question

Sara notices a lump on her side. She goes to her physician because she is worried that it is cancer. The physician sends her for a biopsy. During the three weeks between first noticing the lump and getting her results that it is not cancer, Sara was almost unable to function. She felt constant anxiety and thought constantly about having cancer. After she found out that she did not have cancer, Sara felt much better. Sara

answer

Has no mental disorder

question

Felicia has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, purging type. We should expect that she

answer

experiences electrolyte imbalances and mineral deficiencies.

question

Which of the following is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia?

answer

The use of laxatives

question

Studies of the brains of individuals with DID

answer

Support the assertion that DID is a real disorder.

question

When it comes to comparing one's actual body image with the ideal body,

answer

d. young women are more likely to be dissatisfied than young men.

question

Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both

answer

a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder.

question

Comfort food

answer

b. may help reduce activation in the stress response system.

question

The most effective treatment to date for somatization disorder

answer

c. decreases healthcare expenditures.

question

After bariatric surgery,

answer

d. some patients regain their weight, but most lose a great deal of weight.

question

Which of the following was once viewed as form of "hysteria"?

answer

a. Conversion disorder

question

Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis differ because

answer

d. in somatization disorder, people are concerned about multiple different physical symptoms, in hypochondriasis, people are concerned about having an organic disease.

question

Gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity as a shoe salesman. He suffers from

answer

a. dissociative fugue.

question

What cyclical pathway can develop that eventually leads to obesity?

answer

c. A child eats because of feelings of depression and low self-esteem, gains weight, is rejected by peers, binges, and continues to gain weight.

question

Which of the following is the strongest predictor of a person developing bulimic symptoms?

answer

d. The amount of critical comments family members made about the person's appearance

question

Response prevention has been used in the treatment of both

answer

d. hypochondriasis and obsessive compulsive disorder.

question

Why are family attitudes about obesity important?

answer

c. Because the consequences are likely to remain with us

question

Binge-eating disorder

answer

b. has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome.

question

Leptin

answer

a. is a hormone that usually leads to decreased food intake.

question

Which of the following do those with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have in common?

answer

a. Fear of being or becoming fat

question

Which of the following disorders was once the most frequently diagnosed disorder among soldiers in World War I?

answer

b. Conversion disorder

question

What is one reason why the prevalence of DID has been increasing?

answer

d. It may be that the prevalence of DID has not changed at all, but that clinicians may unknowingly encourage the emergence of new identities.

question

What is the link between dieting and eating disorders?

answer

a. Dieting is a risk factor for both anorexia and bulimia.

question

Which of the following is most commonly found in families of girls with anorexia?

answer

b. Parents who emphasize rules, control, and good physical appearance.

question

Recent estimates suggest that about 50 percent of those with DID have

answer

c. over ten identities.

question

Which of the following best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today than it was historically?

answer

d. Advances in the medical field have made patients more sophisticated about medical and psychological disorders.

question

Which of the following complicates the study of personality traits and eating disorders?

answer

b. Personality may be altered by malnourishment.

question

What is the prognosis for anorexia nervosa?

answer

a. Relapse rates are high, but recovery can often happen in the long run.

question

Rates of eating disorders tend to be much lower in black women than in white women. However, one factor that can increase risk in black women is

answer

b. assimilation into white culture and middle class values.

question

Jeremy suffers from psychogenic amnesia. He probably

answer

d. seems quite normal other than for his amnesia.

question

Consciously faking symptoms is characteristic of

answer

a. malingering.

question

Following the rejection of his latest novel, Jim experienced an inability to make some movements with his right hand. While he was unable to write, he could scratch and make other simple motions with his affected hand. Two weeks later he was able to write again. What is unique about Jim's case of conversion disorder?

answer

b. Jim is male, and most people with this disorder are women.

question

After learning of her father's death, Sophia felt dazed and confused but still retained her sense of self. When speaking of her response to the news, she said she felt like she was in a movie watching the events happening to her. Despite this strange feeling, she understood what was happening and did the things that she needed to do. What can be said of Sophia's response to her father's death?

