in American society.

STUDY

AP Government Philosophers Of The Enlightenment Politics of the United States United States Government-Comprehensive

Texas Government. Chapter 2: the Texas Legislature, the Texas Constitution of 1845 – Flashcards 74 terms

Thomas Owen

74 terms

Preview

Texas Government. Chapter 2: the Texas Legislature, the Texas Constitution of 1845 – Flashcards

question

The Texas Constitution is

answer

a textbook example of what a constitution should not be.

question

The current Texas Constitution was drafted

answer

after the termination of Reconstruction policies.

question

Constitutions should provide a basic framework for government and leave the details to be defined

answer

in statutory law.

question

The Texas Constitution formally acknowledges the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution because

answer

it was required of the Confederate states for readmission to the Union.

question

Question 5. The Texas Constitution of 1836 created a legislature with two chambers. This is an example of a(n) ________ legislature.

answer

bicameral

question

During the 1820s and 1830s, Mexico's efforts to enforce its laws within Texas produced conflicts, which were exacerbated by what activity?

answer

increased immigration into Texas from the United States

question

________ was a major issue in the U.S. presidential campaign of 1844, and it was accelerated because of James K. Polk's election to the White House because he campaigned for it.

answer

Texas annexation

question

When eleven states seceded from the Union beginning in 1860, they formed a(n)

answer

confederacy.

question

In 1866, ________ established military governments throughout the South and required a Texas Constitution that would grant African Americans the right to vote.

answer

the Reconstruction Acts

question

Which Texas governor's highly unpopular policies contributed to the decisions of the Constitutional Convention of 1875 to limit and fragment the powers of the governor?

answer

Edmund J. Davis

question

The Constitution of 1876 attempted to restore economic stability to the state and give government control to the people. All of the following statements about the delegates to this convention are true except

answer

the most common occupation was merchant.

question

The text describes the Texas Constitution of 1876 as a _________, formed by free men, in which "all political power is inherent in the people..."

answer

social contract

question

_________ refers to the division of authority among three distinct branches of government-the legislative, the executive, and the judicial- which serve as checks and balances on one another's power.

answer

Separation of powers

question

Jason is a justice of the peace. As such, he was

answer

elected.

question

A member of a commission that sets policy for executive agencies not headed by elected officials was appointed by the previous governor. Which of the following statements is not true?

answer

The new governor can fire the member and replace him or her with a new appointee.

question

In 1972, Texas voters approved a constitutional amendment to

answer

lengthen the terms of the governor and other executive officeholders from two to four years.

question

The Texas Constitution does all of the following except

answer

mandates a set increase in taxes biannually.

question

Compared to the U.S. Constitution, which has 7,000 words, the Texas Constitution has ________ words.

answer

87,000

question

Which state has had the most constitutional amendments?

answer

Alabama

question

If a citizen wanted a proposed constitutional amendment to be put on the ballot, it would require

answer

approval by two-thirds of the House and the Senate.

question

Besides amendments, what other method of revising the constitution exists?

answer

Convention

question

When Maria applied for her job as a domestic worker, she was told she had to join a union to get the job. This violates the ________ law.

answer

right-to-work

question

What happened when the the legislature tried to resurrect the constitutional revision effort during its regular session in 1975?

answer

Voters rejected all eight propositions.

question

All of the following constitutional reforms were made via voter approved amendments between 1975 and 2012 except

answer

legalization of same-sex marriage.

question

What was Proposition 12?

answer

medical malpractice limits

question

Which of the following is true the Texas Constitution?

answer

It is an unwieldy and restrictive document.

question

The current Texas Constitution was written

answer

at the close of Reconstruction.

question

It can be said that constitutions

answer

reflect the events of the period in which they were written.

question

Unlike statutory law, constitutional law

answer

provides a basic framework for government.

question

Question 5. Why is limited government a major guiding principle of the current Texas Constitution?

answer

The 1876 Constitution was adopted following the Radical Reconstruction era.

question

The Texas Supreme Court has jurisdiction over

answer

civil matters.

question

In what way does the Texas legislative branch diverge from the intentions of the constitution's framers?

answer

Members are easily influenced by special interest groups.

question

In what year did Texas voters approve an amendment to lengthen the term of the governor?

answer

1972

question

Which of the following helped perpetuate a one-party system in Texas?

answer

restrictive voting measures

question

________ has had more constitutional amendments than any other state.

answer

Alabama

question

The Texas Constitution reflects a legacy of

answer

a conservative political culture.

question

Recent legal decisions indicate that Texas courts

answer

have become more active in interpreting the constitution in cases involving major state policies.

question

Unlike voters in many other states, Texas citizens

answer

cannot submit amendments for approval and initiate elections.

question

What can be said about efforts to reform the Texas Constitution?

answer

Many special interests benefit from the current constitution and oppose reform.

question

Unlike the U.S. Constitution, the Texas Constitution

answer

provides a plural executive base.

question

Which constitution was recopied almost whole into the Constitution of 1876?

answer

the Constitution of 1845

question

How did the Constitution of the Republic of Texas differ from the present Texas Constitution?

answer

It was not cluttered with detail.

question

Which Texas constitution was the first to prohibit slavery formally?

answer

the Constitution of 1866

question

How did the Civil War Constitution differ from the Constitution of 1845?

answer

It gave greater protection to slavery

question

What can be said about the delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1875?

answer

Many of the delegates represented agricultural interests.

question

________ of the Texas Constitution details the powers and restrictions imposed on the legislature.

answer

Article 3

question

The Texas legislature meets

answer

in regular sessions in odd-numbered years and special sessions called by the governor.

question

What was the outcome of the Constitutional Convention of 1974, and why?

answer

It failed because special interest groups dominated.

question

Elections on constitutional amendments draw voters to the polls

answer

in smaller numbers than any other type of election.

question

How have court interpretations of the constitution affected the rapid settlement of public disputes?

answer

Court rulings have prompted further amendments and court cases as various sides fight it out.

question

Texas has had ________ constitutions.

answer

seven

question

In what year did Texas adopt its first constitution?

answer

1827

question

The Constitution of 1845

answer

allowed Texas to become a state in the United States of America.

question

In what year did Texas legislators place a record seventeen constitutional amendments on the ballot?

answer

1987

question

In what year did the Texas Supreme Court rule in favor of farmers who had challenged governmental restrictions on how much water they could pump?

answer

2012

question

The Society of the Patrons of Husbandry, or the Grange, influenced

answer

the Constitution of 1876.

question

In what year did an amendment to the U.S. Constitution and a U.S. Supreme Court decision outlaw poll taxes?

answer

1966

question

Question 9. Which of the following would not be an ideal function of a constitution, according to scholars?

answer

provide detailed and restrictive laws

question

Unlike constitutional law, statutory law

answer

does not require voter approval.

question

What was the overriding interest governing the drafting of the first Constitution of the Republic of Texas?

answer

the preservation of the fledgling nation

question

When Texas constitutional framers drafted the Constitution of 1876, their primary goal was

answer

to restore economic stability and governmental control to the people.

question

Unlike the U.S. Constitution, the Texas Constitution

answer

provides specific details about the power of government agencies.

question

Which of the following would not affect the process of adding an amendment to the Texas Constitution?

answer

A statewide referendum system in Texas.

question

Which feature of the Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas continues to contribute to the Texas constitutional tradition?

answer

community property laws

question

In what fundamental way did the Constitution of the Republic of Texas differ from the Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas?

answer

It drew heavily from the U.S. Constitution.

question

Which of the following best describes the requirements of the Texas Constitution amendment process?

answer

House and Senate approval puts amendments on the ballot, and adoption requires a majority vote.

question

It can be said that Texans are historically

answer

suspicious of government.

question

How is the current Texas Constitution different from what the original framers had in mind?

answer

It allows the needs of special interests to prevail over the interests of the majority

question

The defeat of the right-to-work amendment reflects the dominance of which group?

answer

Pro-business Lobby

question

The constitutions of former Confederate states, including Texas, are the only state constitutions that

answer

formally acknowledge the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution.

question

Many recent changes to the Constitution of Texas have

answer

reflected a pro-industry and economic development push.

question

Unlike in the past, recent legal decisions indicate that Texas courts

answer

have become more active in interpreting the constitution in cases involving major state policies.

