anatomy ch 5 test banks – Flashcards
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1) Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except A) protection of underlying tissue. B) excretion of salts and wastes. C) maintenance of body temperature. D) synthesis of vitamin C. E) detection of sensations.
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Answer: D
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2) The two components of the integumentary system are the A) epidermis and dermis. B) cutaneous membrane and hypodermis. C) cutaneous membrane and accessory structures. D) integument and hypodermis. E) epidermis and superficial fascia.
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Answer: C
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3) The type of cells that form the strata in the epidermis are A) adipocytes. B) keratinocytes. C) fibroblasts. D) melanocytes. E) dendritic cells.
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Answer: B
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4) The tough superficial layer of the epidermis is known as the stratum A) corneum. B) lucidum. C) basale. D) granulosum. E) spinosum.
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Answer: A
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5) Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum A) corneum. B) lucidum. C) basale. D) granulosum. E) spinosum.
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Answer: A
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6) Water loss due to evaporation of fluid that has penetrated through the skin is called ________ perspiration. A) sensible B) insensible C) latent D) active E) inactive
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Answer: B
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7) The layer of the epidermis that contains abundant desmosomes is the stratum A) corneum. B) lucidum. C) basale. D) granulosum. E) spinosum.
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Answer: E
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8) The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the A) dermis. B) subcutaneous layer. C) epidermis. D) stratum basale. E) sebaceous layer.
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Answer: C
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9) Characteristics of the epidermis include A) multilayered. B) flexible. C) contains desmosomes. D) serves as UV radiation protection. E) All of the answers are correct.
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Answer: E
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10) All of the following are true of epidermal ridges except that they A) extend into the hypodermis. B) increase surface area and friction on fingertips. C) cause ridge patterns on the surface of the skin. D) produce patterns that are determined partially genetically. E) interconnect with the dermal papillae.
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Answer: A
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11) ________ are cells in the epidermis that are part of the immune system. A) Dendritic cells B) Basal cells C) Merkel cells D) Squamous cells E) Melanocytes
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Answer: A
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12) Water loss from insensible perspiration A) is unaffected by damage to the epidermis. B) is too small to be measured reliably. C) is approximately 0.5 liters a day. D) always exceeds sensible perspiration. E) depends on apocrine sweat glands.
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Answer: C
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13) The epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue? A) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium B) simple squamous epithelium C) transitional epithelium D) areolar connective tissue E) nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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Answer: A
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14) The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the A) stratum corneum. B) stratum basale. C) papillary layer. D) basal lamina. E) stratum granulosum.
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Answer: B
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15) The protein that reduces water loss at the skin surface is A) eleidin. B) collagen. C) mucin. D) keratin. E) melanin.
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Answer: D
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16) Thin skin contains ________ epidermal layer(s) and thick skin contains ________ layers. A) 1; 2 B) 2; 3 C) 3; 4 D) 4; 5 E) 5; 6
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Answer: D
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17) While walking barefoot on the beach, Joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated through the sole of his foot to the dermis. How many layers of epidermis did the thorn penetrate? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
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Answer: E
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18) The primary pigments contained in the epidermis are A) carotene, hemoglobin, and xanthophyll. B) carotene, melanin, and hemoglobin. C) melanin, chromatin, and chlorophyll. D) xanthophyll, hemoglobin, and melanin. E) melanin, carotene, and chromatin.
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Answer: B
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19) An albino individual lacks the ability to produce A) melanin. B) keratin. C) carotene. D) perspiration. E) eleidin.
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Answer: A
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20) All of the following are true of the pigment melanin, except that it A) decreases in concentration within cells during exposure to the sun. B) is usually some shade of brown or black. C) protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation. D) is produced from the amino acid tyrosine. E) is produced by cells called melanocytes.
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Answer: A
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21) Cyanosis signifies that a patient has A) had too much sun. B) been kept out of the sun. C) an allergic reaction. D) oxygen-starved skin. E) been exposed to cyanide.
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Answer: D
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22) Jaundice is indicated by a(n) ________ skin coloration. A) reddish B) yellowish C) orange D) bluish E) brown
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Answer: B
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23) Exposure to ultraviolet light (sunlight) causes the skin to darken by increasing the production of A) hemoglobin. B) carotene. C) collagen. D) keratin. E) melanin.
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Answer: E
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24) The ________ in keratinocytes protects the epidermis and dermis from the harmful effects of sunlight. A) sebum B) hemoglobin C) melanin D) carotene E) keratin
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Answer: C
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25) Which of the following is not an effect of ultraviolet radiation? A) increased activity by melanocytes B) production of cholecalciferol within epidermal cells C) reduced amounts of elastic fibers in the dermis D) chromosomal damage in germinative cells or melanocytes E) loss in skin pigmentation as seen in vitiligo
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Answer: E
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26) Which of the following is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight? A) vitamin A B) vitamin B C) vitamin C D) vitamin D E) vitamin E
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Answer: D
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27) Types of skin cancers include A) squamous cell carcinoma. B) malignant melanoma. C) basal cell carcinoma. D) actinic keratosis. E) A, B, and C
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Answer: E
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28) Which of the following statements about rickets is not true? A) It is usually genetic. B) It leads to weak bones. C) It leads to skeletal deformity. D) It is prevented by vitamin D. E) It is prevented by sunlight.
