question

Individuals have the tendency to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. Which of the following concepts relates most closely to this behavior?

answer

social loafing

question

A low-to-moderate level of task conflict consistently has a positive effect on group performance. What is the reason for this?

answer

It stimulates discussion of ideas that help groups be more innovative

question

Behavior patterns expected of someone occupying a given position in a social unit is called a ________.

answer

role

question

Asch's experiment, which used lines of varying lengths to test group behavior, has shown the existence of ________.

answer

workplace conformity

question

Research on conformity suggests that ________.

answer

conformity is a culture-bound behavior

question

Which of the following is true about social loafing?

answer

It is common in cultures that are dominated by self-interest

question

A social network structure refers to ________.

answer

the informal connections among individuals within groups

question

In which stage of group development does the group focus its attention on wrapping up activities instead of task performance?

answer

adjourning

question

The acceptable standards or expectations that are shared by a group's members are referred to as ________.

answer

norms

question

Leadership is very important to effective teams. In most cases, effective team leaders act as ________.

answer

facilitators

question

Which of the following is a benefit of global teams

answer

Global teams usually have a greater diversity of ideas.

question

An organization brings together members from various departments such as marketing, accounting, human resources, and finance to form a team. This is an example of a ________ team.

answer

cross-functional

question

The ________ stage of the group development process is one in which close relationships develop and the group becomes cohesive.

answer

norming

question

Which of the following countries is most likely to assign status based on accomplishments rather than on titles and family history?

answer

Australia

question

In comparison to large groups, small groups ________.

answer

are faster at completing tasks

question

________ conflict relates to the content and goals of the work.

answer

Task

question

________ interact primarily to share information and to make decisions to help each member do his or her job more efficiently and effectively.

answer

Work groups

question

Which of the following suggestions will help reduce the effect of social loafing in groups?

answer

clearly identify individual responsibilities

question

Which of the following stages in group development involves defining the group's structure and leadership?

answer

forming

question

An incentive system which appropriately recognizes team activities is an example of which of the following characteristics of effective teams?

answer

internal support

question

The influence of models depends on how well an individual remembers the model's behavior. This refers to the individual's ________.

answer

retention process

question

________ is the tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors such as ability or effort while putting the blame for personal failure on external factors such as luck

answer

Self-serving bias

question

Which component of attitude is reflected in the sentence "This is the best way to reach the place"?

answer

cognitive

question

A manager makes decisions very quickly and requires little information for making the decisions. Which of the following is a likely reason for this?

answer

The manager is high in risk-taking.

question

A person who believes that what happens to him is due to luck or chance is said to have a(n) ________.

answer

external locus of control

question

Which of the following is true for organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)?

answer

OCB is discretionary behavior which promotes the effective functioning of the organization.

question

In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), "sensing" personality types are those who ________.

answer

have a high need for closure and show patience with routine details

question

________ is a personality trait that measures an individual's ability to adjust his or her behavior according to external situational factors.

answer

Self-monitoring

question

According to research, employees who have a high internal locus of control ________.

answer

exhibit more satisfaction with their jobs than externals

question

The study of group behavior includes the study of ________.

answer

norms, roles, and leadership

question

By using ________, we form a general impression about a person based on only a single characteristic, such as intelligence or appearance.

answer

the halo effect

question

Which of the following is true of a person who believes that "the ends justify the means"?

answer

He is likely to be high in Machiavellianism.

question

When someone chooses to act in a certain way, she is demonstrating the ________ component of her attitude.

answer

behavioral

question

The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization is the employee's ________.

answer

organizational commitment

question

The regular use of ________ can alert managers to potential problems and employees' intentions early enough to do something about them.

answer

attitude surveys

question

If you believe that you control your own destiny, which of the following personality traits are you likely to possess?

answer

internal locus of control

question

Which of the following is associated with the study of individuals?

answer

perception

question

________ behavior is voluntary or learned behavior.

answer

Operant

question

Individual behavior in organizations inlcudes ________.

answer

attitudes, learning, and motivation

question

Which of the following is true for Gen Y workers?

answer

They are knowledgeable and willing workers, but do not compromise on their personal lives.

