question

The reliability of the content in Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia, is question able because...

answer

d. It is difficult to test the authenticity of the content due to the fact that anyone can contribute content.

question

Which of the following is the most appropriate wireless networking standard for creating personal area networks?

answer

d. Bluetooth

question

Today, most wireless local area networks use the _____ standard, which can transmit up to 54 Mbps and has a range of about 300 feet.

answer

d. 802.11g

question

The most fundamental information systems in an organization are:

answer

d. transaction processing systems

question

When the chief financial officer of a company wants a report on business units who have spent 10 percent more than their allotted budget, she would be requesting which type of report?

answer

a. Ad hoc c. Exception

question

Crowdsourcing involves outsourcing a job to a defined group of people.

answer

b. False

question

________ is the process whereby a fully automated electronic commerce transaction eliminates middlemen.

answer

d. Disintermediation

question

Routine reports are produced at scheduled intervals and have set data requirements. _____ reports are used when requirements are not routine.

answer

a. Ad hoc

question

The key mechanisms in the sell-side marketplace are customized electronic catalogs and reverse auctions.

answer

b. False

question

Which of the following is not an example of a transaction?

answer

d. Printing a report

question

A company's annual employee evaluation best fits which type of decision?

answer

c. semistructured

question

Being an entrepreneur, disturbance handler, and negotiator is part of the _____ managerial role.

answer

d. decisional

question

Which of the following is not a strategy for mitigating the risk of threats against information?

answer

e. Installing an updated operating system.

question

In a _____ system, participants are able to seamlessly and electronically share data, voice, images, graphics, and animation.

answer

c. Telepresence

question

Employees in which functional areas of the organization pose particularly grave threats to information security?

answer

b. human resources, management information systems

question

Success in the _____ phase of the decision-making process results in resolving the original problem, and failure leads to a return to previous phases.

answer

a. implementation

question

Which of the following factors is not increasing the threats to information security?

answer

d. limited storage capacity on portable devices

question

KPI stands for key process information (T/F)

answer

False (Key Performance Indicator)

question

The _____ is a global wide-area network that connects approximately 1 million organizational computer networks.

answer

c. Internet

question

Bob is using public key encryption to send a message to Ted. Bob encrypts the message with Ted's _____ key, and Ted decrypts the message using his _____ key.

answer

b. public, private

question

Knowledge workers _____

answer

C. advise middle managers.

question

A database management system is primarily a(n) _____.

answer

C. interface between applications and a database.

question

The visibility of Internet applications on the Web makes proprietary systems more difficult to keep secret. This is an example of which of Porter's five forces?

answer

E. rivalry among existing firms in an industry

question

In a relational database, every row represents a(n) _____.

answer

B. record

question

A set of programs that enable the hardware to process data is _____.

answer

B. application

question

In a database, the primary key field is used to _____.

answer

D. uniquely identify a record

question

Which of the following is not an example of business - IT alignment?

answer

C. The company views IT as a way to support the business but not as a way to create new revenue streams.

question

In a university's relational database, the student record contains information regarding the student's last name. The last name is a(n):

answer

A. attribute

question

_____ is a formal approach to managing data consistently across an entire organization.

answer

D. Data governance

question

_____ is/are the computer hardware, software, and communications technologies that are used by IT personnel to produce IT services.

answer

A. IT components

question

_____ systems provide interactive communication with the customer throughout the organization.

answer

b. Collaborative CRM

question

_____ systems support the front-office business processes which directly interact with customers.

answer

c. Operational CRM

question

Which of the following allows customers to connect to a company representative and conduct an instant messaging session?

answer

b. live chat

question

AT;T sells telephone services that include local and long-distance service, voice mail service, caller ID, and digital subscriber line access to the Internet. This is a form of:

answer

c. bundling

question

_____ are simple tools for answering repetitive customer questions.

answer

c. Frequently asked questions

question

Packaging, assembly, and manufacturing take place in which segment of the supply chain?

answer

b. internal

question

Which of the following is not a goal of supply chain management?

answer

c. to increase cycle time

question

The _____ refers to erratic shifts in orders up and down the supply chain.

answer

c. bullwhip effect

question

The benefits of EDI include which of the following?

answer

e. all of the above

question

_____ portals automate the business processes involved in selling products from a single supplier to multiple buyers.

answer

a. Distribution

question

The area of the earth reached by a satellite's transmission is referred to as its _____.

