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mental health

answer

An individual's psychological well-being; how an individual copes with the demands of life.

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mental disorder

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An illness that defines a person's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

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anxiety disorder

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A condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control.

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mood disorder

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A condition in which a person has inappropriate or disproportionate mood changes that interfere with everyday life.

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conduct disorder

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A pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated; specific to children and teens.

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schizophrenia

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A condition in which a person loses touch with reality; most serious of all mental illnesses; caused by genetic, environmental, and biochemical factors.

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personality disorder

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A condition in which a person has difficulty dealing with people and establishing meaningful relationships; difficulty adapting to change; deeply ingrained inflexibility, which can cause stress or impair everyday functioning.

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clinical psychologist

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A trained specialist in psychology who usually has a doctoral degree; treats a variety of issues; cannot prescribe medicine.

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psychotherapy

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A form of counseling that involves an ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health professional.

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psychiatrist

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Medical Doctor (M.D.) or doctor of osteopathy (D.O.) who specializes in the treatment and prevention of mental disorders with medications.

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Explain the three major causes that contribute to mental health disorders.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: The exact causes of mental disorders are not fully understood, but the main causes are physical, psychological, and environmental factors. Physical factors are abnormalities in the body that occur due to physical damage. Brain damage, exposure to toxins, prenatal damage, poor nutrition, and genetic factors are just some of the examples of physical damage that can cause mental illness. Psychological issues are feelings or emotional stressors in life such as feelings of anxiety or loneliness. Environmental conditions that influence mental illness are unmanageable changes such as death or divorce, social and cultural expectations, and substance abuse.

question

According to the lecture, all of the following are examples of environmental factors that influence mental health disorders EXCEPT:

answer

brain damage

question

Compare and contrast the roles of a psychologist with a psychiatrist.

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Psychiatrists obtain a medical degree and are able to prescribe medications to clients, while psychologists are not. Both a psychologist and a psychiatrist treat clients with mental illnesses. They often work together when treating a patient and focus on providing strategies to make the client's life more manageable.

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Give an example of how a clinical psychologist might treat someone diagnosed with a mood disorder.

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A clinical psychologist may suggest that someone with a mood disorder set up an appointment with a psychiatrist to get medication to stabilize or assist with mood swings. The psychologist might also teach the client different strategies for handling stressful situations and/or techniques to stabilize mood issues.

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Major contributing causes of mental health disorders are environmental conditions and situations.

answer

True

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The most common type of mental disorder is mood disorder.

answer

True

question

Compare and contrast conduct disorders with personality disorders.

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Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Conduct disorders are most often specific to kids and teens. This type of disorder leads to aggressive, violent, and destructive behaviors. Those diagnosed with a conduct disorder often have low self-esteem and little guilt or remorse for their behavior. On the other hand, personality disorders can occur in all ages. People with this disorder chronically have a difficult time in their relationships, are usually inflexible, and have difficulty adapting to change.

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Which of the following statements BEST describes paranoid schizophrenia?

answer

includes having illusions and hallucinations

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Describe how moving to a new location and beginning a new job may be difficult for someone diagnosed with a personality disorder.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Someone diagnosed with a personality disorder has difficulty coping with or adapting to situations involving change. They also have difficulty establishing relationships with others. Therefore, someone with a personality disorder would have trouble moving to a new location and beginning a new job because both of these involve dealing with people and changing current circumstances.

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The causes of mental disorders include __________ factors.

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Biological, environmental, physical

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Physical factors influencing mental health disorders include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

cultural expectations

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Medications are often the complete solution for curing those with a mental health disorder.

answer

False

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Anxiety disorders are __________.

answer

characterized by abnormal fear of everyday situations

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Mental health disorders are usually due to a single cause.

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False

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If you or someone you know may have a mental disorder, it's important to discuss this concern with a trusted adult.

answer

True

question

Which of these statements BEST summarizes the cause of mental health disorders?

answer

Mental health disorders occur because of a variety of factors.

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Which of the following is NOT a mental health professional?

answer

radiologist

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Mental health disorders disrupt everyday activities.

answer

True

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All of the following are treatments for mental health disorders EXCEPT:

answer

chemotherapy

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Anxiety

answer

Feeling that often causes a sense of nervousness or a need to escape a situation.

