The Hijras of India Essay Example

examples are given to show how hijras perceive and classify themselves within the community. While it is true that some hijras join the group after experiencing homosexual desires during adolescence, others reserve the term homosexual for individuals who earn a living through engaging in homosexual behavior.

The term transsexual refers to a psychological change in gender, transitioning from either male to female or from female to male. In the book Neither Man Nor Woman, hijras argue that their transformation is distinct from traditional transsexualism as they go from being a man to a hijra. The book cites Serena's observation that transsexualism reinforces cultural beliefs in the gender binary.

For a hijra, the term transsexual is not applicable and they are rather considered an alternative gender: the third gender recognized by the entire population. The husband plays a significant role in this regard, regardless of occasional ridicule. In the event of the birth of a new male child, hijras have more influence over couples to demonstrate fertility in terms of male offspring. Hijras have crucial roles in traditional ceremonies, such as both births and wedding ceremonies.

The hijra's relations with Indian goddesses give them power and authority over couples, although they might face mockery because not all Indians respect their community. However, fear is always present due to mythology that depicts the hijra's control over the fertility of newcomers. These rituals and traditions also serve as a significant source of income, allowing them to receive goods and money. This economic aspect is one of their main modes of living.

Prostitution is another crucial economic resource that the Hijra community considers significant. It is worth noting that prostitution for Hijra is

a means of secure income for their families, chosen when rituals and dance alone do not provide sufficient means for a better livelihood. Although the population generally holds a negative view of prostitution, Sushila, a prostitute Hijra, argues that it is preferable to begging on the streets for alms as it is not considered a cultural tradition in places like Bombay.

Gurus, who are admired for their wisdom, intellectual capacity, and strong sense of respect and responsibility, hold a form of power and authority among the Hijra community, similar to that of a manager. Other Hijra individuals work under a guru and earn a portion of their income from prostitution and contributing to ritual dances. Nanda emphasizes that being a guru requires specific skills, such as initiative, assertiveness, financial management, and a willingness to exploit others' labor. In conclusion, understanding these aspects provides insight into how a community, which differs greatly from Western society, is viewed and respected by others. Hijras are seen as the "third sex" and play an important role in Indian society through their participation in rituals. Engaging in prostitution is also a means for many hijras to create economic security for their families. For the most powerful among them, becoming a guru symbolizes the power, control, and authority that exist within the community.