Despite constant revenues, M&S experienced disappointing sales in their primary market, the UK. They had increased their purchases for the autumn 1998 and spring 1999 clothing lines based on optimistic trading predictions and expanded their store area by 9% after acquiring Merriden's stores (Merriden, 2000). However, when sales did not meet expectations, M;S swiftly reduced their orders.
According to Merriden (2000), there was a shortage of fresh products and an excess of unsold items, which resulted in unimpressive stock on the shelves. TESCO, which has over 240,000 employees globally and 180,000 in the UK (Parrish, 2003), is committed to identifying and developing its staff's abilities with a successful history. Marriott International Inc. is a worldwide leader in the hospitality sector.
Marriott International Inc was founded by J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott in 1927 as a soft-drink stand in Washingt
...on DC. Today, the company has almost 2,800 lodging properties located across 70 territories and countries worldwide (Marriott International Inc 2007). The Inland Revenue, which is part of the UK Civil Service organisation, has been responsible for tax assessment and collection since income tax was introduced on a temporary basis in 1842. Significant developments include PAYE being introduced in 1944 and Self-Assessment in 1997/8.
According to Currie and Procter (2003), the Inland Revenue had a workforce of over 52,000 in 1999, including approximately 9,500 part-time employees. Nowadays, more and more companies are implementing changes in their human resource departments to establish a closer relationship with operational managers across the organization. One common practice is to assign a human resource generalist to each business unit, acting as a consultant and gaining knowledge about the business and its drivers. As a
result, they acquire a better understanding of how to support the business unit in achieving their objectives (Buhler, 1999).
By utilizing this format, the HR generalist offers comprehensive HR assistance to their unit and relies on the expertise of specialists in the corporate HR division. Depending on the circumstance, an HR specialist assigned to a particular business unit may conduct a requirements evaluation and identify specific training necessities. If the generalist lacks qualifications, they may enlist the aid of the corporate HR training specialist to administer the program. This structure provides greater agility and can better meet the unique requirements of each business unit.
The HR representative assigned to the SBU comprehends the business and is able to communicate the business requirements to HR support. Some organizations opt for a more centralized structure, with a corporate HR department that provides assistance to all strategic business units. This HR department comprises specialists who offer identical services to all SBUs of the organization (see Appendix: Table 2). This means that a training specialist might provide training programs to employees across all business units.
According to Buhler (1999), the HR department provides support to managers in operational units, which enables HR employees to become experts in their respective fields. This benefits all managers across the organization as they can draw on the expertise of these HR professionals (see Appendix: Table 1). However, some companies may not be sufficiently attentive to the unique needs of individual business units and may only provide standardized solutions instead of addressing specific requirements.
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