question

Which of the following is a factor that has made it difficult for Texas governors to set policy?

answer

Policy board members serve staggered six-year terms.

question

Which special interest had the most influence on the writing of the Constitution of 1876?

answer

agriculture

STUDY

AP Government Chief Justice Earl Warren Circuit Court Of Appeals Politics of the United States United States Government-Comprehensive

lesson 6 – Flashcard 30 terms

Tara Rose

30 terms

Preview

lesson 6 – Flashcard

question

The authority to hear certain cases is called

answer

jurisdiction

question

When both the state court and the federal court have jurisdiction, it is called

answer

concurrent jurisdiction

question

The celebrated decision in this case gave the Supreme Court judicial review.

answer

Marbury v. Madison

question

That no state may deprive any person of life, liberty, or property is part of

answer

the due process clause.

question

Cases involving maritime law come under jurisdiction of the

answer

federal courts

question

This court hears cases dealing with tariffs.

answer

Court of International Trade

question

This court helps Congress exercise its power.

answer

legislative court

question

If the government has not paid a bill for goods or services, you may sue in this court.

answer

U.S. Court of Federal Claims

question

Submitting a judicial candidate's name to the home state before a senatorial hearing is called

answer

senatorial-courtesy system

question

This was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court.

answer

Thurgood Marshall

question

Duties of the Supreme Court justices have developed from

answer

laws and through tradition

question

An assistant to a Supreme Court judge is a

answer

law clerk

question

Justices reach the Court through

answer

Presidential appointment

question

This former President served as Chief Justice of the United States.

answer

William Howard Taft

question

Sandra Day O'Connor received a strong endorsement from this justice and former classmate.

answer

William Rehnquist

question

The vast majority of cases heard by the Supreme Court reach the Court

answer

as appeals from lower court decisions

question

This is an order from the Court to send up the records on a case for review.

answer

writ of certiorari

question

This is a written statement setting forth the legal arguments.

answer

brief

question

One or more justices who agree with the majority's conclusions about a case, but do so for different reasons, write a

answer

concurring opinion

question

The Fourteenth Amendment was important to Clarence Gideon because it gave him

answer

a court-appointed lawyer

question

This is not a way the Supreme Court determines policy.

answer

passing laws

question

This judicial review of state laws and actions changed law enforcement across the nation.

answer

Miranda v. Arizona

question

The Lau v. Nichols case is an example of the Court

answer

interpreting the meaning of federal laws

question

This comprises the largest block of the Court's cases.

answer

civil liberties

question

This is not a limit on the Court's power.

answer

congressional jurisdiction

question

This person assigns the writing of opinions to the justices.

answer

Chief Justice of the United States

question

The President's most important influence over the Court is the power to

answer

appoint justices with Senate consent

question

This President appointed four justices to the Court.

answer

Richard Nixon

question

The number of justices on the Court is set by

answer

Congress

question

The Court may reverse its earlier decision because of

answer

An error in the first decision

STUDY

AP Government Federal Court System Federal District Courts Politics of the United States

We the People 10th Edition Chapter 9 – Flashcards 20 terms

Kaitlynn Baldwin

20 terms

Preview

We the People 10th Edition Chapter 9 – Flashcards

question

appellate jurisdiction

answer

The authority of a given court to review cases that have already been tried in lower courts and are appealed to it by the losing party

question

brief

answer

A written statement by a party in a court case that details its argument

question

concurring opinion

answer

A separate opinion written by a Supreme Court justice who votes with the majority in the decision on a case but who disagrees with their reasoning.

question

decision

answer

A vote of the Supreme Court in a particular case that indicates which party the justices side with and by how large a margin

question

dissenting opinion

answer

The opinion of a justice in a Supreme Court case that explains his or her reasons for disagreeing with the majority's decision

question

facts (of a court case)

answer

The relevant circumstances of a legal dispute or offense as determined by a trial court. The facts of a case are crucial because they help determine which law or laws are applicable in the case.

question

judicial activism

answer

The doctrine that the courts should develop new legal principles when judges see a compelling need, even if this action places them in conflict with the precedent or the policy decisions of elected officials.

question

judicial conference

answer

A closed meeting of the justices of the U.S. Supreme Court to discuss and vote on the cases before them; the justices are not supposed to discuss conference proceedings with outsiders.

question

judicial restraint

answer

The doctrine that the judiciary should broadly defer to precedent and the judgement of legislatures

question

judicial review

answer

The power of courts to decide whether a governmental institution has acted within its within its constitutional powers and, if not, to declare its action null and void

question

jurisdiction (of a court)

answer

A given court's authority to hear cases of a particular kind. Jurisdiction may be original or appellate.

question

living constitution theory

answer

A method of interpreting the Constitution that emphasizes the principles it embodies and their application to changing circumstances and needs.

question

majority opinion

answer

A court opinion that results when a majority of the justices are in agreement on the legal basis of the decision.

question

opinion (of a court)

answer

A court's written explanation of its decision, which serves to inform others of the legal basis for the decision. Supreme Court opinions are expected to guide the decisions of lower courts.

question

original jurisdiction

answer

The authority of a given court to be the first court to hear a case.

question

originalism theory

answer

A method of interpreting the Constitution that emphasizes the meaning of its words at the time they were written.

question

plurality opinion

answer

A court opinion that results when a majority of justices agree on a decision in a case but do not agree on the legal basis for the decision. In this instance, the legal position held by most of the justices on the winning side is called a plurality opinion.

question

precedent

answer

A judicial decision that serves as a rule for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature

question

senatorial courtesy

answer

The tradition that a US Senator from the state in which a federal judicial vacancy has arisen should have a say in the presidents nomination of the new judge if the senator is of the same party as the president

question

writ of certiorari

answer

permission granted by a higher court to allow a losing party in a legal case to bring the case before it for a ruling; 4 of the 9 justices must agree to accept the case

STUDY

AP Government AP United States History High Crimes And Misdemeanors Politics of the United States

History Ch 8 – Flashcards 40 terms

Kaiya Hebert

40 terms

Preview

History Ch 8 – Flashcards

question

Under the Articles of Confederation, the confederation government lacked

answer

an executive and judicial branch as well as the power to levy taxes.

question

Under the Articles of Confederation,

answer

each state had a single vote in Congress.

question

The Articles of Confederation were finally approved in 1781 when all the states agreed to surrender their

answer

claims to western lands.

question

Most of the new states spelled out their citizens' rights and liberties in written contracts because

answer

the unwritten nature of British political traditions led to Americans being denied liberties they had assumed they possessed.

question

A shared feature of all the state constitutions drawn up during the American Revolution was

answer

the conviction that government rests on the consent of the governed.

question

In devising their new constitutions, most states

answer

reduced the powers of the governor.

question

Virginia's constitution was the first to

answer

include a bill of rights.

question

Writers of the new state constitutions believed that voting requirements should

answer

include property ownership because property owners had independence of mind.

question

Which state allowed free blacks and women to vote in the early years of the republic?

answer

New Jersey

question

Some states were reluctant to include "equality language" in their bills of rights and constitutions because

answer

they were afraid the words could be construed to apply to slaves.

question

In the quarter century after 1775, legislatures provided for the immediate or gradual abolition of slavery in

answer

most northern states.

question

Factors leading to the postwar depression that began in the mid-1780s included

answer

huge state and federal war debts, private debt, and rapid expenditure.

question

Robert Morris proposed to increase the revenue of the confederation government by

answer

passing a 5 percent import tax (called an impost).

question

In the land ordinances of 1784 and 1785, Congress

answer

set out a rectangular grid system for surveying land and established township perimeters.

question

Under the Ordinance of 1785's guidelines for land sales in the Northwest Territory, land would be sold

answer

by public auction at a minimum purchase price of a dollar per acre and in minimum parcels of 640 acres each.

question

The most serious obstacle to settlement in the Northwest Territory was

answer

clashes with the Indian tribes that occupied the land.

question

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

answer

prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory.

question

Shays's Rebellion of 1786 was the result of

answer

increased taxes on farmers in Massachusetts.

question

Massachusetts responded to Shays's Rebellion with a

answer

dispatch of a private army of militiamen.

question

The major legacy of Shays's Rebellion was

answer

the realization that the Articles of Confederation were inadequate and thus a reworking of national government was needed.