answer

c. Footprint

question

_____ is a wireless standard that enables temporary, short-range connection between mobile devices.

answer

a. Bluetooth

question

A small geographical perimeter within which a wireless access point provides service to a number of users is called a ________.

answer

b. Hotspot

question

The _____ standard can transmit up to 75 Mbps and has a range of 31 miles.

answer

e. WiMAX

question

The major problem with RFID has been _______.

answer

a. Expense

question

When interest is credited to your savings account at your bank, it is called a:

answer

d. transaction

question

_____ integrate the planning, management, and use of all of an organization's resources, and are designed to tightly integrate the functional areas of the organization.

answer

d. Enterprise resource planning systems

question

_____ are interorganizational ERP systems that provide Web-enabled links between an organization's key business systems and its customers, suppliers, business partners, and others.

answer

e. ERP II systems

question

_____ are the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods for achieving a business objective.

answer

b. Best practices

question

_____ reports include only information that falls outside certain threshold standards.

answer

c. Exception

question

Companies use Web sites for commerce for all of the following reasons except:

answer

d. To reduce the amount of actual cash they need to deal with.

question

In _______ e-commerce, the sellers and buyers are organizations.

answer

c. business-to-business

question

Direct payment of Social Security benefits is an example of ______ e-commerce.

answer

a. government-to-citizen

question

A vendor asks its business partners to place logos or banners on their Web sites. If customers click on a logo, visit the vendor's site, and make a purchase, then the vendor pays a commission to the partner. This scenario illustrates which business model?

answer

e. affiliate marketing

question

_____ use credit card numbers, transmitted electronically over the Internet, to pay for goods and services. They are either unencrypted or encrypted, with coded data readable by an intermediary between the buyer's and seller's banks.

answer

b. Electronic credit cards

question

______ are a form of e-cash that enable you to store a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it as necessary.

answer

b. Stored-value money cards

question

_____ enable two individuals to transfer funds without using a credit card.

answer

e. Person-to-person payments

question

Which type of electronic commerce is the largest by volume?

answer

c. business-to-business

question

The advantages of electronic commerce for consumers include all of the following except:

answer

c. You typically cannot access additional information, so you do not have information overload.

question

A _____ is automatically launched by some trigger and appears behind the active window.

answer

d. pop-under ad

question

You sign up for an RSS feed from CNN.com. Which of the following would you expect to happen?

answer

d. You will be notified of updates in the content areas you selected

question

You just started to work on a project with three other people. You realize that everyone has their own notes, which makes it hard for you to keep track of what has been done and what still needs to be done. Which of the following applications would you suggest the team use?

answer

e. Wikis

question

Which of the following is not a social networking site?

answer

d. Wikipedia

question

Which of the following is an advantage of social commerce over traditional ecommerce?

answer

b. The ability to predict buying habits based on real-time data

question

Which of the following is a true statement about the impact of social computing on a business?

answer

c. A small minority of individuals contribute the majority of feedback and can provide skewed data.

question

Groupon is an example of ________________

answer

c. Group shopping

question

Ratings, reviews, and recommendations

answer

d. Are an aspect of social shopping

question

Using social computing tools to do market research

answer

d. Can foster closer customer relationships.

question

HR departments use social computing applications to assist them in which of the following activities:

answer

e. All of the above

question

Crowdsourcing...

answer

e. presumes that a large number of enthusiasts can outperform a small group of experienced professionals.

question

An information system's _____ is the possibility that the system will be harmed by a threat.

answer

a. vulnerability

question

Cybercriminals can obtain the information they need in order to assume another person's identity by:

answer

e. All of the above are strategies to obtain information to assume another person's identity.

question

A _____ is a document that grants the holder exclusive rights on an invention for 20 years.

answer

b. patent

question

_____ are software programs that hide in other computer programs and reveal their designed behavior only when they are activated.

answer

c. Trojan horses

question

A _____ attack uses deception to fraudulently acquire sensitive personal information by masquerading as an official e-mail.

answer

d. Phishing

question

. _____ is the process in which an organization assesses the value of each asset being protected, estimates the probability that it will be compromised, and compares the probable costs of an attack with the costs of protecting the asset.

answer

b. Risk analysis

question

In _____, the organization purchases insurance as a means to compensate for any loss.

answer

e. risk transference

question

Access controls involve _____ before _____.

