SPCH COMM CH 12 – Flashcards
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Audiences tend to listen more carefully during the ____________ of a speech.
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beginning and ending
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A(n) __________ asks audience members to actively imagine something.
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hypothetical example
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Marsha is a talented speaker and she has developed a level of comfort with speaking such that she is able to compose her speaking notes on napkins while drinking her morning coffee. During an hour-long speech she gave recently, Marsha felt confident in her points but noticed her audience's attention waning after her introduction. Which of the following options should Marsha have written to distribute to her audience in addition to her speaking notes?
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Formal outline
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"It's clear that overfishing is a serious threat to the black cod population in our waters," Marshawn said in the introduction of his recent speech about sustainable black cod fishing, "but what are our alternatives?" Remembering the functions of transitions mentioned in Chapter 12, Marshawn's transitional question suggests ____________.
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an internal preview
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Which of the following techniques is an instance of supporting a point with statistics?
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Incorporating relevant data, either through concrete images or citation
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a climax pattern?
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A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest
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A(n) __________ gives your audience a literal explanation for key terms in your speech and can be especially helpful if those terms are unfamiliar to your audience or are being used in an unusual way.
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definition
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In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a humorous note by telling a brief story about his encounter with a man at a bus stop earlier that week. Gabriel then explained how this meeting was related to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's story was an instance of using a(n) ____________ to support a point in a speech.
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anecdote
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech based on chronology.
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time
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Which of the following techniques is an instance of supporting a point with an anecdote?
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Telling a relevant story about a personal experience
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Alan Monroe's Motivated Sequence is an example of which speech organizing pattern?
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Problem-solution
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A(n) ____________ outline uses a consistent format and set of symbols to identify the structure of ideas.
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formal
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A(n) __________ is a brief personal story used to illustrate or support a point in a speech.
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anecdote
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by describing an unsatisfactory state of affairs and then proposing a plan to remedy the problem.
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problem-solution
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Jan spent several hours last night writing and formatting a presentable outline to accompany her presentation at today's meeting. She printed a copy for herself, but now that she's standing in front of her coworkers at the meeting, she realizes that she's not sure how to fill in the gaps between points on her outline. Which of the following options should Jan have written in addition to the presentable outline?
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Keyword outline
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A(n) __________ asks audience members to actively imagine something.
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hypothetical example
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In her recent speech on the potential economic consequences of Detroit's bankruptcy filing, Emily followed her introduction by describing the problems faced by several suburban areas near the city, moving west to east in order of the areas' positions around Detroit on a map, and finishing with a description of the consequences for the city itself. Based on the descriptions of speech organizing patterns in Chapter 12, Emily's speech seems to have been organized in a ____________ pattern.
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space
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A(n) ____________ outline is a construction tool used to map out your speech.
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working
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Which of the following techniques is an instance of supporting a point with an example?
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Mentioning a specific instance that reflects your larger point
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"Disastrous oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico, though damaging, aren't the most common danger to wildlife in the Mississippi River Delta," Sedrick said in a recent speech about dangers faced by wildlife in the Mississippi River Delta. Remembering the functions of transitions mentioned in Chapter 12, Sedrick's transition indicates ____________.
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how a subpoint relates to the main point
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Many teachers suggest that your ____________ should have just enough information listed to jog your memory but not enough to get lost in.
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speaking notes
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In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a provocative note by sharing a story about a debate he had with a store manager earlier that week when he had tried to return a defective coffeemaker. After telling the story, Gabriel compared several aspects of this exchange to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's explanation for how his story was related to the union's recent disputes was an instance of using a(n) ____________ to support a point in a speech.
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analogy
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a time pattern?
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An examination of attitudes toward a subject at different points in hist
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Which of the following is a primary function of a bibliographic citation?
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To enable others to find your source if they choose
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Which of the following techniques is an instance of supporting a point with testimony?
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Referring to a relevant quotation from a highly credible mathematician
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a topic pattern?
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A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups
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Many teachers suggest that your ____________ should have just enough information listed to jog your memory but not enough to get lost in.
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speaking notes
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a wave pattern?
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An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point
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In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a serious note by telling a story about a news article he read that described a man protesting his working conditions. The man, Gabriel said, had encountered difficulties in his workplace that were similar to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's use of the man who was protesting his working conditions was an instance of using a(n) __________ to support a point in a speech.
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example
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A(n) __________ is an extended comparison that can be used as supporting material in a speech.
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analogy
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In a speech, __________ prove(s) a point by citing an authoritative source.
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testimony
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Which of the following options is considered to be the ideal number of main points in a formal outline?
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3 to 5
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Which of the following options is considered to be the ideal number of subpoints for each main point in an outline?
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3 to 5
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by arranging points according to logical types or categories.
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topic
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A __________ pattern organizes a speech by incorporating repetitions and variations of themes and ideas.
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wave
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a topic pattern?
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A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by arranging points according to their physical location.
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space
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by describing an unsatisfactory state of affairs and then proposing a plan to remedy the problem.
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problem-solution
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In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a serious note by telling a story about a news article he read that described a man protesting his working conditions. The man, Gabriel said, had encountered difficulties in his workplace that were similar to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's use of the man who was protesting his working conditions was an instance of using a(n) __________ to support a point in a speech.
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example
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A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by building ideas to the point of maximum interest or tension.
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climax
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The inverted pyramid, an organizational format that puts the most important ideas in the first few paragraphs, was developed in the field of ____________.
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journalism
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a cause-and-effect pattern?
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An explanation of the results of a scientific experiment
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Marsha is a talented speaker and she has developed a level of comfort with speaking such that she is able to compose her speaking notes on napkins while drinking her morning coffee. During an hour-long speech she gave recently, Marsha felt confident in her points but noticed her audience's attention waning after her introduction. Which of the following options should Marsha have written to distribute to her audience in addition to her speaking notes?
answer
Formal outline
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Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a wave pattern?
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An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point
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Which kind of outline is meant to be written informally because its contents are subject to change?
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Working outline