question

The delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 generally

answer

were concerned about the weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation.

question

The fundamental issue raised at the Constitutional Convention was

answer

how to balance the conflicting interests of large and small states.

question

At the Constitutional Convention, the proposal to create a two-chamber legislature, with representation in both houses based on each state's population, was known as the

answer

Virginia Plan.

question

The major objection to the Virginia Plan by the smaller states at the Constitutional Convention was

answer

that the representation of the states in both houses of the congress would be based on population.

question

The New Jersey Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention

answer

called for a one-chamber legislature in which each state would have one vote.

question

The Constitutional Convention deadlocked over the issue of

answer

representation.

question

As a part of the Great Compromise, delegates at the Philadelphia convention agreed

answer

on a lower house whose seats would be apportioned on the basis of population, and an upper house—the Senate—that would have two senators per state.

question

At the Philadelphia convention, which of the following was the compromise reached on the issue of who counted as population for the purpose of deciding representation?

answer

Slaves were counted under the three-fifths clause

question

When the Constitution was drafted, slavery was

answer

not named, but its existence was recognized and guaranteed.

question

In a new distinction between democracy and republicanism, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention

answer

gave a direct voice to the people only in the House.

question

To create a presidency out of the reach of direct democracy, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention

answer

devised the electoral college.

question

Before the Constitution could go into effect, it had to be ratified

answer

by ratifying conventions in nine of the thirteen states.

question

The Constitution most clearly shifted the balance of power in favor of

answer

national over state governments.

question

Pro-Constitution forces called themselves

answer

Federalists

question

The first state to ratify the Constitution was

answer

Delaware

question

Antifederalists were united mainly by

answer

their desire to block the Constitution.

question

Antifederalism in New York centered on

answer

the state's size and power in relation to the new federal government.

question

The authors of the series of essays known as The Federalist Papers originally wrote them

answer

as newspaper articles detailing the failures of the Articles of Confederation.

question

In essay number 10 of The Federalist, James Madison maintained that the constitutional government would

answer

prevent any one faction from subverting the freedom of other groups.

question

The core of Antifederalists' opposition to the Constitution centered on

answer

fear that distant power might infringe on people's liberties.

STUDY

AP Government Judicial Branch Of Government Politics of the United States Three Fifths Compromise United States Government-Comprehensive

Unit Review Test Answers – Flashcards 35 terms

Ray Collins

35 terms

Preview

Unit Review Test Answers – Flashcards

question

An important part of Article VI in the Constitution is the

answer

Supremacy Clause.

question

The Judiciary Act of 1789 gave powers to the judicial branch that went beyond what the Constitution outlined. Because of this, the ac

answer

was ruled unconstitutional.

question

A responsibility of the vice president is

answer

to become president if necessary.

question

An inference that can be drawn from the Supremacy Clause is that

answer

federal laws are superior to state laws.

question

How did Anti-Federalists feel about a strong central government?

answer

They opposed it.

question

Which would most likely fall under appellate jurisdiction?

answer

a case appealed from a lower court

question

Which statement best describes the body paragraphs of an argumentative essay?

answer

The body paragraphs flesh out the argument and include counterclaims and evidence from research.

question

The first step in approving the Constitution involved sending it to

answer

the states.

question

The Constitution limits the executive branch from declaring war by giving that power to

answer

the legislative branch.

question

Protection of habeas corpus means that

answer

citizens cannot be held without legal action

question

What was the Federalists' position on creating a bill of rights?

answer

They thought it was unnecessary because the Constitution would already limit government powers.

question

Why did Federalists argue for a separation of powers?

answer

No single branch of government would have too much power.

question

The power to declare war belongs to

answer

national government.

question

What would a bill of rights accomplish?

answer

It would limit government powers.

question

Writing a state constitution is an example of

answer

a reserved power.

question

The Necessary and Proper Clause in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution gives Congress powers.

answer

implied

question

The Constitution regulates government powers by

answer

providing guides and limits to the government's power.

question

During criminal cases, which are guaranteed by the Constitution?

answer

trials and juries

question

Read this outline for an argumentative essay about government. 1. People have different ideas about the role of government. A. The primary purpose of government is to provide social services. 2. Government should provide services for people who are poor or elderly. A. Government can effectively provide the services that poor and elderly people need. B. Food stamps keep people from going hungry. C. Medicare and Medicaid provide health care. D. Some people believe social services are an entitlement and not a right, but many people could not survive without them. 3. Government's main role is provide to social services, such as food stamps. The underlined sentence in the outline is the

answer

claim

question

According to Anti-Federalists, the Constitution

answer

could give the president too much influence.

question

What is the last step to creating an argumentative essay?

answer

revising

question

An unanswered Constitutional question about the judicial branch is

answer

how to create lower federal courts.

question

Declaring war and coining money are considered

answer

expressed powers.

question

What does Article 1, Section 7 of the Constitution explain?

answer

the process for creating a law

question

Appellate jurisdiction refers to

answer

the Supreme Court's authority to hear a case from a lower court.

question

Powers shared by the federal government and state governments are known as

answer

concurrent powers

question

Which best describes how the executive branch affects the power of the military?

answer

The executive branch checks the power of the military

question

Which is a true statement about the Full Faith and Credit Clause?

answer

The Full Faith and Credit Clause deals with legal proceedings between states.

question

Article II of the Constitution defines the roles of

answer

the president and the vice president.

question

Which powers are given directly to the people?

answer

reserved

question

Why did William Marbury support the Judiciary Act of 1789?

answer

It allowed Marbury to take his case to the Supreme Court.

question

Which is an example of federal supremacy?

answer

A state is not allowed to tax federal money because federal law is superior.

question

Which is the best example of how the Constitution made the federal government stronger in dealing with other countries?

answer

The federal government has the power to maintain a military

question

The idea of means that government is created by the people and for the people.

answer

popular sovirgnity

question

Why were the Articles of Confederation replaced with the Constitution?

answer

The Articles of Confederation did not give strong power to the federal government.

STUDY

A Level History AP Government AP United States Government And Politics Provide For The Common Defense

Federalist Papers No. 10 Test Questions – Flashcards 8 terms

Julie Noel

8 terms

Preview

Federalist Papers No. 10 Test Questions – Flashcards

question

That our government is too unstable and that the public good is rarely served and often disregarded. Also, that there is great injustice within the United States government

answer

What is the complaint about government that Madison addresses in his essay?

question

Faction: Group of citizens, majority or minority 1. Destroying the liberty 2. Giving to every citizen sam opinions, passions, and interests BAD ^^ b/c liberty iss essential to political life Men are diverse=barrier on agreeing to common interests

answer

What is a faction? What are causes of faction? Why does Madison say that we cannot and should not try to remove the causes of faction?

question

The influence and sentiments of [protection of different and unequal faculties of acquiring property, possession of different kinds of property] cause the division of society

answer

What, according to Madison, is the root cause of the division of society into factions?

question

The unequal distribution of property causes a division of classes, interests, and views. This causes the society to ultimately divide into factions

answer

What significant conflict is created by a system of democratic decision make in a society characterized by factions?

question

When a faction is a majority, it can disregard minorities by defeating their "sinister views" by vote. It sacrifices public good and rights of other citizens.

answer

How are the public good and the rights of minorities to be protected when a majority is included in a faction?

question

Democracy doesn't cure the harm done by a faction. Democracies are turbulent and don't last long

answer

Why can a pure democracy "admit of no cure to the mischiefs of faction"?

question

A government administered by representatives of the people. Yes, it "promises the cure for which we are seeking".

answer

What is a republic? And why, in Madison's opinion, does a republic promise a cure for such mischiefs?

question

To guard against cabals [people w/ secret political motivation] AND it will present a greater opinion and probability of a fit choice 1. Each rep=chosen by larger # of people=more difficult for an unworthy candidate to be elected 2. Larger society=Variety of people, parties, and interests=less likely for a majority to invade rights of other citizens A republic controls effects of a faction better than a democracy

answer

Why is a cure more likely in a large (both in population and in size) republic than in a small one? What are two specific advantages does a large republic have over a small one?