answer

b. authentication, authorization

question

Passwords and passphrases are examples of:

answer

d. something the user knows.

question

In the _____ phase of the decision-making process, managers examine a situation and identify and define the problem.

answer

d. intelligence

question

The type of decision that can be made by following a definite procedure is called a(n) ______ decision.

answer

a. structured

question

_____ is the efficient and effective execution of specific tasks.

answer

a. Operational control

question

_____ provides users with a view of what is happening, whereas _____ addresses why it is happening.

answer

e. Multidimensional data analysis, data mining

question

_____ attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output.

answer

d. Goal-seeking analysis

question

The primary distinguishing characteristic of geographical information systems is:

answer

d. every record or digital object has an identified geographical location

question

The _____________ ethical standard states that ethical actions treat all human beings equally.

answer

b. Fairness

question

What is _____ is not necessarily _____.

answer

c. Unethical, illegal

question

_____ issues involve who may obtain information and how much they should pay for this information.

answer

e. Accessibility

question

______________ is a legal concept that gives individuals the right to recover the damages done to them by other individuals, organizations, or systems.

answer

e. Liability

question

_____ refers to the range of frequencies available in any communications channel.

answer

E. Bandwidth

question

_____ signals convey information in wave form, whereas _____ signals convey information in binary form.

answer

B. Analog, digital

question

A protocol is:

answer

B. A standard set of rules and procedures for the control of communications in a network.

question

In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for:

answer

A. Disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.

question

A type of processing that links two or more computers in an arrangement in which some machines provide computing services for user computers is best described as _______.

answer

B. Client/server

question

A(n) _____ is a network designed to serve the internal informational needs of a single organization.

answer

D. Intranet

question

Each site on the Internet gets an assigned address, which is a(n) _____.

answer

C. URL address

question

Many organizations have implemented corporate portals for which of the following reasons?

answer

E. All of the above

question

Skype is an example of _______.

answer

D. Voice over IP

question

The newest type of videoconferencing technology is ________.

answer

B. Telepresence

question

Organizations are turning to data governance for which of the following reasons?

answer

b) They are responding to federal regulations.

question

_____ describe the activities of the business, whereas _____ categorize(s), aggregate(s), and evaluate(s) data generated by the organization's activities.

answer

a) Transaction data, master data

question

_____ occurs when the same data are stored in many places.

answer

d) Data redundancy

question

In the data hierarchy, the smallest element is the _____.

answer

b) Bit.

question

In a database, the primary key field is used to _____.

answer

d) uniquely identify a record

question

At your university, students can take more than one class, and each class can have more than one student. This is an example of what kind of relationship?

answer

d) many-to-many

question

8) A standardized language used to manipulate data is _____.

answer

d) Structured Query Language

question

_____ is a method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form.

answer

b) Normalization

question

Historically, management information systems have focused on capturing, storing, managing, and reporting _____ knowledge.

answer

b) explicit

question

Which of the following statements concerning technology pressures on modern businesses is true?

answer

b) New technologies offer alternative service options.

question

Producing customized items in large quantities is called:

answer

e) mass customization.

question

Information-based industries are most susceptible to which one of Porter's five forces?

answer

d) threat of substitute products

question

For most companies, the Web _____ the threat that new competitors will enter the market by _____ traditional barriers to entry.

answer

b) increases, decreasing

question

Buyer power is _____ when buyers have many choices from whom to buy and _____ when buyers have few choices.

answer

b) high, low

question

_____ activities create value for which customers are willing to pay, whereas _____ activities do not add value directly to the firm's products or services.

answer

d) Primary, support

question

Which strategy for competitive advantage involves offering different products, services, or product features?

answer

b) differentiation

question

Which strategy for competitive advantage involves introducing new products and putting new features in existing products?

answer

c) innovation

question

When Amazon welcomes you by name back to its Web site on your second visit, it is employing which strategy for competitive advantage?

answer

e) customer-orientation

question

Which of the following is not a cause of inadequate alignment between IT and business?

answer

e) Lack of funds

question

A(n) _____________ is a computer program designed to support a specific task or business process.

answer

b) Application

question

An organization's _____ consists of the physical facilities, IT components, IT services, and IT management that will support the entire organization.

answer

b) Information technology infrastructure

question

Which of the following statements is false?

answer

b) Each functional area within an organization has only one application.