question

The ________ communication system within an organization permits employees to satisfy their need for social interaction with their peers.

answer

informal

question

George prepares a memorandum explaining the objectives of a newly created work team that he is expected to manage, and makes sure it reaches each team member. He is involved in ________.

answer

organizational communication

question

Which of the following describes the number of different messages that can be transmitted using a particular method of communication?

answer

breadth potential

question

________ communication keeps managers aware of how employees feel about their jobs, their coworkers, and the organization in general.

answer

Upward

question

An organization's grapevine works as ________.

answer

a filter and a feedback mechanism for managers

question

CISCO's Unified Personal Communicator allows fast and easy access to voice, video, instant messaging, web conferencing, voicemail, and presence capabilities through a single, multimedia interface on your PC or Mac. Which of the following aspects of communication problems does this personal communicator address?

answer

time-space constraint

question

Because rumors that flow along the grapevine can never be eliminated entirely, managers can minimize the negative consequences of rumors by ________.

answer

communicating openly and honestly with employees

question

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using IT in organizational communication?

answer

psychological costs

question

In a ________ communication network, all communication passes through a clearly identifiable leader to the others in a team and upward from team members to the leader.

answer

wheel

question

Which of the following management styles will most likely encourage upward communication?

answer

participative

question

In which of the following cases has communication occurred?

answer

Ana tells her manager that she needs a new computer, but he says that the company can't afford it.

question

lec is hired as a senior analyst at Tech Research Institute and is assigned to a project with four other researchers. He soon realizes that two of his team mates do not see eye-to-eye on many issues. Far from being solved, the situation escalates over the next couple of months. This bothers Alec a great deal because he is expected to coordinate his work with them. He decides to speak to his manager about the problem and seek his advise. In this example, communication is being used ________.

answer

to control

question

Jargon is ________.

answer

specialized terminology that members of a group use to communicate among themselves

question

When an organization has an interest in increasing the efficiency and speed of communication between managers at different levels and in different departments, then ________.

answer

diagonal communication should be used

question

When a manager asks an employee to complete a task, he or she is using ________ communication.

answer

formal

question

Which of the following is true for active listeners?

answer

They should not interrupt the speaker, but should feel free to ask questions about the topic.

question

Which of the following methods of communication should be used when the sender requires quick and accurate feedback?

answer

face-to-face

question

In the all-channel network, communication flows ________.

answer

freely among all members of a formal work team

question

Though IT has improved organizational communications in recent years, ________ remains a major concern.

answer

security

question

Which of the following is true of nonverbal communication?

answer

It carries greater impact than verbal communication.

question

________ refers to the degree of control employees have over their work.

answer

Job depth

question

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company has a space where employees can meet during breaks and catch up with each other, the company is taking care of the employees' ________ needs.

answer

social

question

________ refers to the vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities.

answer

Job enrichment

question

________ theory says that behavior is a function of its consequences.

answer

Reinforcement

question

Which of the following are the three needs identified in the three-needs theory of motivation?

answer

need for achievement, need for power, need for affiliation

question

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships.

answer

affiliation

question

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is a motivator?

answer

responsibility

question

"In jobs today, employees rely more and more on those around them for information, advice, and assistance." Which of the following approaches to job design best reflects this statement?

answer

the relational perspective of work design

question

In the job characteristics model, ________ refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.

answer

task identity

question

Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that ________.

answer

extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction

question

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome

answer

performance-reward linkage

question

________ and his associates proposed the three-needs theory.

answer

David McClelland

question

Jacob is Project Manager at a large software services company. In a bid to maximize his team's productivity, Jacob decides to follow the goal-setting theory. In line with the principles of the theory, he sets specific, difficult goals for all of his team members and ensures that they understand and accept the new standards. Which of the following facts, if true would support Jacob's strategy?

answer

Jacob's company operates exclusively in the United States and has a policy of hiring from the local communities to ensure sensitivity to customer needs.

question

According to the JCM, which three job characteristics are crucial to an employee experiencing meaningfulness of his or her work?

answer

skill variety, task identity, and task significance

question

McGregor's Theory Y assumes that employees ________.