STUDY

AP Government

Unit Branches The Senate Committee – Flashcards 90 terms

Millie Miller

90 terms

Preview

Unit Branches The Senate Committee – Flashcards

question

Which of these is an expressed power of Congress?

answer

admitting new states

question

Which of these actions is forbidden by the Constitution?

answer

creating a law ex post facto

question

What can happen if the president chooses to veto a law that has been passed?

answer

The president's decision can be overridden by a majority of Congress.

question

Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution describes what kind of congressional powers?

answer

expressed

question

Which statement about Congress is accurate?

answer

It is based on the Constitution's bicameral legislature.

question

Why has the House of Representatives grown so much faster than the Senate?

answer

Representation is based on population, and the US has grown steadily.

question

Which statement applies to both senators and representatives?

answer

They can be expelled for breaking rules.

question

Congress checks on the power of the presidency by

answer

overriding a presidential reversal or veto.

question

After a bill has been introduced, what happens next?

answer

It is reviewed in committee.

question

According to the Constitution, how long is a senator's term?

answer

six years

question

Which statement about the bill process is accurate?

answer

A bill can have a second chance after a veto.

question

Which of these steps is second in the bill process?

answer

The bill passes in both houses.

question

What is the focus of Article I of the Constitution?

answer

describing the powers of the legislative branch

question

A group of people united to promote a cause is called a

answer

caucus.

question

Revenue bills can be proposed only by

answer

the House.

question

Which of these is an exclusive power of the House of Representatives?

answer

to impeach a government official

question

What happens first when a bill is introduced in the House?

answer

The bill is assigned to a committee, who looks into it and recommends changes.

question

The person who has the job of maintaining order in the House is the

answer

Speaker of the House.

question

Who in the House has the power to lead the caucus and control the agenda?

answer

the Speaker of the House

question

Read the quote from a member of the House. In order to do our job well, we spend a lot of time meeting with people who live in our states to tell them about what is happening in government and to listen to their ideas about how to improve life in our country. —Representative Mike Honda California District 17 San Jose, CA To which duty of a House member does this quote most likely refer?

answer

to meet with constituents in Washington D.C. and in the district

question

What is the hierarchy in the structure of the House?

answer

The Speaker is at the top, and the members are at the bottom.

question

How long is a representative's term of office?

answer

two years

question

How does the Speaker exert power over a committee?

answer

by appointing the chair and a majority of the members

question

Which describes a difference between the duties of House members and the duties of Senate members?

answer

Senate members represent state interests while House members represent district interests.

question

Which is the proper order of a bill becoming a law after it is introduced in the Senate?

answer

committee, debate, Senate approval, House approval, presidential action

question

Which group within the Senate has the most power over legislation?

answer

the majority party

question

The most powerful member of the Senate is

answer

the majority party leader.

question

How many senators represent each state?

answer

two

question

A senator can delay or impede a bill by

answer

using a filibuster.

question

Read Vice President Aaron Burr's quote about the Senate. [The Senate] is a sanctuary; a citadel of law, of order, and of liberty; and it is here - it is here, in this exalted refuge; here, if anywhere, will resistance be made to the storms of political phrensy and the silent arts of corruption. What was Burr most likely saying about the Senate?

answer

The Senate is the stable, righteous, and reliable arm of government.

question

Which statement correctly describes the Senate?

answer

It's the upper chamber of Congress and has one hundred members.

question

Which Senate committee is equally staffed by both parties?

answer

the joint committee

question

A senator's term of office is

answer

six years.

question

During the State of the Union address, the president is required to report to

answer

members of Congress.

question

A limitation on the president's power to appoint ambassadors is that

answer

the Senate must approve them.

question

What does the executive branch do?

answer

carry out laws

question

The State of the Union address requires the president to update the on what is going on in the country.

answer

Congress

question

Article II of the Constitution defines the roles of

answer

the president and the vice president.

question

The president signing a trade agreement with China is an example of

answer

making a treaty.

question

Which statement best explains why the Constitution limits the power of the executive branch?

answer

The Constitution limits the executive branch to keep the president from becoming too powerful.

question

A general limitation on the power of the president is

answer

the possibility of impeachment.

question

Which is an example of a presidential power that has no clear limitation?

answer

granting pardons

question

Which best describes how the Electoral College affects the executive branch?

answer

The Electoral College chooses the president and vice president.

question

What does the president do together with the State Department?

answer

negotiate and sign treaties

question

A qualification for president under Article II of the Constitution is

answer

being born in the United States.

question

A challenge that modern presidents face is

answer

leading their political party.

question

Who helped expand the power of the presidency?

answer

Theodore Roosevelt

question

The Executive Office of the President is led by

answer

the chief of staff.

question

Read the quote from President Theodore Roosevelt's autobiography. My view was that every executive officer . . . was a steward of the people. . . . I declined to adopt the view that what was imperatively necessary for the nation could not be done by the president unless he could find some specific authorization to do so. What did President Roosevelt believe about the powers of the president?

answer

Presidential power can extend beyond the Constitution when it is best for the nation.

question

Over time, the power of the presidency has expanded because

answer

the office of the president is important and the nation needs stronger leadership.

question

The president can quickly respond to economic, social, or political needs by

answer

signing executive orders.

question

Cabinet members report to the

answer

president.

question

The purpose of the office of the president is to

answer

help run the government.

question

Which is the most accurate description of the office of the president?

answer

groups of advisers who help the president

question

Which combination would the president most likely use to convince Congress to pass an economic stimulus bill?

answer

formal and informal powers

question

The executive department that regulates airlines is

answer

the Department of Transportation.

question

The executive branch under the president, including the cabinet, is called the

answer

federal bureaucracy.

question

Cabinet members offer advice to

answer

the president.

question

Which executive department would most likely try to stop a terrorist attack?

answer

the Department of Homeland Security

question

To become leaders of the executive bureaucracy, cabinet members are approved by

answer

the Senate.

question

A major role for executive departments is

answer

protecting the public welfare.

question

Which executive agency would most likely investigate cases of espionage?

answer

the Central Intelligence Agency

question

Which describes cabinet members?

answer

They lead executive departments.

question

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and NASA are both examples of

answer

Independent agencies.

question

What is the function of cabinet members in the federal bureaucracy?

answer

They oversee large executive departments and report to the president.

question

Read this introduction to an informative essay about the Secret Service. Part of the executive branch, the Secret Service was created by President Abraham Lincoln in April 1865. At the time, it belonged to the Department of Treasury and protected US currency. Since then, the role of the Secret Service has grown and changed. Now part of the US Department of Homeland Security, the Secret Service protects government leaders as well as the nation's currency. Which statement could be added to the introduction as the writer revises the essay?

answer

President Lincoln created the Secret Service to investigate and prevent the practice of counterfeiting.

question

Read this excerpt from the body paragraphs of an informative essay. The Secret Service guards government leaders and protects money. The agency also investigates financial crimes. How could this excerpt be improved as the writer revises the essay?

answer

The writer could include more details and factual support.

question

Read this prompt for an informative essay. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provides a number of services to the American public. These services protect consumers from harmful food, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals. Choose one of the services the FDA performs to discuss in an informative essay. Do outside research and write an essay about this service and the manner in which the agency provides this service to the public. What will be the topic of the essay?

answer

a service provided by the FDA

question

This flow chart shows some of the steps to writing an informative essay. This flow chart shows the

answer

drafting process.

question

Read this excerpt from the body paragraphs of an informative essay. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issues a warning when a foodborne illness breaks out. The agency informs the public about foods to avoid on their website and in public statements. The FDA also tells consumers what to do if they become sick. Which detail would provide helpful, factual support to this excerpt?

answer

examples of foodborne illnesses

question

To show how a new body paragraph relates to a previous topic, a writer should

answer

include an effective transition.

question

Read this sentence from an informative essay. After the Civil War, the amount of counterfeit money in circulation was a big problem for the government. The sources for this fact are an article entitled "Know Your Money" from the US Secret Service website and an encyclopedia article entitled "United States Secret Service" by Michael Ray. How should the sources be listed in a parenthetical citation?

answer

(Know Your Money; Ray)

question

A student is writing an informative essay about the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA). How would FEMA's website differ from an outside source?

answer

The FEMA website would be more likely to have accurate information than an outside source.

question

Read this conclusion from an informative essay. The Secret Service provides an important service in protecting the nation's money as well as the nation's leading government officials. The agency was created so that valuable human and financial resources are safe. This excerpt is an example of a strong conclusion because it

answer

sums up the key points in the essay and presents a final opinion.