question

Enterprise resource planning systems...

answer

c) use a common database for all functional areas

question

A collection of related files, tables, and so on that stores data and the associations among them is _____.

answer

c) a database

question

_____ systems are designed to correct a lack of communications among _____.

answer

c) Enterprise resource planning systems, functional area information systems

question

When your purchases are swiped over the bar-code reader at the point-of-sale terminals at Wal-Mart, a _____ records the data.

answer

a) transaction processing system

question

Supply chain systems are which type of information system?

answer

c) interorganizational information systems

question

An information system that analyzes credit card applications and suggests approval or denial is a(n):

answer

a) expert system

question

Which of the following statements is false?

answer

d) IT reduces stress by giving managers more time to make decisions.

question

Allows distributed workforce (or digital nomads) to work from anywhere and anytime

answer

Telecommuting

question

outsourcing a task to an undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open call

answer

Crowdsourcing

question

two or more individuals who act together to perform some task

answer

Work Group

question

when group members are in different locations

answer

Virtual Group (team)

question

Integrates voice, voice mail, fax, chat, e-mail, IM, short message service, and videoconferencing

answer

Unified Communication (UC)

question

Digitizes analog voice signals, sections them into packets, and sends them over the Internet

answer

Voice Communication (VoIP)

question

Virtual meeting place where groups of regulars come to chat

answer

Virtual Chat rooms

question

The largest-volume application on the Internet

answer

e-mail

question

Services that provide effective personalized customer contract as an important part of Web-based customer support

answer

Web-based call centers

question

Web-based, personalized gateways to information and knowledge that provide relevant information from different systems and the Internet using advanced search and indexing techniques

answer

Portals

question

Search several engines at once and integrate the findings of the various search engines to answer queries posted by users

answer

Metasearch Engines

question

Search for a specific information by key words and report the results

answer

Search Engines

question

Developed by U.S. universities collaborating with industry and government Not a separate physical network from the Internet Fast, always on, everywhere, natural, intelligent, easy, and trusted

answer

Internet2

question

A unique address for each computer on the Internet that distinguishes it from all other companies

answer

Internet Protocol Address

question

Expensive and usually only placed in new housing developments

answer

Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH)

question

Very convenient, and WiMAX will increase the use of broadband wireless

answer

Wireless

question

Access where cable and DSL are not available

answer

Satellite

question

Access over your TV coaxial cable. Can have degraded performance if many of your neighbors are accessing the Internet at once

answer

Cable Modem

question

Broadband access via telephone companies

answer

DSL

question

Still used in US where broadband is not available

answer

Dial-Up

question

Connects parts of the intranets of different organizations

answer

Extranet

question

Supports discovery, communication, and collaboration inside an organization

answer

Intranet

question

Began in 1969 as DoD's project ARPAnet

answer

Internet

question

Each computer acts as both server and client Access unused CPU power among networked computers Real-time, person-to-person collaboration: Microsoft SharePoint Peer-to-peer file-sharing: BitTorrent

answer

Peer-to-Peer Processing

question

End users access client computers to use services

answer

Client Computers

question

Provide computing services

answer

Server Computers

question

Divided processing works among two or more computers

answer

Distributed Processing

question

A file transfer protocol that can send large files of information across sometimes unreliable networks with assurance that the data will arrive uncorrupted

answer

Transmission control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TGP/IP)

question

A common LAN protocol

answer

Ethernet

question

Transmission Speed

answer

bps, hertz, bandwidth

question

Converts digital signals to analog or vice versa

answer

Modem (Modulator Demodulator)

question

Monitoring and managing an organization's performance according to key performance indicators (KPIs)

answer

Corporate Performance Management (CPM)

question

The process of assigning a geographical location to every object Enables users to generate information for planning, problem solving, and decision making

answer

Geocoding

question

Uses GISs and Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) together Allows analysts to extract information from the usage patterns of mobile phones and other wireless devices

answer

Reality Mining

question

A computer-based system for capturing, integrating, manipulating, and displaying data using digitized maps

answer

Geographic-Information Systems (GIS)

question

The process of presenting data to users in visual formats, thereby making IT applications more attractive and understandable to users

answer

Data Visualization

question

A strategic management room displaying a series of dashboards that helps managers pilot their businesses better

answer

Management Cockpit

question

-Provide rapid access to timely information -Provide direct access to management reports -Are very user friendly and supported by graphics

