Question 1

The marketing concept is a philosophy of customer satisfaction and ________.

Accepted Answer

mutual gain

Question 2

Many critics charge that the American marketing system causes ________ to be higher than they would be under more \"sensible\" systems.

Accepted Answer

prices

Question 3

Critics charge that intermediaries ________.

Accepted Answer

are inefficient

Question 4

A long-standing charge against intermediaries is that they mark up prices beyond the ________.

Accepted Answer

value of their services

Question 5

Marketers respond to charges of high advertising and promotion costs unnecessarily increasing retail prices by arguing that advertising adds ________.

Accepted Answer

value by providing information about product availability

Question 6

Most businesses try to deal fairly with consumers because ________.

Accepted Answer

businesses want to build customer relationships and businesses want repeat business (a and c)

Question 7

Deceptive practices fall into three groups: deceptive ________, deceptive________, and deceptive ________.

Accepted Answer

pricing; promotion; packaging

Question 8

Deceptive promotion differs from deceptive pricing in that deceptive promotion overstates the product\'s ________ or ________.

Accepted Answer

features; performance

Question 9

A major step in regulating \"unfair or deceptive business acts and practices\" was the enactment of the ________ in 1938.

Accepted Answer

Wheeler-Lea Act

Question 10

Advertising \"puffery\" is a term for ________.

Accepted Answer

innocent exaggeration for effect

Question 11

When critics claim that insurance, real estate, and used cars are sold, not bought, they are making accusations of the use of________.

Accepted Answer

high-pressure selling

Question 12

Consumers Union, the nonprofit testing and information organization, publishes ________ to assist the consumer in choosing products and to encourage businesses to eliminate product flaws.

Accepted Answer

Consumer Reports

Question 13

Critics have charged that some companies intentionally manufacture their products with materials or components that cause the product to need to be replaced before it actually should need replacement. What is this called?

Accepted Answer

planned obsolescence

Question 14

Planned obsolescence might involve all of the following except which one?

Accepted Answer

the use of unsafe materials

Question 15

Marketers respond to charges of planned obsolescence with all of the following except which one?

Accepted Answer

The product will eventually wear out anyway.

Question 16

Critics claim that companies in the ________ industries introduce planned streams of new products that make older models obsolete, a form of planned obsolescence that harms consumers.

Accepted Answer

consumer electronics and computer

Question 17

Critics who believe that the American marketing system poorly serves disadvantaged consumers claim that the ________pay more for inferior goods.

Accepted Answer

urban poor

Question 18

The presence of ________ in low-income neighborhoods makes a big difference in keeping prices down.

Accepted Answer

large national chain stores

Question 19

When major chain retailers avoid placing stores in disadvantaged neighborhoods, they are likely to be accused of the discriminatory practice of ________.

Accepted Answer

redlining

Question 20

Critics have charged that the marketing system urges too much interest in ________.

Accepted Answer

material possessions

Question 21

Critics of the American economic marketing system have charged that marketers have created a culture in which people are judged by what they ________.

Accepted Answer

own

Question 22

A drive for wealth and possessions hit new highs in the ________, when phrases such as \"greed is good\" and \"shop till you drop\" seemed to characterize the times.

Accepted Answer

1980s and 1990s (c and d)

Question 23

In the current decade, social scientists have noted a ________.

Accepted Answer

reaction against waste

Question 24

The critics do not view the typical American interest in material things as ________.

Accepted Answer

a natural state of mind

Question 25

Businesses hire ________ firms to use mass media to create materialistic models of the good life.

Accepted Answer

Madison Avenue

Question 26

Critics say marketing is seen as benefiting ________ more than ________.

Accepted Answer

industry; consumers

Question 27

Marketers are most effective when they appeal to ________ rather than when they ________.

Accepted Answer

existing wants; attempt to create new ones

Question 28

The high failure rate of new products shows that companies are not able to ________.

Accepted Answer

control demand

Question 29

The overselling of private goods results in ________, such as cars causing traffic jams, air pollution, injuries, and deaths.

Accepted Answer

social costs

Question 30

To restore the balance between private and public goods, producers could be required to bear the full ________ costs of their operations.

Accepted Answer

social

Question 31

For cars, \"social costs\" include all of the following except which one?

Accepted Answer

congestion tolls

Question 32

Cultural pollution could be referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

commercial noise

Question 33

A major way to reverse the cultural pollution caused by marketing is to adjust ________.

Accepted Answer

advertising levels

Question 34

In response to charges of ________, marketers point out that advertising makes much of television and radio free to users and also keeps down the cost of magazines and newspapers.