question

Read this citation for an informative essay. Davis, Victoria. Joining the Secret Service. Washington, D.C.: Free Print Press, 2013. This citation is for

answer

a book.

question

Within the hierarchy of the federal bureaucracy, the cabinet is

answer

higher than independent agencies.

question

Read part of an outline for an informative essay about the Food and Drug Administration. II. The FDA labels processed foods. A. FDA labels identify the ingredients used to make products. B. FDA labels explain the nutrition content of food. C. FDA labels explain if the product might harm people who have allergies. III. The FDA warns the public about harmful food. A. The FDA issues a warning when a foodborne illness breaks out. B. The FDA tells consumers which foods to avoid. C. The FDA tells consumers what to do if they get sick. Which statement would best connect the two sections?

answer

The Food and Drug Administration not only informs consumers about food content, it also warns them when they are at risk from the foods they eat.

question

How is the lawmaking power of the House limited?

answer

The Senate can oppose its bills.

question

How many steps must be taken for a House bill to become law?

answer

six

question

What is the Senate's only defense to a filibuster?

answer

invoking cloture

question

A duty of the president is to head

answer

the executive branch.

question

How are independent executive agencies different from cabinet executive agencies?

answer

They are more specialized.

question

Who would the president most likely ask for advice about reforming labor practices?

answer

a cabinet member

question

The role of the Senate in regard to treaties is to

answer

approve international treaties.

question

Regulatory agencies oversee the nation's

answer

economy.

question

According to Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution, each state representative must have

answer

reached a minimum age of twenty-five years old.

question

A responsibility of the vice president is

answer

to become president if necessary.

question

The role of the president has evolved over time because

answer

the needs of the nation have changed.

question

The lawmaking responsibility of the members of the House is to

answer

propose, amend, and vote on bills and resolutions.

question

Protection of habeas corpus means that

answer

citizens cannot be held without legal action.

STUDY

AP Government Politics of the United States

How a Bill becomes law AP Gov – Flashcards 15 terms

Adrien Vincent

15 terms

Preview

How a Bill becomes law AP Gov – Flashcards

question

Bill

answer

is a proposed law that is enforced the executive branch. However, not all laws are criminal statures. "be it enacted"

question

Resolution

answer

a declartion of congress, like war

question

1. Bill to law step one-Proposal

answer

Anyone can propose a bill. Most legislation is proposed by members of congress or executive branch. Lobbyists & special intersts groups propose bills as well. All revenue and appropriation bills MUST start in the house.

question

2. Step two- Introduction or "sponsorship"

answer

A member of Congress has to introduce the bill in either house. On average about 1000 bills become law. This introduction is called the "first reading" but only the title and Bill # are read outloud.

question

2a. Introduction in the House of Reps

answer

A bill must be physically given to the clerk of the house, called "dropping it in the hopper"

question

2b. Introduction in the Senate

answer

Bills are introduced during "morning hour". This is between 12 and 2pm. Also the senator must introduce the bill to the senate clerk verbally.

question

3. Standing Committee

answer

Committee is supposed to make congress more efficient. Bill goes to Committee who can do the following: 1) Refer the bill to the appropriate committee 2) Public hearings 3) Mark up sessions (analyzation of bill) 4) Committee action

question

3a. goes to rule committee who "acts as the traffic cop"

answer

They screen out unspported/inessential bills.This determines how a bill will be elected in the house. They make two decisions: 1) can decide which calender a bill is placed on (can kill it) 2) Decide rules that apply for debate such as either "closed rule" or "open rule"

question

3b. Definition of open/closed rule + calenders

answer

Open rule- anyone can add amendments on the floor closed rule- only members of sponsoring commitee can edit bill 4 types of calenders: 1. Union- revenue/appropriations 2. house- all other public bills 3. Private- bypasses the rule committee, so its the fast track. aimed at private individuals. 4. Consent- bills that require little debate

question

How to bypass the rules committee

answer

suspension of rules- need 2/3 of those present and needs to be recognized by speaker Calender weds- Try skip the rules committee Discharge petition- demands that a bill be released by rules committee (almost never happens)

question

4. Floor debate (for the house)

answer

Every measure on union and house calender is seen by the Committee of the Whole (entire house). There is equal time between minority and majority leaders, who pick who will debate for their party. The speaker often designates a senior member who is familiar with the bill to be the presiding officer. This allows for a faster and open debate, which is the purpose of the Committee of the Whole.

question

4b.Senate Debate

answer

No time limit on debate...allows fora filibuster which means the speaker stalls the vote through endless talking. To invoke the cloture rule and end a filibuster, 3/5 of the senate must agree on it. The number used to be 2/3.

question

5. Vote

answer

Three kinds of vote: Voice vote- all those in favor ay...there's no paper trail Rising vote- Stand if in favor ... again no paper trail Recorded Vote- name and vote are recorded

question

6. Goes to conference committee

answer

Irons out any differences between the bill that was approved on one house and the bill approved in the other

question

7. Presidential options

answer

1-Can choose to make it law by signing it 2- can do nothing and it will become law in 10 working days 3- can formally veto it and must state why *2/3 of congress vote needed to override veto (rare) 4- Pocket veto if congress has adjourned before 10 days, he doesnt have to say why he vetoed the bill

STUDY

AP Government Political Action Committee Political Behavior United States Government-Comprehensive

Essay outlines – AP Gov and Politics – Flashcards 24 terms

Kate Moore

24 terms

Preview

Essay outlines – AP Gov and Politics – Flashcards

question

open primary (essay 1 part a)

answer

primary election in which any voter can cast a ballot in any party's primary

question

caucus (essay 1 part a)

answer

a meeting or gathering of members of a political party where members deliberate and choose from the list of those seeking the presidential nomination

question

winner take all primary (essay 1 part b)

answer

-shortens the timeframe for candidates wrapping up the nomination -affects strategic decisions (allocation of funds) -advantages those with more prominence or better name recognition early in the process

question

How super delegates increase the power of party leaders (essay 1 part c)

answer

-party leaders are now assured a role in the nomination process, regardless of which candidate they support -Party leaders can cast the deciding vote in close nomination contests -Superdelegates are unpledged and therefore can change their minds on candidates as the process unfolds

question

Reasons why campaign strategies differ (essay 1 part d)

answer

-the electorate in the primary election is different from the electorate in the general election -a candidate's opponents in the primary are fellow partisans, whereas opponents in the general election are from other parties -there are differences in financing, media coverage, and current events leading up to the general election

question

winner take all feature of the electoral college (essay 2 part a)

answer

the candidate who gets the most votes (or a majority, a plurality, more than any other candidate) wins all of state's electoral votes.

question

How it affects presidential candidates run their campaigns (essay 2 part b)

answer

-Resource allocation or focus on competitive states, swing states, and large states where candidates spend their time or money or buy media -issues (an issue may swing a bloc of votes in a state) -choice of vice-president (regional balance)

question

Why winner take all hinders third party at the state level (essay 2 part c)

answer

-third party candidates may get a lot of popular votes but no electoral votes unless they carry a state -the difficulty of winning electoral votes hampers the ability to raise funds and gain other campaign resources

question

Why the electoral college has not been abolished (essay 2 part d)

answer

-history/tradition -would require constitutional amendment -no clear consensus on an alternative -collectively benefits small states -collectively benefits large states -competitive states like it -favors two-party system

question

How the media affects the formation of policy agenda (essay 3 part a)

answer

-media framing of issues -affects agenda setting by what it chooses to cover (priming/gatekeeping/watchdog)

question

How elections affect the formation of policy agenda (essay 3 part a)

answer

-election winners control agenda -initiative process -issues raised during campaigns

question

Description of congressional committees in the enactment of public policy (essay 3 part b)

answer

committee actions related to the enactment of public policy (gatekeeper/mark-up legislation/hold hearings)

question

Description of executive orders in the enactment of public policy (essay 3 part b)

answer

-presidents use executive orders to enact policy -Bypass congress

question

bureaucratic discretion in the implementation of public policy (essay 3 part c)

answer

bureaucrats have the ability to shape implementation of public policy

question

iron triangles in the implementation of public policy (essay 3 part c)