answer

b. She experienced an instance of derealization.

question

The influence of television on the attitudes toward eating in Fiji demonstrate that

answer

b. environmental factors can alter societal attitudes such that the risk of developing eating disorders is increased.

question

Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders?

answer

d. Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome.

question

Family therapy for anorexia appears to be most effective when it is used to treat

answer

a. adolescents.

question

Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID?

answer

b. They are quite common.

question

An example of dissociative trance disorder is

answer

d. a person who believes he or she is at times possessed by a spirit and is extremely upset because of this.

question

All of the following are associated with DID except

answer

c. psychosis.

question

Which of the following best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today than it was historically?

answer

d. Advances in the medical field have made patients more sophisticated about medical and psychological disorders.

question

The text presented the case of Mary Kendall, who suffered from dissociative identity disorder. She is typical of individuals with this disorder in that

answer

a. she has periods of "lost time."

question

The German man, in the study mentioned in the text, who had dissociative fugue, denied that he could speak German. However, he learned German-English word pairs much faster than control words. This supports that

answer

a. mainly episodic memory is lost, implicit memory stays intact.

question

People with body dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that

answer

a. both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but don't feel relief when they get it.

question

People with hypochondriasis, like people with obsessive-compulsive disorder, have intrusive thoughts that cause them anxiety. The major difference is

answer

c. in hypochondriasis, the thoughts are seen as appropriate and reasonable, in obsessive-compulsive disorder the intrusive thoughts are seen as inappropriate and alien.

question

The disorder involving the experience of sudden loss of the sense of self is

answer

a. depersonalization disorder.

question

Which of the following is most commonly true of the host identity in DID?

answer

d. It is not the original identity.

question

Experimental studies of DID find that interpersonality amnesia exists for

answer

b. explicit memories.

question

Assuming a new identity in a new place is characteristic of

answer

c. dissociative fugue.

question

Why has the term "multiple personality disorder" been replaced with "dissociative identity disorder"?

answer

c. Fully developed personalities are not present in DID, just varying expressions of different aspects of the patient's personality.

question

Dysfunctional assumptions about symptoms and diseases are a component of a cognitive-behavioral explanation of

answer

a. hypochondriasis.

question

Sociocognitive theory

answer

a. explains why symptoms of DID are often not seen until after treatment is initiated.

question

A lack of concern about a physical disability is characteristic of individuals with

answer

a. conversion disorder.

question

In soap operas, characters often forget their past experience following some trauma. They don't merely forget the traumatic event, they forget who they are, where they came from - they lose almost all memory of their lives. They then move to a new place and start a new identity. This would best be described as an instance of

answer

b. dissociative fugue.

question

When it comes to the effectiveness of treatment for dissociative disorders, we know

answer

a. very little.

question

Which of the following statements about the role of genetics as a risk factor for eating disorders is true?

answer

d. Although the findings to date are mixed, the evidence does indicate that a susceptibility to eating disorders may be inherited along with a diathesis for other psychological conditions.

question

What is unique about binge-eating disorder (BED) as compared to the eating disorders currently found in the DSM?

answer

b. The gender difference in its prevalence is minimal.

question

After bariatric surgery,

answer

d. some patients regain their weight, but most lose a great deal of weight.

question

Which statement best describes trends in actual and ideal weight in American young women?

answer

b. While the weight of the average woman is increasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is decreasing.

question

In her mid-thirties, Cheryl became preoccupied with her weight and began dieting and exercising. After losing a substantial amount of weight, she was still not happy with how she looked and continued to restrict her food intake. After several fainting spells resulting from her low calorie intake, her employer referred her to a clinician who recognized the signs of anorexia nervosa. Which of the following is unique about Cheryl's case?

answer

a. Eating disorders rarely start during the mid-thirties.

question

Which of the following statements about obesity and health is true?

answer

a. The heavier the person, the greater the health risks.