Accepted Answer

cultural pollution

Question 35

Critics charge that a company\'s marketing practices can harm other companies and reduce competition among companies. Problems involved include all of the following except which one(s)?

Accepted Answer

marketing practices that confuse consumers

Question 36

Which of the following is most responsible for the shrinking number of competitors in almost every major industry?

Accepted Answer

acquisition of competitors

Question 37

Large marketing companies can use patents and heavy promotion spending to ________.

Accepted Answer

set up barriers for others wanting to enter the industry

Question 38

Which of the following is not a potential advantage of the practice of acquisition?

Accepted Answer

Acquisitions require little government oversight.

Question 39

Setting prices below cost, threatening to cut off business with suppliers, and discouraging the purchase of a competitor\'s products are all examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

predatory competition

Question 40

The two major movements to keep business in line are environmentalism and ________.

Accepted Answer

consumerism

Question 41

The first organized consumer movement in the United States took place in the early 1900s. It was fueled by all of the following conditions except which one?

Accepted Answer

unsafe merchandise

Question 42

Ralph Nader is most closely associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

the consumerism movement of the 1960s

Question 43

_____ is an organized movement of citizens and government agencies to improve the rights and power of buyers in relation to sellers.

Accepted Answer

Consumerism

Question 44

Which of the following is not a traditional sellers\' right?

Accepted Answer

the right to promote any product to any audience

Question 45

Many people believe that the balance of power in the buyer-seller relationship lies on the seller\'s side. Critics believe that buyers have too little education, protection, and ________ to make wise decisions when facing sophisticated sellers.

Accepted Answer

information

Question 46

Consumer advocates call for all of the following additional consumer rights except which one?

Accepted Answer

The right to be protected from unwanted marketing messages.

Question 47

Proposals related to the consumer\'s right to ________ include controlling the ingredients that go into certain products and putting consumer representatives on company boards to speak for consumer interests.

Accepted Answer

influence products and marketing practices in ways that will improve the \"quality of life\"

Question 48

_____ is an organized movement of concerned citizens and government agencies to protect and improve people\'s living environment.

Accepted Answer

Environmentalism

Question 49

Environmentalists assert that the marketing system\'s goal should be to maximize ________.

Accepted Answer

life quality

Question 50

The ________ in the United States came about because of concern for the loss of the atmosphere\'s ozone layer, toxic wastes, litter, and the damage caused by strip mining and forest depletion.

Accepted Answer

first wave of modern environmentalism

Question 51

_____ is a management approach that involves developing strategies that both sustain the environment and produce profits for the company.

Accepted Answer

Environmental sustainability

Question 52

Environmental sustainability includes ________.

Accepted Answer

protecting the environment and producing profits (a and c)

Question 53

Companies emphasizing ________ are developing \"green marketing\" programs that develop ecologically safer products, recyclable and biodegradable packaging, more energy-efficient operations, and better pollution controls.

Accepted Answer

pollution prevention

Question 54

Which of the following is not a component of \"green marketing\"?

Accepted Answer

cradle-to-cradle practices

Question 55

Minimizing pollution from production and all environmental impacts throughout the full product life cycle is called ________.

Accepted Answer

product stewardship

Question 56

Design for environment (DFE) involves thinking ahead in the design stage to create products that are easier to reuse, recycle, or ________.

Accepted Answer

recover

Question 57

What do most companies today focus on when it comes to protecting the environment?

Accepted Answer

investing heavily in pollution prevention

Question 58

Xavier Rentals, Inc., is now looking into the future and working internally on the third level of environmental sustainability, which is called ________.

Accepted Answer

new clean technology

Question 59

As international trade barriers come down and global markets expand, environmental issues are having ________ impact on international trade.

Accepted Answer

a greater

Question 60

The philosophy of ________ holds that a company\'s marketing should support the best long-run performance of the marketing system.

Accepted Answer

enlightened marketing

Question 61

Innovative marketing is ________.

Accepted Answer

a principle of enlightened marketing, based on the consumer\'s point of view, the attempt to continuously seek product and marketing improvements (a, b, and c)

Question 62

Which form of enlightened marketing requires that a company seek real product and marketing improvements?

Accepted Answer

innovative

Question 63

Some firms define their purpose in narrow product terms. Others that define their purpose in broad social terms follow ________.

Accepted Answer

sense-of-mission marketing

Question 64

When an enlightened company makes marketing decisions by considering consumers\' wants and interests, the company\'s requirements, and society\'s long-run interests, it is practicing ______ marketing.

Accepted Answer

societal

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