answer

Digital Dashboards

question

Enables users to employ multidimensional analysis, data mining, and decision support systems to analyze data in real time

answer

Real-Time Business Intelligence

question

Computer-based information systems that combine models and data in an attempt to analyze semistructured and some unstructured problems with extensive user involvement

answer

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

question

The process of searching for valuable information in a large database, data warehouse, or data mart

answer

Data Mining

question

Also called multidimensional analysis Provides users with a look at what is happening or what has happened Allows users to analyze data in such a way that they can quickly answer business questions

answer

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

question

Privacy issues that international organizations and governments face when information spans countries and jurisdictions

answer

International Assets of Privacy

question

Organizations are prohibited from collecting any personal information unless the customer specifically authorizes it

answer

Opt-In model

question

Organizations are permitted to collect personal information until the customer specifically requests that the data not be collected

answer

Opt-Out model

question

An organization's guidelines with respect to protecting the privacy of customers, clients, and employees

answer

Privacy Codes and Policies

question

Banks, utility companies, government, and credit reporting agencies

answer

Personal information in databases

question

The tracking of people's activities, online or offline, with the aid of computers

answer

Electronic Surveillance

question

The right to determine when, and to what extent, information about you can be gathered and/or communicated to others

answer

Information Privacy

question

The right to be left alone and to be free of unreasonable personal intrusions

answer

Privacy

question

Revolve around who should have access to information and whether they should have to pay for that access

answer

Accessibility Issues

question

Involve the ownership and value of information

answer

Property Issues

question

Involve the authenticity, fidelity, and accuracy of information that is collected and processed

answer

Accuracy Issues

question

Involve collecting, storing, and disseminating information about individuals

answer

Privacy Issues

question

A legal concept that gives individuals the right to recover the damages done to them by other individuals, organizations, or systems

answer

Liability

question

Determining who is responsible for actions that were taken

answer

Accountability

question

Accepting the consequences of your decisions and actions

answer

Responsibility

question

A collection of principles that are intended to guide decision making by members of an organization

answer

Code of Ethics

question

An ethical action is the one that best serves the community as a whole and is important to the welfare of everyone, not just some members.

answer

Common-Good Approach

question

An ethical action treats all humans equally, or if unequally, then fairly, based on some defensible standard.

answer

Fairness Approach

question

An ethical action is the one that best protects and respects the moral rights of the affected parties

answer

Rights Approach

question

An ethical action is the one that provides the most good or does the least harm.

answer

Utilitarian Approach

question

Use a combination of client data, auditor software, and client and auditor hardware

answer

Auditing WITH the computer

question

Inputs, outputs, and processing are checked Auditors review program logic and test data

answer

Auditing THROUGH the computer

question

Verify processing by checking for known outputs or specific inputs Best used in systems with limited outputs

answer

Auditing AROUND the computer

question

Review internal audit results and perform independent information systems audit

answer

External Auditors

question

Part of accounting internal auditing

answer

Internal Auditors

question

Examination of information systems including inputs, outputs, and processing to ensure that they work properly

answer

Information Systems Auditing

question

Provides physical location and utilities without no computer hardware or user workstations

answer

Cold Site

question

Has similar services and options as the hot site May not include the actual applications the company runs May include servers but not user workstations

answer

Warm Site

question

A fully configured computer facility, with all services, communications links, and physical plant operations

answer

Hot Site

question

Provides guidance on how to keep the business operating after a disaster occurs

answer

Business Continuity Planning

question

Monitor employees' computers, e-mail, and Internet activities

answer

Employee Monitoring Systems

question

An encryption standard for secure transactions such as credit card purchases and online banking

answer

Secure Socket Layer

question

Use logins and encryption to establish secure, private connection on a public network like the Internet

answer

Virtual Private Networking (VPN)

question

Converting an original message into a form that can only be read by the intended receiver

answer

Encryption

question

Allows everything to run unless it is on the blacklist

answer

Blacklisting

question

Allows acceptable software to run

answer

Whitelisting

question

Identify and eliminate malicious software

answer

Anti-Malware systems (AV)

question

Enforce access-control policy to prevent certain information from moving between untrusted and private networks