question

Grehlin

answer

d. is a hormone that is an appetite stimulator.

question

What neurotransmitter seems to be involved in both eating disorders and depression?

answer

b. Serotonin

question

A lack of body distortions among the Amish

answer

d. suggests that there should be a low prevalence of eating disorders among these peoples.

question

Raquel has occasions when she eats enormous amounts of food in a short time. Afterwards, she will refuse to eat anything solid for a couple of days. Her weight fluctuates but is normal. Her most likely diagnosis is

answer

d. bulimia nervosa, nonpurging type.

question

Which of the following appears to be an enduring personality trait of people who are susceptible to developing an eating disorder?

answer

b. Perfectionism

question

Which of the following complicates the study of personality traits and eating disorders?

answer

b. Personality may be altered by malnourishment.

question

The mindset of people with bulimia and people with anorexia

answer

d. is very different - people with anorexia don't seem bothered by other people's opinion (usually distress) about them and people with bulimia are very concerned and will do their best to hide their disorder.

question

In which of the following countries are at least one-third of adults obese?

answer

d. United States

question

All of the following are reasons for the effectiveness of antidepressants in the treatment of bulimia nervosa EXCEPT

answer

b. decreased appetite.

question

Families of people with anorexia

answer

c. exhibit tendencies towards perfectionism.

question

Which of the following accounts for more morbidity and mortality than all eating disorders combined?

answer

d. obesity

question

What is the most serious challenge in treating eating disorders?

answer

d. Overcoming the patient's ambivalence toward treatment

question

Andrea has anorexia nervosa, restricting type. Which of the following behaviors would you expect her to have?

answer

b. Cutting up her food into little pieces when she eats

question

Lanugo

answer

a. is a soft hair that grows on the body of people with anorexia.

question

Which of the following best explains the lack of well-controlled studies on the effectiveness of treatment for anorexia nervosa?

answer

d. Few people with anorexia are willing to seek treatment, and they are likely to drop out prematurely from treatment.

question

The mindset of people with bulimia and people with anorexia

answer

d. is very different - people with anorexia don't seem bothered by other people's opinion (usually distress) about them and people with bulimia are very concerned and will do their best to hide their disorder.

question

Which of the following statements about the prevalence of eating disorders in the 20th century is true?

answer

a. While the incidence of anorexia has been increasing, the incidence of bulimia seems to be declining.

question

Our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders

answer

d. suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice.

question

Binge-eating disorder

answer

d. involves binges comparable to those in bulimia but without any inappropriate "compensatory" behavior to limit weight gain.

question

If Ronald is typical of people with hypochondriasis, he will

answer

a. avoid accepting a psychological explanation for his problems.

question

Which of the following was once viewed as form of "hysteria"?

answer

a. Conversion disorder

question

Behavior activation treatment

answer

d. emphasizes activity and involvement in interpersonal relationships.

question

Ryan has diabetes but has no trouble functioning. One day, his wife informs him that she is leaving him. Ryan suddenly develops terrible pain in his back, to the point he is unable to get out of bed. His wife agrees to stay for "a while" to take care of him. Ryan probably has

answer

b. pain disorder associated with psychological factors.

question

The most common kind of speech-related conversion reaction is

answer

b. aphonia

question

Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as

answer

b. multiple personality disorder.

question

Somatization disorder

answer

a. involves multiple symptoms of at least four different types.

question

If Ronald is typical of people with hypochondriasis, he will

answer

a. avoid accepting a psychological explanation for his problems.

question

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for eating disorders in men?

answer

d. Painting

question

Gastric bypass surgery makes it

answer

d. impossible to binge eat but still possible to regain weight.

question

Which of the following best explains the current trend in the prevalence of obesity?

answer

c. The adoption of unhealthy life styles

question

One of the reasons it is difficult to know if a disruption in the serotonin system causes eating disorders is

answer

b. people with eating disorders often have depression as well.

