History 1301 test 1 – Flashcards
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indentured servants, slaves
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In response to labor shortages, Virginia and other colonies relied on __ (poor whites from England) and __
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enlightenment
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A philosophical movement that used logic and reason to explain the workings of nature was known as the __. Ben Frainklin was the best known representative of this movement.
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Salem
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__ was a massachusetts town suffered from witchcraft hysteria during the early 1690s.
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rice
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Aside from tobacco, name a cash crop grown in South Carolina.
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Great Awakening
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__ was a religious movement that swept through the colonies during the 1730s.
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Jamestown
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The first permanent English settlement in North America was __.
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tobacco
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John rolfe helped to save Jamestown by establishing __ as a viable cash crop for the colony.
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Catholics
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Maryland was established as a haven for the __ who were being persecuted in England.
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Puritans
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The settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony were known as __ because they wanted to remove Catholic practices from the Anglican Church (but tehy did not want to leave the Anglican Church).
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South Carolina
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This colony was the most dependent on slave labor (even from its very founding).
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Aztec
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The __ were one of the three advanced civilizations that were located in Mexico between 1200-1500.
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Germany
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__ was one of the few countries that did not support early exploration of the New World.
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Spain
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Christopher Columbus sailed for __ in 1492.
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biological exchange
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The __ is a term used to describe the sharing of plants, animals and diseases between the New World, Europe, and Africa.
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Roanoke
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Located off the coast of present-day North Carolina and often referred to as the "Lost Colony", __ represented one of England's first attempts to establish a permanent colony in the New World in 1587.
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minerals, exotic products
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Profit from __ and __ was the overriding objective of the joint-stock Virginia Company.
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Virginia Company, Jamestown
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A joint-stock company, the __ was formed to fund British colonies, even the 1607 __ colony.
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Maryland, the Carolinas
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Proprietary colonies, such as __ and __ were given to individuals who desired wealth but did not usually become colonists themselves.
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poor
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Colonies were also an outlet for Britain's __.
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food shortages, Powhatans
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__ made the early years of Jamestown grim, except when the __ provided corn.
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Indian uprising
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In 1622, an __ was created due to deteriorating relations with the Indians.
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minerals, trade, agriculture
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English investors searched for profits from __ and __ with Indians, no from __.
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religion
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__ was the primary motivation for the founding of several colonies.
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Plymouth
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The __ colony was founded by separatists on a mission to build a Christian commonwealth outside the structure of the Anglican church.
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Rhode Island
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__ was established by Roger Williams, a religious dissenter from Massachusetts.
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Maryland
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__ was founded as a refuge for English Cahtolics.
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William Penn, Pennsylvania
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__, a Quaker, founded __ and invited Europe's persecuted religious sects to his colony.
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Dutch, New Netherland
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The __, with their policy of toleration, allowed members of all faiths to settle in __.
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Pequot War of 1637, King Philip's War
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Puratins retaliated harshly against Indian resistance in the __ and __ from 1675-1676.
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Roger Williams, William Penn
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Only __ and __ treated the natives as equals.
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Tuscarora, Yamasee Wars
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Conflicts in the Carolinas -the __ and __- occurred because of Indian slave trade and other abuses by traders.
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France, Spain
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__ and __ used natives to further their imperial ambitions, which allowed the Native Americans to play the European powers against one another.
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Lords Commissioners of Trade and Plantations
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__ administered the economy of the British Empire.
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Mercantilism
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__ is the economic doctrine that says government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and security of a state.
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Navigation Acts
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The __ decreed that enumerated goods had to go directly to England and discouraged manufacturing in the colonies.
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The Glorious Revolution
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__ of 1688 resulted in a period of "salutary neglect" of the colonies.
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French and Indian War
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The __ (also known as The Seven Years' War) was the first world war and was eventually won by the British.
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acts, taxes
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Left with an enormous national debt from the Seven Year's War, King George III began to implement various __ and __ to make up for the money lost in protecting England's colonies.
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Stamp Act
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Colonial reaction to the __ of 1765 was the first intimation of real trouble for imperial authorities: colonists argued that citizens should be taxed only by their elected representatives.
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Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party
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Spontaneous resistance led to the __; organized protests staged the __.
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Coercive Acts
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In response to the retaliations, the British imposed the __, with only sparked further violence.
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Patrick Henry
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__ was one of the loudest protestors of the Stamp Act in Virginia.
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Thomas Paine, Common Sense
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It was __, in __, who first argued clearly that independence was not only necessary in response to royal actions but also economically viable.
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Lexington and Concord
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__ was where the first shots of the American Revolution were fired.
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Battle of Bunker Hill
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The __, also known as Breed's Hill, was the first major battle of the American Revolution.