answer

Firewalls

question

Protect the movement of data across networks

answer

Communication Controls

question

Permission to do certain activities

answer

Authorization

question

Proof of identity

answer

Authentication

question

Restrict unauthorized user access to computer resources

answer

Access Controls

question

Prevent unauthorized individuals from gaining access to a company's facilities

answer

Physical Controls

question

Defense mechanisms to protect information assets

answer

Security Controls

question

Limit the risk by implementing controls that minimize the impact of threat

answer

Risk Limitation

question

Transfer the risk by using other means to compensate for the loss, such as purchasing insurance

answer

Risk Transference

question

Accept the potential risk, continue operating with no controls, and absorb any damages that occur

answer

Risk Acceptance

question

Organization takes concrete actions against risk

answer

Risk Mitigation

question

Prioritize assets (probability x value) Compare cost of security breach vs. cost of control

answer

Risk Analysis

question

Identify, control, and minimize the impact of threats

answer

Risk Management

question

The probability that a threat will impact an information resource

answer

Risk

question

Attack via the Internet using a target's computer systems to cause physical, real-world harm

answer

Cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare

question

SCADA systems control...

answer

chemical, physical, or transport processes

question

Small files stored on a computer containing information about visited Web sites

answer

Cookies

question

Creates a launchpad for sending out spam e-mails

answer

Spamware

question

Records keystrokes and Web browsing history

answer

Keystroke Logger

question

Collects personal information about users without their consent

answer

Spyware

question

Displays pop-up advertisements on computer screens

answer

Adware

question

Programs installed on a computer without user's consent or knowledge

answer

Alien Software (or pestware)

question

Dormant until activated at a certain date and time

answer

Logic bomb

question

Allows unauthorized access to the program or system, bypassing security measures

answer

Back Door or Trap Door

question

Disguised as an innocent program

answer

Trojan horse

question

Using hacked computers (zombies) to perform DoS attack

answer

Distributed DoS attack

question

Bombarding and crashing a target computer with bogus requests

answer

Denial-of-service (DoS) attack

question

Phishing attack on specific target

answer

Spear Phishing attack

question

Can spread by itself

answer

Worm

question

Attaches to a host computer

answer

Virus

question

Remote attack needing user action

answer

Software Attack

question

The property created by individuals or corporations

answer

Intellectual Property

question

Protects ownership of the property for the life of the creator plus 70 years

answer

Copyright

question

Protects an invention or process for 20 years

answer

Patent

question

Company secret, not public information

answer

Trade Secrets

question

Impersonating a trusted organization in an electronic communication

answer

Phishing

question

Deliberate assumption of another person's identity to access financial information or to frame a person for a crime through

answer

Identity Theft

question

Rummaging through trash to find discarded information

answer

Dumpster Diving

question

Smaller equipment is easier to steal Larger storage means more information lost

answer

Theft of equipment of information

question

Defacing an organization's Web site

answer

Sabotage (or vandalism)

question

Crosses the legal boundary

answer

Industrial Espionage

question

Legal information gathering

answer

Competitive Intelligence

question

Individual attempts to gain illegal access to organizational information

answer

Espionage (or Trespass)

question

The possibility that the system will be harmed by a threat

answer

Vulnerability

question

The harm, loss or damage that can result if a threat compromises that resource

answer

Exposure

question

Any danger to which a system may be exposed

answer

Threat

question

fuzzy, complex problems with no cut-and-dried procedures and solutions

answer

Unstructured Designs

question

routine and repetitive problems with standard procedures and solutions

answer

Structured Designs

question

The degree of protection against criminal activity, danger, damage, and/or loss

answer

Security

question

Protecting an organization's information resources from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction

answer

Information Security

question

Achieving the organization's goals

answer

Output

question

* Interpersonal roles * Informational roles * Decisional roles

answer

Process (Management)

question

* People * Money * Materials * Information

answer

Input

question

A process by which an organization achieves its goals through the use of resources

answer

Management

question

Social computing helps improves...

answer

Customer Service

question

A process of monitoring, collecting, and analyzing socially generated data to support strategic decisions

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Social Intelligence

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Using blogs, wikis, online forums, and social networking sites to collect feedback from customers

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Conversational Marketing

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The open nature of social networking allows merchants to understand, identify, and target potential customers at zero or low cost

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Market Research

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Viral marketing

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(word of mouth)

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Branded online applications that support social interactions and user contributions examples: Nike+ app

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Social Apps

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Leverages user dynamics to influence consumers Peer pressure, friend recommendations, likes, etc.

