World Geography Chapter 2 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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weather
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the condition of the bottom layer of the earth's atmosphere in one place over a short period of time
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climate
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the weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a long period of time
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rotation
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the movement of the earth spinning on its axis
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revolution
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one complete orbit around the sun
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solstices
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days when the sun appears directly over head at the Tropics of Capricorn (winter) and Cancer (summer); December 21 and June 21
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equinoxes
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the days the sun is directly over the equator at noon; March 21 and September 23
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precipitation
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all forms of water that fall from the atmosphere to the earth's surface
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fronts
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air masses
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continental climates
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cold, snowy winters and warm or hot summers
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troposphere
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the layer of the atmosphere closest to land
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photosynthesis
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process by which plants use carbon dioxide to make their food, giving out oxygen
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clouds
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masses of tiny particles of water and dust floating in the atmosphere
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ozone layer
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band of ozone gas that absorbs the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays
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ecosystem
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interaction of plants, animals, and physical environment
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biome
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major types of ecosystems that can be found around the world
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deciduous
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trees that shed leaves during a season; dominant in middle latitudes
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coniferous
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trees that have cones protecting their seeds
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chaparral
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type of plants including small evergreen trees and low bushes
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savanna
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huge tropical grassland
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herbivores
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plant-eating animals
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carnivores
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meat-eating animals
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prairies
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temperate grasslands of North America
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tundra
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region with cool or cold temperatures and specialized plants
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permafrost
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layer of soil just below surface that is always frozen