question

Dan's various medical complaints and hospital stays finally led him to a psychiatrist. After a thorough medical and psychological evaluation, the twenty-eight-year-old teacher and father of two was diagnosed with both depression and somatization disorder. What is atypical about this case summary?

answer

b. Somatization disorder is seen much more commonly in women.

question

Why has there been little systematic research conducted on dissociative amnesia and fugue?

answer

d. These conditions are too rare to permit more extensive study.

question

A recent in-depth study by Lewis and colleagues of 12 convicted murderers diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder looked into their backgrounds. The study found strong evidence that

answer

c. each was severely abused, both physically and sexually.

question

The inability to learn new information is known as

answer

a. anterograde amnesia.

question

Which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory?

answer

a. Implicit memory is generally intact.

question

Recent estimates suggest that about 50 percent of those with DID have

answer

c. over ten identities.

question

Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID?

answer

b. They are quite common.

question

Octavia has been diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder (DID). She has seventeen different "alters," which are strikingly different from her host personality. Some of her alters are not full personalities, but fragments and memories. Some of the alters are children. What aspect of this case is unusual?

answer

d. No aspect of this case is unusual.

question

After her dentist commented on the damage her practice of vomiting had caused to her teeth, Hilda realized that she had a problem. After seeing a psychiatrist, Hilda was diagnosed with anorexia, binge-eating/purging sub-type. Due to the severity of her condition, her doctor suggested that she be hospitalized. Hilda immediately entered an inpatient treatment program and embraced all aspects of the treatment regimen. What is unique about Hilda's case?

answer

c. Hilda's lack of ambivalence about treatment.

question

Internalizing the "thin ideal" is strongly associated with

answer

b. negative affect.

question

Research suggests that ________ provides the best immediate and long-term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia nervosa.

answer

d. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

The text presented the case of Nicole, a college student with bulimia nervosa. She is typical of such individuals because she

answer

c. experienced shame, guilt, and self-deprecation.

question

Which of the following is likely to put whites at higher risk of developing an eating disorder than non-whites?

answer

a. Body dissatisfaction

question

Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk for obesity?

answer

d. Low parental education

question

Which of the following is a controversial aspect of the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa?

answer

c. Amenorrhea

question

Why is family therapy currently being investigated as a treatment for anorexia?

answer

b. Healthier family relationships have been found to affect treatment outcome.

question

Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both

answer

a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder.

question

What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder?

answer

a. Staying physically active despite the pain.

question

Sociocognitive theory

answer

a. explains why symptoms of DID are often not seen until after treatment is initiated.

question

The disorder involving the experience of sudden loss of the sense of self is

answer

a. depersonalization disorder.

question

Compulsive checking behaviors are characteristic of individuals with

answer

a. body dysmorphic disorder.

question

Studies of the brains of individuals with DID

answer

b. support the assertion that DID is a real disorder.

question

Binge-eating disorder

answer

b. has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome.

question

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be addressed in the treatment of binge-eating disorder?

answer

d. Idealization of low body weight

question

Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis are similar in that

answer

c. both pay more attention to bodily sensations and see them as symptoms.

question

Which of the following accounts for more morbidity and mortality than all eating disorders combined?

answer

d. obesity

question

John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely:

answer

b. John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick.

question

The treatment goal for most therapists who treat dissociative identity disorder is

answer

c. integration of the alter personalities.

question

Research on hypochondriasis has shown that people with the disorder tend to

answer

b. overestimate the dangerousness of diseases.

question

Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders?

answer

d. Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome.

question

Which of the following statements about the role of genetics as a risk factor for eating disorders is true?

answer

d. Although the findings to date are mixed, the evidence does indicate that a susceptibility to eating disorders may be inherited along with a diathesis for other psychological conditions.

question

Why has there been little systematic research conducted on dissociative amnesia and fugue?

answer

d. These conditions are too rare to permit more extensive study.

question

What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder?

answer

a. Staying physically active despite the pain.