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Social Advertising

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Two main processes of Marketing

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1. Advertising 2. Market research

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A process of building profitable customer relationships by creating value for customers and capturing value in return

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Marketing

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Online intermediaries using social networks for buying and selling products and services

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Social marketplaces

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Offer discounts for members for limited time without diminishing a brand's image

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Shopping communities and clubs

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Major discounts offered for a short time

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Group Shopping

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Guide consumers in purchase decisions

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Ratings, reviews, and recommendations

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A type of e-commerce using social networking tools to enhance the shopping experience

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Social Shopping

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Benefits of Social Commerce (to businesses)

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can test new ideas/products less expensively and quickly learn more about their customers identify problems quicker and find solutions create better marketing

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Benefits of Social Commerce (to customers)

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better and faster vendor responses to clients customers can assist other customers customers expectations met more regularly and quickly

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Risks of social commerce

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Negative, unedited, and possibly invalid and unethical reviews Information security concerns Invasion of privacy Violation of intellectual property and copyright Data leakage of personal information or corporate strategic information

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The delivery of electronic commerce activities and transactions through social computing

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Social Commerce

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A Web site that takes different content from other Web sites and mixes them together to create a new kind of content

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Mashup

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Business-oriented social network (www.linkedin.com)

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Enterprise Social Networks

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A Web site that supports activities for maintaining social networks

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Social Networking websites

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A form of blogging using short messages, image, or video (TWITTER)

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Microblogging

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Millions of blogs on the Web

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Blogosphere

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Personal Web sites, open to the public

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Blogs (or weblogs)

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Subscribers receive customized information when they want it, without having to surf thousands of Web sites

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Really simple syndication (RSS)

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Using a tag (a keyword) to describes a piece of information in multiple, overlapping associations rather than in rigid categories

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Tagging

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A Web development technique that enables portions of Web pages to reload with fresh data instead of requiring the entire Web page to reload

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AJAX

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A loose collection of information technologies, applications, and the Web sites that use them

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Web 2.0

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First generation of the Web Focuses on creation and commercialization of the Web

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Web 1.0

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Enforcing copyright laws is extremely difficult

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Copyright

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Registrants using the five-day "grace period" at the beginning of a domain registration to profit from pay-per-click advertising

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Domain Tasting

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Registering domain names solely for the purpose of selling them later at a higher price

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Cybersquatting

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Delta.com belongs to Delta Faucet before Delta Airlines purchased it, is an example of:

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Domain Name Conflicts

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Ethical Issues in E-commerce

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Privacy and Job Loss

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Needed services such as temporary help or extra office space are traded on an "as-needed" basis

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Functional Exchanges

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Exchanges across many industries mainly for MRO materials

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Horizontal Exchanges

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Exchanges in a given industry

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Vertical Exchanges

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Connect many buyers and many sellers

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Exchanges

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-E-procurement and group purchasing Key mechanism: Reverse auctions

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Buy-Side Marketplace

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-Organizations sell their products or services to other organizations electronically either from their own or from a third-party Web site Mechanisms: E-catalogs and forward auctions

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Sell-Side Marketplace

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Involves finding the product to be shipped; packaging the product; arranging for delivery to the customer; and handling returns

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Order Fulfillment Effectiveness

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A company integrates its offline and online channels

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Multichanneling

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Occurs when manufacturers sell directly to customers online, alienating the distributors

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Channel conflict

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Indiscriminate distribution of electronic ads without the permission of the receiver

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Spamming

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-Online word-of-mouth marketing

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Viral marketing (Online advertising)

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Asks consumers to give their permission to voluntarily accept online advertising and e-mail

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Permission marketing (Online advertising)

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Sent to e-mail address on a customer database

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E-mail (Online advertising)

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Appears underneath the active window. Users see it when they close the active window

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Pop-under ad (Online advertising)

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Appears in front of the current browser window

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Pop-up ad (Online advertising)

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Electronic billboards

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Banner Ad

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Organizations advertise available positions, accept resumes, and applications via the Internet

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Online job market

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Use computers to trade stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments

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Online securities trading

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dedicated solely to Internet transactions

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Virtual banks

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Conducting banking activities not at a physical location

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Cyberbanking

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Customers accessing services via the Web

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Online Service Industries

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Customer cannot buy anything but will be transferred to a participating storefront

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Referral e-mall

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Customer can make a purchase

