ANTH 211 CH. 1 – Flashcards

The study of how people use language in its cultural context is known as: a. descriptive linguistics. b. paralanguage. c. ethnology. d. sociolinguistics. e. participant observation.

Ethnographic fieldwork is the primary research strategy of which field? a. historic linguistics b. cultural anthropology c. sociolinguistics d. archaeology e. biological anthropology

What type of anthropologist studies people from a biological perspective as well as how humans have evolved over time? a. evolutionary archaeologist b. cultural evolutionist c. prehistoric archaeologist d. physical anthropologist e. historic linguistic

People are biological creatures as well as rational human beings. In order to gain a complete understanding of any aspect of human behavior, the field of anthropology adopts what strategy? a. ethnobiology b. four-field approach c. sociobiology d. syncretism e. cultural evolution

Changes in communication technology that have allowed military spouses to switch from mailing letters to their partners in Afghanistan to chatting with them on Skype are an example of what dynamic of globalism? a. time-space compression b. flexible adaption c. technological accumulation d. Internet communication e. rapid change

!Anthropology looks at the complete diversity of human life across space and time, and this reflects the field's commitment to: a. thoroughness. b. transnationalism. c. globalism. d. holism. e. human development.

Who studies how language changes over time? a. ethnologists b. linguistic archaeologists c. sociolinguists d. historic linguists e. paleoanthropologists

!In order to understand how any group of people lives in our global world today, it is necessary to explore not only the customs, beliefs, and other aspects of their local culture but also: a. environment and climate. b. political systems. c. production and exchange. d. religion and belief systems. e. global influences.

!The field of anthropology that explores genetics and evolution and looks at our closest relatives in the animal kingdom to gain a greater understanding of what it means to be human is known as: a. sociobiology. b. evolutionary biology. c. physical anthropology. d. primatology. e. paleoanthropology.

What is considered the most distinctive feature of being human? a. bipedal locomotion b. tool use c. the wheel d. language e. migration

In the study of immigration, anthropologists look at physical differences between populations, how the groups involved conceive of themselves and others, what they say about those other groups, and how these groups related to others in the past. This is an example of what aspect of anthropology? a. ethnology b. globalism c. holism d. elitism e. organicism

South Korea has developed amazingly, with huge corporations making vast amounts of money and giving everyone there a high standard of living, while the vast majority of people in the Central American nation of Guatemala are plagued by extreme poverty, violence, and poor living conditions. This is an example of: a. marginalization. b. elitism. c. differential monetization. d. neocolonialism. e. uneven development.

When anthropologists compare the polygyny of Mormon fundamentalists in Utah to Muslim tradition, which allows a man to have as many as four wives, they are doing what kind of analysis? a. ethnographic b. polygamous c. affinal d. ethnological e. holistic

!The author states that pollution, population growth, climate change, and overfishing are serious issues, and nature may not be able to adapt to: a. glacial activity. b. human activity. c. global warming. d. offshore drilling. e. intensification.

The study of fossils and ancient DNA to trace changes in human ancestors over time involves which specialization of anthropology? a. prehistoric archaeology b. biogenetics c. paleoanthropology d. forensic anthropology e. historic archaeology