question

Octavia has been diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder (DID). She has seventeen different "alters," which are strikingly different from her host personality. Some of her alters are not full personalities, but fragments and memories. Some of the alters are children. What aspect of this case is unusual?

answer

d. No aspect of this case is unusual.

question

The text presented the case of Mary Kendall, who suffered from dissociative identity disorder. She is typical of individuals with this disorder in that

answer

a. she has periods of "lost time."

question

Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both

answer

a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder.

question

Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID?

answer

b. They are quite common.

question

Which of the following appears to be an enduring personality trait of people who are susceptible to developing an eating disorder?

answer

b. Perfectionism

question

The inability to learn new information is known as

answer

a. anterograde amnesia.

question

An example of dissociative trance disorder is

answer

d. a person who believes he or she is at times possessed by a spirit and is extremely upset because of this.

question

In soap operas, characters often forget their past experience following some trauma. They don't merely forget the traumatic event, they forget who they are, where they came from - they lose almost all memory of their lives. They then move to a new place and start a new identity. This would best be described as an instance of

answer

b. dissociative fugue.

question

Research suggests that ________ provides the best immediate and long-term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia nervosa.

answer

d. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely:

answer

b. John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick.

question

The text presented the case of Nicole, a college student with bulimia nervosa. She is typical of such individuals because she

answer

c. experienced shame, guilt, and self-deprecation.

question

Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders?

answer

d. Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome.

question

In which of the following countries are at least one-third of adults obese?

answer

d. United States

question

Our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders

answer

d. suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice.

question

Binge-eating disorder

answer

b. has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome.

question

Why is the timeframe of 6 months important in diagnosing pain disorder?

answer

a. It determines whether the symptoms are acute or chronic

question

In what way was Freud's view of conversion disorder consistent with behavioral theories?

answer

c. He believed that the symptoms of conversion disorder were maintained by the relief from anxiety they provided.

question

Orlistat, which works by interfering with the absorption of fat,

answer

c. works modestly well for obesity.

question

Cindy is 5 ' 6" tall and weighs 92 pounds. She is very concerned about her weight. However, at times she finds herself eating large amounts of food - several boxes of cookies, gallons of ice cream, entire cakes - all in an evening. Afterwards, she makes herself throw up. Cindy's most likely diagnosis is

answer

b. anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type.

question

Someone who binges and purges and is severely underweight is diagnosed as anorexic, not bulimic. This is because

answer

c. anorexia has a much higher death rate than bulimia.

question

In order to make a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, the client must

answer

b. not meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa.

question

How do you distinguish between the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, purging type?

answer

d. People with the bulimic type are normal weight, people with the anorexic type are underweight.

question

Which of the following is a potential consequence of anorexia nervosa?

answer

d. Death of a spouse

question

People with body dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that

answer

a. both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but don't feel relief when they get it.

question

Individuals with somatoform disorders

answer

c. believe that their symptoms are real and serious.

question

Ghrelin

answer

d. is a hormone that is an appetite stimulator.

question

When a person experiences psychogenic amnesia, only one portion of memory is usually affected. Which?

answer

d. Episodic memory (the events we have experienced)

question

Ginger suffers from anorexia. She is often angry and irritable. These feelings

answer

a. may be the result of her starving herself.

question

According to set-point theory

answer

b. hunger serves to maintain the body at its established set-point.

question

Which of the following complicates the study of personality traits and eating disorders?

answer

b. Personality may be altered by malnourishment.

question

Evan is terrified because he is convinced that he has a terminal heart condition. He has consulted with several physicians about it who have found no evidence of any heart disease. Interestingly, Evan continues to feel terrified even when the doctors find no physical problem. His diagnosis is probably

answer

c. hypochondriasis.

question

Why are family attitudes about obesity important?

answer

c. Because the consequences are likely to remain with us

question

A person with two or more well-developed identities has the disorder called

answer

c. dissociative identity disorder.

question

Which of the following summarizes the post-traumatic theory for the origin of DID?

answer

c. Children deal with severe abuse by creating alters who provide an "escape."

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