Microbio Exam 3 Practice Review Questions – Flashcards
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Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms
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Are subjective changes felt by the patient.
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Which of the follwoing is NOT a direct contributing factor to nosocomial infections?
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Public health policy failure.
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The number of new and old cases of a disease in a population during a specified time, regardless of when it first appeared period. This measure indicates the seriousness of the disease and is referred to as the:
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Prevalence
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Which type of infection can be caused by septicemia?
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Systemic infection
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The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease because
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of microbial antagonism by normal flora
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A disease that is continuously present in a certain population would be classified as:
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Endemic
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The major significance of Koch's work was that
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Specific microorganisms cause specific diseases.
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Which of the following definitions is incorrect?
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Secondary infection - a long-lasting illness
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Plague transmitted by a flea is an example of
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Vector transmission.
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Which of the following is an example of a CONTAGIOUS disease?
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Measles
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Which of the following body sites typically does NOT have a large population of normal bacterial flora:
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lower respiratory tract
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Which of the following is NOT a portal of exit?
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All of the above are portals of exit.
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A needlestick is an example of which portal of entry?
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Parenteral route
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Antibiotics can worsen the symptoms and lead to endotoxic shock if used to treat
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Gram (-) bacterial infections
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Which of the following is the most infectious?
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Coxiella with an ID50 = 1 cell
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Which of the following statements about exotoxins is generally FALSE?
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They are not treated by the use of antitoxin Abs
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Often referred to as the endogenous pyrogen that induces the hypothalamus to reset the body's "thermostat" to a higher temperature, producing fever:
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IL-1
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Some pathogens secrete proteins called ________________, in order to obtain free iron for growth by taking iron away from iron transporting proteins in the blood such as transferrin.
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siderophores
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Corynebacterium diptheriae produces a two-part A-B exotoxin. The most likely pathologic effect of this toxin is
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Inhibition of protein synthesis.
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Toxic shock syndrome due to Staphylococcus aureus is caused by
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Superantigens
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Streptococcus pyogenes is diagnosed from a throat culture as being beta-hemolytic due to the production of _______________.
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Type II toxins.
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Which of the following organisms does NOT produce an exotoxin?
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Salmonella typhi
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Viruses can be composed of all of the following EXCEPT:
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Viruses can be composed of all of the following EXCEPT: both DNA & RNA together
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Where do animal RNA viruses replicate?
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Animal RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm
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The definition of lysogeny is:
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Phage DNA is incorporated into host cell genomic DNA.
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which of the following statements is NOT true about viruses?
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Viruses are composed of cells
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The following steps occur during multiplication of an animal virus. What is the third step
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Uncoating
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A persistent infection is an infection in which
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The disease process occurs gradually over a long period and is usually fatal
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Which of the following is NOT normally used in a vaccine?
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Antibodies
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An envelope of an animal virus is acquired during which of the following steps?
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Release
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Which type of vaccine provides better immunity?
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Attentuated viruses
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Antiviral drugs known as neuraminidase inhibitors (Relenza & Tamiflu) to treat influenza work by:
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inhibiting attachment
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Which of the following statements is NOT true about proviruses?
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Provisruses can can insert and excise from the host chromosome depending on the conditions
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Primary cell lines differ from continuous cell lines in that
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Primary cell lines die out after a few generations and have to be reisolated from animal tissues
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Haemophilus influenzae b capsular polysaccharide plus a protein is an example of a ______________________ vaccine?
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Conjugated vaccine
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A virus's ability to infect an animal cell depends primarily on:
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presence of receptor sites on the host cell membrane
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Which of the following contributes to the difficulty in establishing the etiology of cancer?
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all of the above
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Antiviral drugs such as acyclovir inhibit viruses by:
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inhibiting DNA or RNA replication
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Which of the following statements is NOT true about antigenic drift for influenza?
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probably due to genetic recombination between different strains infecting the same cell
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An infectious protein is a
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prion
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If you are measuring the viral titer during a virus's growth cirve, during which phase will no infective particles be found in culture?
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eclipse period
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Which one of the following statments is true?
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vaccines save lives
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A clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a:
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plaque
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Which of the following statements is NOT true abou proviruses?
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proviruses can insert and excise from the host chromosome depending on the conditions.
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Animal RNA viruses replicate in the
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cytoplasm
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Antiviral drugs known as adamantanes (Amantadine & Rimantadine) to treat influenza work by:
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preventing uncoating
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Vectorborne diseases are most effectively controlled by eliminating or eradicating the vectors.
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true
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Which of the following is NOT a portal of exit? Respiratory tract Gastrointestinal tract Skin Blood
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None of the above
