Pharmacology Test 1: Broward College Nursing – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Blood Vessels Receptor(s)
answer
Alpha1 Beta2 constriction/dilation
question
Cardiac Muscle Receptor(s)
answer
Beta1 Increased contractility
question
Atrioventricular Node Receptor(s)
answer
Beta1 Increased heart rate
question
Sinoatrial Node Receptor(s)
answer
Beta 1 Increased Heart Rate
question
Pancreas Receptor(s)
answer
Beat1 decreased insulin release
question
Liver Receptor(s)
answer
Beta2 Glycogenolysis
question
Kidney Receptor(s)
answer
Beta2 Increased Renin Secretion
question
Gastrointestinal Muscle Receptor(s)
answer
Beta2 Decreased Motility
question
Gastrointestinal Sphincters Receptor(s)
answer
Alpha1 Constriction
question
Genitourinary Bladder Sphincter Receptor(s)
answer
Alpha1 Constriction
question
Penis Receptor(s)
answer
Alpha1 Ejaculation
question
Uterus Receptor(s)
answer
Alpha1/Beta2 Contraction & Relaxation
question
Bronchial Muscles Receptor(s)
answer
Beta2 Dilation
question
What are the 5 Rights?
answer
Right dose, right drug, right time, right route, right patient
question
What breaks down Epinepherine & Norepinepherine?
answer
MAO & COMT
question
What is the typical dose of an albuterol inhaler
answer
Inhale 1 -2 puffs po q 4-6 h
question
What receptors does Epinepherine Stimulate?
answer
Alpha1, Beta1, & Beta2
question
What receptors does Dobutamine stimulate?
answer
Beta1 and 2
question
What receptors do Phenylepherine stimulate?
answer
Alpha1
question
What receptors does Isoproterenol stimulate
answer
Beta1 & Beta 2
question
Dose for Epinepherine?
answer
0.02mcg/kg/min
question
Dose for Norepinepherine?
answer
0.02-0.5mcg/kg/min
question
Dose for Phenylepherine
answer
0.25/kg/min
question
What drug(s) can be used for both High BP and Benign Prostate Hypoplasia (BPH)
answer
Cardura 1-16mg d/ Hytrin/Terazosin 1-20mg per day
question
Alpha1 Adrenergic Receptors
answer
located on the postsynaptic effector cells
question
Alpha2 Adrenergic Receptors
answer
Located on the postsynaptic nerve terminals and also control the release of neurotransmitters
question
Catecholamines
answer
substances that can produce a sympathetic response. Found naturally in the body Adrenaline. Synthetically: Epinepherine, Norepinepherine, Dopamine.
question
Positive Inotropic Effect
answer
Increase force of Contraction
question
Positive Chronotropic Effect
answer
Increase Heart Rate
question
Positive Dromotropic effect
answer
Increased Conduction through the AV node
question
Vasoactive Sympathomimetics (Pressors & Inotropes)
answer
Used to support the heart during cardiac failure or shock. Various Alpha & Beta receptors affected. INTENSE monitoring, weight based calculations MUST BE DILUTED.
question
Epinepherine
answer
MAO stimulates alpha1 and beta1 & @ receptors Anaphylaxis 0.3mg, IM, SQ Q 2 min. Cardiac arrest = 1mg IV q 3-5 min until return to spontaneous circulation. Hypotension/ Shock = 0.02mcg/kg/ min
question
Dobutamine
answer
MAO stimulates Beta 1 adrenergic. Increase contractility & H.R. with little effect on Beta2. Indicated for short term cardiac decompensation.
question
Phenylepherine
answer
Alpa2 only. MOA direct alpha 1 stimulator (weak beta effects) Treatment of hypotension vascular failure in shock, vasoconstrictor in analgesia, & decongestant.
question
Norepinepherine
answer
Heart rate & vasoconstriction. MAO stimulates Beta1 & Alpha 1. Treatment for shock. Potent vasoconstrictor, can evascerate skin.
question
Adrenergic Blocking Agents
answer
Bind to adrenergic receptors, but inhibit or block stimulation of the SNS. Lyse Epinepherine & NE. Named by which Alpha1 &2, or Beta1 & 2 causing vasodilation reducing peripheral vascular resistance.
question
What is the antidote for extravasation of vaospressors?
answer
Phentolamine Dose: infiltrate area with small amount of solution diluting 5-10mg of 0.9% (do not exceed 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg
question
2 important Beta Blockers (Hint: all end in olol)
answer
Carvedilol (3.125 -50mg) & Labetalol (Trandate) 100-400 mg BID
question
Two Types of Cholinergic Agent Receptors
answer
Muscarinic & Nicotinic
question
Cholinergic Agents mimic the affects of ?
answer
Acetylcholine
question
Where are Muscarinic receptors located? Are they considered good or bad? At what dose?
answer
Located postsynaptically on smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands of the parasympathetic fibers. Good at low doses bc it slows down activity of smooth muscles.
question
Where are Nicotinic Receptors located. What dose are they good or bad?
answer
Located on the ganglia of both the PSNS and SNS. Bad & undesirable effects when stimulated.
question
Bethanechol
answer
Used after bladder sugery. Increases tone, motility and bladder and GI tract. Relaxes sphincter on in bladder & GI tract.
question
Name a Cholinergic Indirect-Acting Agent
answer
Aricept or Donepezil used to treat mild Alzheimer's. Helps to increase memory
question
Name 2 Naturally Cholinergic Blocking Agents
answer
Atropine & Belladonna
question
Name 3 Synthetic/ Semisynthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents
answer
Benzotropine, Ipratropium, & Tolterodine
question
Cholinergic Drug Effects (Hint Sludged)
answer
Salivation, Lacrimation, Urinary Incontinence, Diarrhea, Gastroinestinal Cramps, Emesis, Decreased H.R.
question
Cholinergic MAO
answer
Inhibits the enzyme cholinesterase which breaks down ACH. PSNS is at rest in the digestive system.
question
What is the antidote for Atropine?
answer
Physostigmine