answer

interest group(s)/congressional committees(s) pressure bureaucracy to implement policy that benefits them

question

How veto power affects congressional decision making (essay 4 part a)

answer

-results in congressional interaction with the president/executive branch during the legislative process (bargaining, negotiation, compromising, consulting) -Prevents or discourages congressional action if the president makes a statement of clear opposition or threatens a veto

question

how power to issue executive orders affects congressional decision making (essay 4 part a)

answer

-Congress acts in response to or anticipates executive orders (countermands, preempts, compromises) -Congress avoids taking action on controversial issues

question

how power as commander in chief affects congressional decision making (essay 4 part a)

answer

-Congress engages in oversight activities -Congress clarifies its role associated with the power to declare war (war powers act) -Congress controls military spending and thus can improve, modify, or reject funding

question

how power of legislative oversight affects presidential decision making (essay 4 part b)

answer

-Presidents minimize the number or extent of actions that might draw congressional scrutiny

question

how senate advice and consent power affects presidential decision making (essay 4 part b)

answer

-Presidents weigh the implications of making controversial or ideological nominations or appointments -presidents use recess appointments, avoiding congressional confirmation battles -Presidents executive agreements to avoid the need to have treaties ratified

question

how budgetary power affects presidential decision making (essay 4 part b)

answer

-presidents consider budget items or programs that are important to members of Congress -presidents consult with members of Congress during the budget process -presidents sign budgets that include provisions they oppose rather than veto the budget -Presidents postpone agenda items because of difficulty in getting congressional budgetary approval

question

Primary conflict over the decision to go to war (essay 7 part a)

answer

the president is commander-in-chief and Congress has the power to declare war

question

Provisions of the War Powers resolutions meant to limit presidential power over war making (essay 7 part b)

answer

-president must notify Congress within 48 hours of sending troops into combat -president must consult with Congress whenever feasible -Conflicts are limited to 60 days unless Congress takes action -Congress can extend time from the initial 60 days or can withdraw troops after 60 days with adequate notification to the president

question

Other formal powers Congress has over war making (essay 7 part c)

answer

-passing laws -appropriations (any mention of "funding") -Confirmation of nominees -impeachement -treaty ratification Congressional oversight (hearings or investigations)

STUDY

American With Disabilities Act AP Government AP United States Government And Politics Chief Justice John Marshall Clean Air Act Of 1970 Politics of the United States United States Government-Comprehensive

AP Gov unit 1 essay 3 – Flashcards 15 terms

Karlie Mack

15 terms

Preview

AP Gov unit 1 essay 3 – Flashcards

question

define federalism

answer

sharing of power between national govt and any sub levels of govt

question

define categorical grant

answer

grants that are designed for a specific purpose and must be used according to federal government instruction.

question

characteristics of a categorical grant

answer

fed govt oversees, checks bank accounts for usage of money; makes states provide some sort of matching fund;very restrictive

question

Categorical grant increases federal power by

answer

Categorical grants force the states into spending money how the federal government wants it to be spent, not by how the states want to spend the money. Fed Govt uses categorical grants to micromanage state and local activity because the grant must be used for exactly the purpose it was intended for.

question

example of categorical grant

answer

the Food Stamp Program

question

Define a federal mandate

answer

orders from the natnl govt for the states to abide by/put into effect, sometimes without federal funding.

question

federal mandate increases fed power by

answer

Increases national gov't power relative to the states bc the states have no say to resist the decision, also it is the federal government managing the state and local gov'ts Fed gov't also uses this to micromanage state and local government, a responsibility not left to the federal government in the constitution.

question

examples of federal mandates

answer

ADA. States had to make all buildings handicap accessible but were not given funding to do so.

question

define block grant

answer

grants given to the states for general purposes, to be used as they wish

question

characteristics of a block grants

answer

administered/overseen by the states to use as they wish;issued for general purpose, not for direct reason;

question

how block grants increase state power

answer

bc states decide how to spend the money and how the money is best fit to their needs

question

examples of block grants

answer

a block grant can be used for education, but the state can decide what part of education the money should be used for.

question

tenth amendment powers

answer

grants any powers not given to the national govt and not denied from the states is given to the states/people

question

how 10th amendment increases state power

answer

gives states power to act on various issues without input from the federal government in ways that best fit their state

question

examples of 10th amendment issues

answer

gay marriage, drinking age, capital punishment and intrastate commerce

STUDY

20th Century Animation AP Government Constitution Film

Mr. Smith goes to Washington questions – Flashcards 49 terms

Patrick Turner

49 terms

Preview

Mr. Smith goes to Washington questions – Flashcards

question

What happened to senator Samuel Foley?

answer

He died

question

Who was the other senator?

answer

Senator Joseph Paine

question

What did the governor have to do?

answer

Appoint a new senator

question

Who was Joe Paine talking to and what about?

answer

Jim Taylor, who is the new senator

question

Who and why do the governor's children recommend?

answer

Jefferson Smith cause they see him as a hero and he's the head of Boy Rangers

question

What was Jefferson smith's profession?

answer

Head of Boy Rangers

question

Why was Jim Taylor upset that Jefferson's was appointed?

answer

The govener didn't appoint Mills, and didn't ask Jim Taylor.

question

How did Sen. Paine know Jefferson Smith originally?

answer

Friends w/ his father

question

What was Jefferson's father's job?

answer

Editor and publisher of a job

question

What happened to Jefferson's father?

answer

Killed by a shot in his back.

question

What does Jefferson do when he arrives at the train station?

answer

Looks for his prize pigeons, and meets girls

question

Who does McGann call in Mr. Smith's office to check on him?

answer

Saunders

question

Why does Saunders get the press to humiliate Jefferson?

answer

To quit easier

question

What does Paine do to get Saunders to stay?

answer

Gave her a bonus

question

Why does another senator not want Smith to get the oath of office?

answer

The papers humiliated him

question

What does Senator Smith do to the press after he finds out they've humiliated him?

answer

Punches every reporter in the face

question

Why does the press say they're the only ones who could tell the truth?

answer

they don't have to be re-elected

question

What does Senator Paine suggests senator smith do to cheer him up after the press corps make fun of him?

answer

Create a national boys camp bill

question

Why does smith fiddle with his hat around Paine's daughter?

answer

He is attracted to her and nervous

question

Mr. Smith gets Saunders to help. What does she do help him?

answer

Telling how it becomes a law and records the bill.

question

What was the steering committee?

answer

the committee designed of majority party leaders with power to decide the order the bills are addressed

question

Where did Smith want to locate the national boys camp.

answer

Willet Creek

question

What happens between Smith and Saunders during the bill writing?

answer

Have a moment

question

What do Paine and McGann do when Smith says "Willet Creek"?

answer

Leave the room in a big hurry

question

Why does Susan Paine want to take Smith out?

answer

So her dad can propose the bill of Willet Creek without Smith there

question

Why does Saunders want to marry Diz and get out of town?

answer

She can't stand Smith being with Susan

question

Why does Saunders finally tell Smith about the Willet Creek dam?

answer

She was drunk and jealous and he asked

question

Why was Taylor upset at the governor?

answer

Smith is questioning about The Willet Creek da

question

What does Taylor offer to smith if he keeps quiet?

answer

Offers him any job or a senate seat for the rest of his life

question

What does Payne ask Taylor to do?

answer

Not be too rough with smith

question

What does Paine do on the Senate floor the next morning?

answer

Accuses Smith of being in office for personal gain by using willet creek as a boy's dam. Calls for a Committee of Ethics

question

What happens in the committee

answer

Smith is set up for the Willet creek dam fall, a lot of people lie for money.

question

What does Paine do in the committee?

answer

Says Smith is a horrible person and sets him up

question

What does Smith do in the committee?

answer

Runs out in a woof

question

Who comes to see Smith at the Lincoln memorial?

answer

Miss Clarissa Saunders

question

How will Smith only yield?

answer

Question or personal note.

question

How does Senator Smith get the senators back?

answer

Uses the senates rule for a filibuster

question

What do Saunders and Diz do?

answer

Starts righting for Smith in papers, sending it out.

question

What does Taylor do to stop Smith?

answer

Gets all the newspapers in his state to put propaganda about smith

question

What is Mr. Smith reading during the filibuster?

answer

Declaration of independence and Constitution

question

What network was the reporter working for?

answer

CBS

question

What does Saunders say in the note?

answer

Jeff you're wonderful, read the Constitution slowly next and Diz says i'm in love with you. PS he's right.

question

What was Taylor doing to the press in his state?

answer

Making them write lies about smith.

question

How does Saunders counter Taylor?

answer

She gets Boy Stuff to print the truth.

question

What happens to the kids newspaper deliveries?

answer

they're stolen and compromised. They are beaten and bruised

question

How long has senator smith talked?

answer

23 hours and 16 minutes.

question

What does Paine have brought to the Senate?

answer

Telegrams from his state saying that they want him to yield the floor.

question

What happens to Smith?

answer

He passes out, after giving a huge speech.

question

How is Senator Smith proven right?

answer

Paine finally tells the truth.