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Phobia

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A strong, excessive fear of an object or a situation.

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Depression

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A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness that prevents a person from carrying out everyday activities.

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Suicide

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The act of intentionally taking one's own life.

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Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

answer

partial suppression disorder

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Compare and contrast major depression with dysthymia depression.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: The symptoms for these two types of depression are similar, but the dysthymia symptoms are less severe. In addition, major depression lasts for an indefinite period of time, while dysthymia depression only reoccurs for periods of a few days or weeks before fading away again.

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In general, anxiety disorders __________.

answer

have symptoms that can be treated with therapy and medication

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What is the most important step you can take if someone you know may be thinking about suicide?

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: If someone you know is considering suicide, talk with them about your observations and demonstrate your support for them. It may be important to tell others about the problem if they refuse to get help.

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Which of the following is most likely to create depression?

answer

traumatic life experiences

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Explain why anxiety can sometimes be a necessary and healthy feeling.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Anxiety is a biological response to stress. Normal levels of anxiety can temporarily help stimulate your mind and body to help you perform in difficult situations or to escape danger. It is only when the anxiety is sustained over longer periods of time that negative consequences occur.

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Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

answer

bulimia

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Describe the treatment options for someone with an anxiety disorder.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Therapy can be used to talk through thoughts and provide cognitive behavior treatment. Medications can help to regulate anxiety through chemical controls. Under the influence of hypnosis, the causes of anxiety can sometimes be alleviated. Finally, support groups can offer comfort and help in a nonjudgemental manner from others in similar situations.

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What lifestyle choices can help reduce the risk of suicide?

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Maintaining a healthy support group of friends and family, avoiding drugs and alcohol, and seeking treatment for depression can reduce one's risk of suicide.

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Explain when you should seek treatment for depression.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: When depression begins to affect your work and daily life, you should seek professional treatment.

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Warning signs of suicide include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

feelings of euphoria

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How does therapy help in the treatment of depression?

answer

changes negative thinking patterns

question

Which of these statements describes experiences or feelings related to anxiety?

answer

excessive fear of objects or situations fear of embarrassment constant worry

question

If you suspect someone you know may attempt suicide, you should __________.

answer

help them talk through their issues

question

There are no risks when taking medication to treat anxiety.

answer

False

question

Feelings of sadness __________.

answer

are one of the major symptoms of depression

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Medications taken for the treatment of depression __________.

answer

must be monitored closely for the proper dosage

question

Hypnosis is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

answer

True

question

Periods of depression that do called adjustment disorders.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is NOT true?

answer

Suicide only has consequences for the person who attempts suicide.

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Stress

answer

The body's automatic physical response to outside forces.

question

Distress

answer

A negative stress that can make a person sick or can keep a person from reaching a goal.

question

eustress

answer

A positive stress that energizes a person and helps a person reach a goal.

question

stressor

answer

The situations or pressures that cause stress.

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stress response

answer

The body's initial reaction to stress.

question

General Adaption Syndrome

answer

Describes the bodies short-term and long-term reactions to stress in three specific stages.

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Stress can affect the circulatory system by causing headaches, heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes.

answer

True

question

Stress is the body's automatic physical reaction to real or imagined forces.

answer

True

question

What are the key signs of stress affecting mental health?

answer

If one has a constant state of alertness and anxiety, then they may have stress that is affecting their mental health. In many cases, due to the prolonged exposure to stress, the fight-or-flight response has been on for too long, leading to exhaustion due to increased levels of hormones, which may lead to depression.

question

What are some of the physical signs of stress?

answer

The signs of stress include headache, dry mouth, heartburn, constipation, depression, and insomnia.

question

What are the features of general adaptation syndrome?

answer

The three steps in the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Alarm is the fight-or-flight response. Your hormones surge, breathing becomes rapid and shallow, glucose is released, your heart rate increases, and your pupils dilate. The second part is resistance, which includes either fighting, where a stressor is taken head on, or flight, where a stressor is avoided. It includes how your body uses stored energy, hormones, minerals, and glucose to react. The final stage is exhaustion, also known as burn out. After prolonged stress, exhaustion kicks in and the ability to manage stress becomes low. At this point, the system of the body can become compromised due to prolonged exposure to the hormones involved with stress.

question

Positive, short-term, motivating, and inspiring stress is called __________.

answer

Eustress

question

Change in diet, sleep patterns, and routine are all __________ signs of stress.

answer

behavioral

question

How can stress actually be a good thing?

