Sociology Ch 5 Flashcards
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With respect to group dynamics, what is the defining characteristic of a small group?
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All members of the group can interact directly with one another.
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In Professor Jones' social problems course, the students interact freely with one another, think of themselves as \"Dr. J's class,\" and feel they are significant because of their mutual interest in social reform. Which concept best describes Dr. Jones' class?
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group
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A phenomenon of group dynamics that results in a decrease in one's willingness to help others as the size of the group increases is referred to as ________.
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diffusion of responsibility
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How does the structure and function of groups change as they grow in size?
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Groups tend to develop a more formal social structure.
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The concept of \"groupthink\" was developed by ________.
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Irving Janis
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__________ refers to preconceived ideas of what someone is like that lead to the person's behaving in ways that match the stereotype.
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Self-fulfilling stereotype
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In the past most workers were while men, today in the U.S. __________ % of workers are women and __________ % are racial/ethnic minorities.
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47, 31
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In group decision making, a form of tunnel vision that develops in which there is only one \"right\" viewpoint and suggested alternatives are perceived as signs of disloyalty is called ________.
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groupthink
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________ are the social ties that radiate outward from the self and link people together.
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Social Networks
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When the former Soviet Union collapsed, NATO forces were no longer needed to protect Europe from a communist invasion. Rather than disband NATO, it was turned into a \"rapid response force\" to fight terrorism. Sociologists would call this shift in focus an example of ________.
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goal displacement
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A common thread that runs through all voluntary associations is ________.
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mutual interest among members
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What is meant by the term \"hidden\" corporate culture?
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the values and beliefs of the corporation that shape employees' attitudes
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What did Stanley Milgram's teacher-learner experiment demonstrate?
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A substantial number of people will inflict pain on others if ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority
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There are New York Yankee fans in every state in America, throughout Canada, and in nations all over the world. Sociologically, which concept best describes these fans?
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They are a category
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The concept of the \"iron law\" of oligarchy was developed by sociologist ________.
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Robert Michels
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In which group would there be the greatest number of relationships?
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the starting nine on a baseball team
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Samantha works for an organization that is hierarchical and has a division of labor, written rules, communications and records, one in which the administration treats workers impersonally. Based on these characteristics, we can conclude that Samantha works for a(n) ________.
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bureaucracy
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Which group is most notable for its lack of achievement and effectiveness in decision making?
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laissez-faire
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Which phrase became synonymous with the research Stanley Milgram conducted on \"the small world phenomenon\"?
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six degrees of separation
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Using computers at work to download music, play computer games, trade stocks, and make purchases on eBay are examples of a growing corporate problem called ________.
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cyberslacking