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Regular e-mall

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A Web site that represents a single store

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Electronic storefront

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Buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging of products, services, or information via computer networks, including the Internet

answer

Electronic commerce (e-commerce, EC)

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Electronic business (E-business)

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-A broader definition of EC -Buying and selling goods and services -Servicing customers -Collaborating with partners -Conducting e-learning -Conducting electronic transactions within an organization

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Extent to which the commerce has been transformed from physical to digital

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Degree of Digitization

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Bricks-and-mortar

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Purely physical organizations

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Partial EC

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Mix of digital/physical dimensions in terms of product, payment, process, delivery

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Clicks-and-mortar (clicks-and-bricks)

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-Conduct e-commerce activities -Conduct primary business in physical world

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Pure-play (virtual organizations)

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-All dimensions are digital Example: Purchasing e-books from an online store

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Use of Internet technology and e-commerce to deliver information about public services to citizens, business partners, and suppliers

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E-government Government-to-citizen (G2C) and government-to-business (G2B)

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E-commerce conducted in a wireless environment

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Mobile commerce (m-commerce)

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Online direct marketing

answer

Manufacturers or retailers sell directly to customers

question

Businesses request quotes from suppliers

answer

Electronic tendering system

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Customers decide how much they are willing to pay; an intermediator tried to match a provider

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Name-your-own-price

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Customers specify a need; an intermediary compares providers and shows the lowest price. Customers must accept offer in a short time or may lose the deal

answer

Find-the-best-price

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Vendor asks partners to place logos on partner's site. If customer's click on logo, go to vendor's site, and buy, then vendor's pay commissions to partners.

answer

Affiliate marketing

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Receivers send information about your product to their friends

answer

Viral marketing

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Customers use the Internet to self-configure products or services. Sellers then price them and fulfill them quickly (build-to-order)

answer

Product customization

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Transactions are conducted efficiently (more information to buyers and sellers, lower transaction costs) in electronic marketplaces

answer

Electronic marketplaces and exchanges

question

Bartering online

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Intermediary administers online exchange of surplus products and or company receives "points" for its contribution, and the points can be used to purchase other needed items

question

Electronic catalogs

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-Backbone of most e-commerce sites -Include product database, directory, search and presentation capabilities

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Electronic auctions

answer

Auctions can be conducted from the seller's site, the buyer's site, or a third party's site

question

Forward auctions

answer

Sellers place items at sites for auction and buyers bid continuously for them

question

Reverse auctions

answer

-Buyers post a request for quotation (RFQ) with information on the desired purchase -Suppliers study the RFQ and submit bids electronically

question

A set of long-range goals describing IT infrastructure and identifying IT initiatives needed to reach the goals.

answer

IT strategic plan

question

Steering committee

answer

helps develop and implement the IT strategic plan

question

Conducting the Cost-Benefit Analysis (Four common approaches):

answer

1. Net present value 2.Return on investment 3. Break-even analysis 4. Business case approach

question

80/20 rule (lease application)

answer

If the software meets 80% of the needs, the company should consider changing its business processes so it can utilize the remaining 20%

question

An agent or a vendor who assembles the software needed by enterprises and packages the software with services such as development, operations, and maintenance

answer

Application service provider (ASP)

question

A method of delivering software in which a vendor hosts the applications and provides them as a service to customers over the Internet

answer

Software-as-a-service (SaaS)

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Organizations obtain a license to implement an open-source software product and either use it as is, customize it, or develop applications with it

answer

Use open-source software

question

Acquiring IT applications from outside contractors or external organizations

answer

outsourcing

question

Relocate these operations to other countries

answer

Offshoring

question

Systems development life cycle (SDLC)

answer

The traditional method used by organizations to develop large-scale IT projects

question

determines whether the company can develop and/or acquire the system

answer

Technical feasibility

question

determines whether the project investment is worth the financial risks

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Economic feasibility

question

addresses the human issues of the systems development project

answer

Behavioral feasibility

question

Adding system requirements after the project has been initiated

answer

Scope creep

question

Translating the design specifications into computer code

answer

Programming

question

Checking to see if the computer code will produce the expected and desired results and to detect errors in the computer code

answer

Testing

question

Checking to see if the computer code will produce the expected and desired results and to detect errors in the computer code

answer

Testing

question

Checking to see if the computer code will produce the expected and desired results and to detect errors in the computer code

answer

Testing

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