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: The body's initial reaction to stress keeps you alert, gives you a burst of energy, and allows you to face the challenge. It can protect you from harm and motivate you during the incident. It can also sharpen your concentration.

question

Stress has an effect on every system of the body.

answer

True

question

Compare and contrast eustress with distress.

answer

distress is great sorrow, pain, or trouble Eustress is good stress

question

Behavior

answer

the way someone acts

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cope

answer

to deal with difficulties or responsibilities in a successful manner.

question

Describe the importance of getting enough sleep.

answer

Getting 8 to 9 hours of sleep a night improves concentration and allows for clearer thoughts. Sleep can also improve individual mood and attitude. It also improves physical health and chances of success.

question

Briefly describe some examples of negative ways to cope with stress.

answer

Some negative coping strategies include smoking, drinking alcohol, or using drugs. It might also include over- and undereating as a way to manage stress. Lashing out at others is another negative way stress shows. Finally, many choose to avoid the problem altogether by sleeping too much, watching TV or playing on the computer hour after hour, and withdrawing from family and friends.

question

When considering the claim that eating well helps to reduce stress, what advice might your give a friend who appears to be stressed about an upcoming exam but chooses to have chips and soda for lunch every day?

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: I may tell my friend that a poor diet can lead to fatique and the inability to concentrate on or prepare effectively for her exam. Rather than drinking soda, I would recommend that my friend drink more water and limit comfort foods. I also may remind my friend that eating a balanced diet helps to decrease any school- or work-related stress.

question

Explain how relaxing and/or laughing helps to reduce stress.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: By adopting a "relax and laugh" coping strategy, it will make me choose to spend time with people that make me laugh. It might also help me participate in activities that are enjoyable and elicit laughter. It might also improve my immune system because laughter and relaxation boost an immune system. Relaxation also helps recharge your batteries.

question

Which of the following is a benefit to getting an adequate amount of sleep?

answer

better concentration improved physical health improved chances of success

question

Positive coping skills include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

drinking excessive alcohol

question

List and briefly describe some examples of positive ways to cope with stress.

answer

Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Positive coping skills include redirecting energy, which includes trying something new like a creative project or working out; relaxing and laughing, which help recharge your energy; maintaining a positive attitude, which includes being confident and embracing positive values; seeking support from trusted persons; and expressing oneself, which is important because it allows you to express your thoughts and desires.

question

When practicing refusal skills, it is beneficial to participate in a potentially stressful or threatening situation.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is NOT a healthy way to express yourself?

answer

fighting to release energy

question

Once the cause of stress has been identified, there are no behaviors that can lessen the effect of or eliminate the stress.

answer

False

question

Keeping a journal is not an effective way of keeping stress under control.

answer

False

question

Marriage and graduation can be stressful life events.

answer

True

question

Lashing out at others is a healthy way of coping with stress.

answer

False

question

For most people, getting 8 to 9 hours of sleep increases concentration, improves physical health, and improves one's mood.

answer

True

question

Getting physical exercise is a healthy way to combat stress.

answer

True

question

Healthy behaviors include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

agreeing with everything and everyone

question

Participating in physical activity can help to reduce stress in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

answer

it causes fatigue and exhaustion

question

Which of the following is NOT an important component of planning ahead?

answer

constructing an inflexible plan

question

Talking with a trusted person about what stresses you is an example of what type of coping strategy?

answer

expressing oneself and seeking support

question

Smoking, drinking, or using drugs are all considered to be negative ways of coping with stress.

answer

True

question

A common strategy for coping with anxiety, depression, or thoughts of suicide is finding support from people around you.

answer

True

question

Healthy ways of coping with stress include developing refusal skills, getting sleep, and planning ahead.

answer

True

question

Mental health disorders are not really diseases.

answer

False

question

Being able to perform well in a high pressure situation is a natural stress response that releases extra hormones.

answer

True

question

Type A personalities are less prone to stress than most people.

answer

False

question

According to the lecture, all of the following are examples of environmental factors that influence mental health disorders EXCEPT:

answer

Brain Damage

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