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Answer: A
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29) Children in northern regions experience months of inadequate sunlight exposure on the skin. To prevent possible abnormal bone development, what essential organic nutrient is necessary in the diet? A) vitamin C B) calcium C) cholecalciferol D) protein E) retinol-A
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Answer: C
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30) Epidermal growth factor exerts which of these effects on the epidermis? A) promotes cell division B) stimulates keratin synthesis C) accelerates tissue repair D) speeds up glandular function E) All of the answers are correct.
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Answer: E
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31) The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the ________ layer. A) papillary B) reticular C) epidermal D) subcutaneous E) hypodermal
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Answer: A
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32) The layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the strength of the skin is the ________ layer. A) papillary B) reticular C) epidermal D) subcutaneous E) hypodermal
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Answer: B
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33) The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is A) collagen. B) melanin. C) keratin. D) elastin. E) carotene.
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Answer: D
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34) Skin inflammation that primarily involves the papillary layer is termed A) papillitis. B) dermatitis. C) epidermatitis. D) superficialis. E) melanocytis.
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Answer: B
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35) A surgical incision parallel to the lines of cleavage A) closes and heals with relatively little scarring. B) has a tendency to reopen. C) heals slower than incisions made perpendicular to the lines of cleavage. D) does not affect the healing process. E) requires no sutures.
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Answer: A
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36) While assessing a patient, you discover that after pinching the skin on the back of the hand, it remains peaked. This is a sign of A) hydration intoxication. B) water intoxication. C) dehydration. D) advanced skin cancer. E) malfunctioning elastin.
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Answer: C
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37) Stretch marks occur when A) the skin is stretched in normal movements. B) surgical incisions are made perpendicular to the skin's lines of cleavage. C) the skin is so extensively stretched that its elastic limits are exceeded. D) athletes overextend a muscle. E) individual epidermal layers separate.
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Answer: C
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42) Which tissue is located in the region labeled "2"? A) stratified squamous epithelium B) areolar connective tissue C) adipose tissue D) cartilage and blood E) reticular connective tissues
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Answer: B
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43) All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer except it A) contains many blood vessels. B) permits independent movement of deeper structures. C) contains large amounts of adipose tissue. D) is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane. E) is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin.
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Answer: D
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1) Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called A) keloids. B) scabs. C) blisters. D) scars. E) pus.
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Answer: C
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2) Rapid water loss from burned skin is an extreme form of ________ perspiration. A) imprudent B) non-sense C) impractical D) vacuous E) insensible
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Answer: E
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3) The pigment found in vegetables that can make the skin appear orange or yellow is called A) cadmium. B) carotene C) hemoglobin. D) keratin. E) melanin.
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Answer: B
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4) Melanin is produced by melanocytes within the stratum A) corneum. B) lucidum. C) granulosum. D) spinosum. E) basale.
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Answer: E
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5) The skin appearance that results from dark-red hemoglobin is called A) erythema. B) cyanosis. C) jaundice. D) freckles. E) pallor.
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Answer: B
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6) Four signs useful for determining if a suspicious mark on the skin is melanoma follow the ABCD mnemonic. Which pairing is incorrect? A) A - asymmetry B) B - border C) C - circumference D) D - diameter E) They are all correct
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Answer: C
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7) A deficiency disease that illustrates the effect of integumentary system function on the structure of the skeletal system is A) osteoporosis. B) seborrheic dermatitis. C) decubitus ulcers. D) rickets. E) beriberi.
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Answer: D
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8) The most dangerous type of skin cancer is called A) keratosis. B) psoriasis. C) squamous cell carcinoma. D) melanoma. E) basal cell carcinoma.
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Answer: D
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9) Vitamin D3 is important for proper ________ development. A) skin B) bone C) muscle D) vision E) neural
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Answer: B
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10) Skin cancer that starts in the mitotically most active epidermal layer is called A) keratosis. B) psoriasis. C) squamous cell carcinoma. D) melanoma. E) basal cell carcinoma
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Answer: E
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11) A bruise turns "black and blue" because of ________ in the dermis. A) hyperactive sebaceous glands B) apparent cyanosis C) the accumulation of pus D) broken blood vessels E) a lack of oxygen
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Answer: D
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12) The clinical term for a bruise is a(n) A) infarction. B) contusion. C) hemorrhage. D) sclerotome. E) thrombus.
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Answer: B
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13) The drug tretinoin (Retin-A) A) reduces the appearance of fine wrinkles. B) minimizes scarring after surgery. C) stimulates hair growth. D) improves night vision. E) is used to treat dandruff.
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Answer: A