STUDY

AP Government Articles Of Confederation Constitutional Convention Of 1787 Federal Government History of the Americas New Jersey Plan Politics of the United States

Articles of Confederation & Constitutional Compromises – Flashcards 31 terms

Sean Hill

31 terms

Preview

Articles of Confederation & Constitutional Compromises – Flashcards

question

Articles of Confederation

answer

The first Constitution of the United States

question

Articles of Confederation did not establish...

answer

Courts, Executive / President

question

Under the Articles of Confederation who had the final authority in all matters?

answer

The States

question

Why were the Articles of Confederation replaced by the U.S. Constitution?

answer

to form a stronger government

question

When were the Articles of Confederation ratified?

answer

During the American Revolution.

question

Powers granted to the federal government under the Articles of Confederation.

answer

determine peace & war; decide disputes between states; establish and regulate interstate post offices.

question

Collecting taxes

answer

Power denied to the Federal Government under the Articles of Confederation

question

Shays' Rebellion

answer

conflict in Massachusettes that demonstrated the need to change the Articles

question

The authors of the Articles of Confederation...

answer

feared concentration of power in national government

question

Which important legislation was passed while the Articles of Confederation were in effect?

answer

The Northwest Ordinance

question

The Northwest Ordinance

answer

provided the basis for governing much of western territory. the law created a new territory north of the Ohio River which would eventually be divided into three to five states.

question

answer

# of states in the Articles of Confederation.

question

How did voting work in Congress under the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Each state received one vote.

question

The Articles of Confederation weak government can be best described as ...

answer

"a firm league of friendship"

question

How many branches of government were created under the Articles of Confederation?

answer

One

question

Which two branches of government did the federal government lack under the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Executive and Judicial

question

"Article V. In determining questions in the United States in Congress assembled, each state shall have one vote." Read the above quote from the Articles of Confederation, which group would most likely be unhappy with Article V of the Articles of Confederation? "Article V. In determining questions in the United States in Congress assembled, each state shall have one vote." Read the above quote from the Articles of Confederation, which group would most likely be unhappy with Article V of the Articles of Confederation?

answer

The Large States

question

Because most Americans feared strong governments like King George's, they created the Articles of Confederation to be _______.

answer

Weak

question

The Articles of Confederation had no president or executive.

answer

question

It took 9 of 13 states to pass a law

answer

question

The federal government had no money and could not tax.

answer

question

The federal government could not draft soldiers to form an army... they had to ask states for soldiers.

answer

question

The federal government had no judicial branch.

answer

question

It took a unanimous vote of all thirteen states to amend or change the Articles of Confederation.

answer

question

The Federal Government has to ask the states for money. They can not tax.

answer

question

The Federal Government was to settle disputes between states, but they had no power to enforce those settlements.

answer

question

28. On May 14, 1787 you are invited to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. You listen to hours of bitter discussion over the merits of the Articles of Confederation. A delegate rises and argues that it was important to keep the Articles. Respond to him arguing that we should not keep the Articles. In a well written, organized paragraph give five reasons why the states should abandon the Articles and create a new document.

answer

Short Essay - Choose 2 of 4

question

29. Was it necessary to replace the Articles of Confederation? Could they have been modified to provide Americans with a successful, democratic, or perhaps, a parliamentary government?

answer

Short Essay - Choose 2 of 4

question

30. Americans soon learned after the Revolutionary War that the Articles of Confederation were too weak. How did Shays' Rebellion reveal the Articles' weaknesses and lead to the end of the Articles.

answer

Short Essay - Choose 2 of 4

question

31. The Articles of Confederation begins "We the States..." The United States Constitution begins "We the People..." Explain the important difference between the two documents and the two plans for government illustrated by these short but important phrases.

answer

Short Essay - Choose 2 of 4

question

Why was it a weakness that the Articles of Confederation was run by the states instead of the central gov't?

answer

Because the states had too much power.

STUDY

AP Government Political Behavior

A. P Gov Essay – Flashcards 12 terms

Jay Barber

12 terms

Preview

A. P Gov Essay – Flashcards

question

Although public support for the death penalty in the US remains high , describe why the death penalty is viewed differently by Americans based on race and party affiliation

answer

white- approve blacks-dissaprove conservative-approve liberal-disaprove Conservatives want more order than equality and Blacks are the minority.

question

Explain how the majoritarian and pluralist models of democracy differ greatly in their assumptions about the role of public opinion in democratic government

answer

Majoritarian- the gov. should do what a majority of the public wants, assumes that a majority of the people hold clear consistent opinions on gov. policy Pluralist- the public as a whole seldom demonstrates clear consistent opinions on the day-to-day issues of gov. recognize that subgroups within the public express opinions on specific matters, allow free expression

question

Identify the agents of early political socialization, and provide some specific examples of how such political socialization can influence the way children learn to think about the nation and the government.

answer

Agents- primary- what is learned first is learned best. structuring= what is learned first structures later learning... Family, school, community and peers Family- learn our values School= elementary- introduce social order and authority figures. secondary- gov. and politics. college-question authority Community and peers- exert pressures

question

How is education, income, race, and gender related to political beliefs and opinion?

answer

Education- increase awareness and understanding, high edu promotes unpopular opinion and behaviors, lower favor gov. action to guarantee jobs and good standard of living. Income- more wealthy favor a limited gov. role in promoting equality. lower income favor gov. gaurantees of employment and living Race- differ, minority groups display similar political views Political beliefs- diff- Protestant> Catholics > Jews Gender- differ, women more likely to favor gov actions promote equality

question

Explain the media's role through the two-way flow of information in democracies that allows the electorate to hold government officials accountable for their actions.

answer

Two-step-flow elites become informed of political development, they inform their followers, to apply pressure on gov. More likely to influence public opinion(and not just followers) by sharing public opinion. define the way the issues will be viewed, heard, or read.

question

Describe the significance of Congress passing the 1996 Telecommunications Act in relation to media station ownership, and the FCC's repeal of the fairness doctrine in 1987 which resulted in the growth of news and opinion alternatives made available to media consumers.

answer

Telecommunication Act of 1996- relaxed limitations on media ownership, eliminated limits of # of tv stations one company may own, no national limit for radio and relaxed local limits. FCC- some believed competition would make a vibrant market place of ideas. Reagan feared media wouldn't supply coverage to sustain. since no longer needed to cover all views, express idelogical viewpoints

question

Explain what is meant by the media playing the role of gatekeeper.

answer

They decide which events to report and how to handle the elements in these stories. Uphold standards of careful reporting and principled journalism

question

Explain why the 1965 march from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama, though an unconventional form of political participation that led to violence, proved beneficial to the Civil Rights movement.

answer

Form of unconventional political participation. Govenor wouldnt allows this peaceful mode of unconventional expression. Civil Rights posed no threat of violence. response to the march helped the nation understand the seriousness of civil rights in the South.

question

Explain the difference between supportive and influencing behavior, and provide some examples of each.

answer

Supportive action- that expresses allegiance to gov, and country( Pledge of Allegiance and flying the American Flag, voting) Influencing- behavior that seeks to modify or reverse gov. policy to serve political interest. pressure alderman to rebuild the curbs on their street or vote against an increase in school taxes, seek particular benefits from gov.

question

Describe why people with a higher socioeconomic status engage in conventional political participation.

answer

Tend to be more aware of the effect of politics on their lives, to know what to be done to influence gov. actions, and have necessary resources, this is called standard socioeconomic model

question

What explanations have researchers suggested for decreasing voter turnout in the United States?