answer

enjoy work

question

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company names an "Employee of the Month" and "Employee of the Quarter", the company is addressing employees' ________ needs.

answer

esteem

question

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when an employer provides his employees health insurance, he is taking care of their ________ needs.

answer

safety

question

Jacob is Project Manager at a large software services company. In a bid to maximize his team's productivity, Jacob decides to follow the goal-setting theory. In line with the principles of the theory, he sets specific, difficult goals for all of his team members and ensures that they understand and accept the new standards. Which of the following facts, if true would undermine Jacob's strategy?

answer

Jacob's team handles development projects that are critical to the company and is comprised largely of carefully selected high-achievers who excel at their work.

question

The hierarchy of needs theory of motivation was proposed by ________, a psychologist who proposed that within every person is a hierarchy of five needs.

answer

Abraham Maslow

question

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs are predominantly satisfied externally while ________ needs are satisfied internally.

answer

safety; self-actualization

question

When a young child emulates a professional sports star's behavior, what kind of power does the star have over the child?

answer

referent

question

Tim Waverly heads the financial analysis team at ABC Corp. and has done so for the last eight years. In all his years as a manager, he has come to realize one aspect about leading people-a supportive leadership style brings out the best in people and in work. Which of the following statements, if true, would weaken Tim's argument that a supportive leadership style is highly effective

answer

Tim's subordinates are unclear about their roles within the team.

question

According to the Ohio State studies, the ________ dimension of leader behavior is defined as the extent to which a leader has job relationships characterized by mutual trust and respect for group members' ideas and feelings.

answer

consideration

question

This managerial grid used the behavioral dimensions "concern for people" and ________ and evaluated a leader's use of these behaviors, ranking them on a scale from 1 (low) to 9 (high).

answer

"concern for production"

question

One general conclusion that surfaces from leadership research is that ________.

answer

effective leaders do not use any single style

question

When Alan Jackman got promoted as the head of the sales team at Mac Software Inc., he chose three of his closest friends in the team to form the core sales group with him. Which of the following predictions would be consistent with the LMX theory?

answer

There will be a higher turnover among team members who are not a part of the core group.

question

Which of the following describes the leadership style in which a leader tends to centralize authority, dictate work methods, make unilateral decisions, and limit employee participation?

answer

autocratic style

question

At Falcons Inc., Jeremy is the head of the marketing department. However, he is not in the habit of deciding everything on his own. He involves his team in the decision-making process as much as possible. He believes in communicating clearly and is always ready to help his team to get the best out of them. Jeremy's leadership style will be classified as which of the following?

answer

participating

question

Max considers himself to be a democratic leader-he involves his subordinates in decision making, delegates authority, and encourages participation. However, his employees do not feel empowered at all. Which of the following, if true, could explain the apparent discrepancy above?

answer

They feel that his decisions are actually premeditated although he parades them as the result of group consensus.

question

Theodore Roosevelt once said "The best executive is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he wants done, and self-restraint to keep from meddling with them while they do it." Which of the following, if true, would be consistent with this approach?

answer

The subordinates are experienced and independent.

question

According to the Ohio State studies, which of the following dimensions of leader behavior refers to the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and the roles of group members in the search for goal attainment?

answer

initiating structure

question

Which of the following leadership styles describes a leader who provides both directive and supportive behavior?

answer

selling

question

The ________ model proposed that effective group performance depended upon the proper match between the leader's style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which the situation allowed the leader to control and influence.

answer

Fiedler contingency

question

According to the path-goal theory, a manager who consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions exhibits what type of leadership behavior?

answer

participative

question

Research by Fiedler uncovered three contingency dimensions that define the key ________.

answer

situational factors for determining leader effectiveness

question

The University of Iowa studies discussed all of the following leadership styles except ________.

answer

accommodating

question

________ leadership is the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future for an organization that improves on the present.

answer

Visionary

question

The ________ theory is a contingency theory that focuses on followers' readiness.

answer

situational leadership

question

All of the following are sources of leader power EXCEPT ________.

answer

status

question

Your firm's attorney has ________ power when giving legal advice.

answer

expert

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