answer

some believe voters attitudes toward politics, gov no longer responsive to citizens, politicians too packaged, that campaigns are too long, people losing initiaive or self-interest to vote

question

Discuss the relationship between political participation and freedom, order, and equality.

answer

Participating and Freedom- should be free to participate in gov. and policies in the way they want and as much as they want- free to not participate Participation and Equality- each influence gov. should be equal to that of every other citizen, so that diff personal resources dont work against the poor Participation and Order- complicated some promote order and others disorder, gov tries to convert all participation to conventional

STUDY

AP Government AP United States Government And Politics Bureaucratic Red Tape Politics of the United States

Government Essay Topics Chapter 12 – Flashcards 20 terms

Adam Howard

20 terms

Preview

Government Essay Topics Chapter 12 – Flashcards

question

Describe the general characteristics of the members of Congress and their average daily activities. What are the attractions and benefits of being a member of Congress?

answer

question

Describe how Congress is demographically atypical of the United States population. Does this present a problem for legitimate democratic government? Why, or why not?

answer

question

Comment on the representativeness of Congress. Are the members of Congress truly representative of the American people and the overall needs of the nation? What effect do PACs and interest groups have on the representativeness of Congress?

answer

question

Describe the advantages of incumbents in congressional elections. What reforms have been suggested to limit the effects of incumbency? Would you support such reform?

answer

question

Explain and evaluate the role of money in congressional elections. Give examples to illustrate your answer.

answer

question

Describe the structure of power and decision making in the Congress and evaluate the impact of that structure on policymaking.

answer

question

Describe the powers of the Speaker of the House, the majority and minority leaders, and the whips. What limits to their leadership powers exist in their respective parties?

answer

question

List and briefly describe the different types of committees in Congress. What role do the committees play in the Congressional process?

answer

question

Explain how the system of committees and subcommittees works in Congress. Give examples to illustrate your answer.

answer

question

What are congressional caucuses? What role do they play, and how much influence do they have? Give examples to illustrate your answer.

answer

question

Compare and contrast the different types of staff that work to support Congress. How large are these staffs? What services do they provide?

answer

question

Explain the legislative process and the relative importance of key individuals and groups in that process. What happens to most bills? Describe the procedure by which a bill becomes law.

answer

question

How can the President influence congressional action? Do you think the President is too powerful or not powerful enough in dealing with Congress? Explain.

answer

question

Identify the sources of influence on members of Congress and evaluate their impact on policymaking.

answer

question

How important is party membership to a senator or member of the House in casting a vote? Are votes on some issues more or less likely to follow party lines? What other factors influence how an individual legislator casts a vote?

answer

question

Explain how members of Congress reconcile the conflicting jobs of representing constituents and making effective public policy. In your answer, be sure to discuss the committee system, congressional elections, and the role of political parties and interest groups in Congress.

answer

question

Describe the conflicting concepts of members of Congress serving as trustees versus as instructed delegates. Which role does a legislator most frequently play? Which concept most appeals to you? Explain.

answer

question

Evaluate Congress as a democratic institution. What reforms democratized Congress? Evaluate whether there is a trade off between representativeness and effectiveness.

answer

question

The authors note that ʺsome argue that Congress is too responsive to constituents, and, especially, to organized interests....(while others) argue that Congress is too insulated from ordinary citizens. Evaluate the evidence for each view from throughout the chapter.

answer

question

Discuss aspects of congressional membership, elections, organization and decision making that might lead the public to be critical of Congress as an institution. To what extent is such criticism well-founded?

answer

STUDY

AP Government Make And Enforce Laws Peace And Order Promote The General Welfare Provide For The Common Defense United States Government-Comprehensive

Chapter 1 Gov’t Test – Essay – Flashcards 13 terms

Karlie Mack

13 terms

Preview

Chapter 1 Gov’t Test – Essay – Flashcards

question

What characteristics define a state?

answer

Body of people living in a defined territory, with a government and have the power to make and enforce law without higher authority.

question

What are the four most widely held theories that attempt to explain the origins of the state? (Hint: F.E.D.S.)

answer

1. Force Theory: people took control of an area and force the inhabitants to their rule. 2. Evolutionary Theory: state began through family and started with the head or leader of a clan or cult. 3. Divine Right Theory: the state was created by god and the rulers were the people born into royalty. 4. Social Contract Theory: the state arose out of a voluntary act of free people.

question

Which theory on the origin of the state was most influential in the founding of the United States?

answer

The Divine Right Theory.

question

For what reasons do people form a government?

answer

To form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and to secure the blessings of liberty.

question

On what three general bases can governments be classified?

answer

1. The geographic distribution of governmental power within the state. 2. The relationship between the legislative and executive branches of the government. 3. The number of people who can take part in the process of governing.

question

What are the three forms of government that can result depending on how governmental power is distributed?

answer

1. Unitary Government - often described as a centralized government. A government in which all powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency. 2. Federal Government - the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments. 3. Confederate Government - an alliance of independent states.

question

What are the two forms of government that can result depending on the relationship between the legislative and executive branches?

answer

1. Presidential Government - features a separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches of the government. 2. Parliamentary Government - the executive is made up of the prime minister of premier and that official's cabinet.

question

What are the forms of government that can result depending on the number of people can participate in the governmental process?

answer

1. Dictatorship - those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. 2. Democracy - A supreme political authority that rests with the people

question

What are the five basic concepts of democracy?

answer

1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and dignity of every person 2. A respect for the equality of all persons 3. A faith in majority rule and the insistence on minority rights 4. An acceptance of the necessity of compromise 5. An insistence upon the widest possible degree of individual freedom

question

For what reasons is compromise such an essential part of democracy?

answer

Democracy puts the individuals first but also insists that each individual is equal to all others. Also, few public questions have only two sides.

question

What is the relationship between the rights of the individual and the rights of the overall society?

answer

Each individual is free to do as he/she pleases. Democratic government must work constantly to achieve balance between the two. The highest value is of the free exchange of ideas.

question

In what sense must a democratic society provide for the rights of the minority?

answer

It must treat them as the equal to the majority and have the same rights.

question

What obligation does "a democratic society provide for the rights of the minority" place upon the majority?

answer

The majority must not assume more than the minority.

STUDY

AP Government Politics of the United States Third Party Candidate United States Government-Comprehensive

Electoral College – Social Studies – Flashcards 16 terms

Lesly Ford

16 terms

Preview

Electoral College – Social Studies – Flashcards

question

What is the Electoral College (EC)

answer

A group of representatives that elect the President of the USA

question

Why did the Founding Fathers create the Electoral College?

answer

They considered the average American uniformed and unable to select the right person for President so they wanted a group of informed people selecting the President

question

Do smaller states have representation with the EC?

answer

The EC is a compromise between the small states and the large states so the smaller states would have representation.

question

Why do we still have the Electoral College?

answer

It is written in the Constitution whigh makes it very difficult to change and there are still many people who support the EC.

question

How many electors are there in the EC

answer

538

question

How are the electoral votes assigned to each state?

answer

The sum of Representatives in the House of Representatives and Senators. The number of Representatives is determined by population of that state

question

Which three states have the most electoral votes?

answer

California, Texas and New York

question

What is the minimun number of electoral votes in a state?

answer

Three. (Alaska, Delaware are two states with three votes. RI has 4 electoral votes)

question

How many electoral votes are needed to win

answer

270

question

Do Electors have to vote with popular vote?

answer

Only in states that have a law requiring Electors to do so.

question

What is a positive point of the Electoral College?

answer

It still gives states with small populations more attention during an election year.

question

What is a negative point of the Electoral College?

answer

A person that wins the popular vote could lose the election because an Elector doesn't vote the popular vote.

question

Is it possible to win the popular vote but lose the election?

answer

If there is a tie in the electoral vote, or no candidate wins the maority of electoral votes therefore the House of Representatives could decide to go against the popular vote and select someone for President.

question

What is the spoiler effect?

answer

When a 3rd party joins the race and takes too many votes away from the popular candidate.

question

What is the first past the post system

answer

When the candidate who receives more votes than any other candidate wins.

question

What is the Winner Take All system?

answer

The winner of the popular vote in the state takes all the electoral votes from the state.

STUDY

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