Understand Child And Young Person Development Argumentative Essay Example

and imaginative abilities. Additionally, language usage improves problem-solving capabilities and decision-making skills. According to Burnham and Baker (2010), physical development plays a vital role in the comprehensive development of children and adolescents. This encompasses the refinement of both gross motor skills and fine motor skills. Physical development empowers children to achieve independence.

Gross Motor Skills are the development of whole-body movement, such as sitting up, crawling, and walking, which occur rapidly in the early years of a child's life. (Source: Walker, 2009, p. 61-62) On the other hand, Fine Motor Skills involve the movements made by the fingers and are connected to vision, referred to as "hand-to-eye coordination." During the first three years of a child's life, they experience rapid growth and development. A newborn already possesses various reflexes.

• Rooting reflex – to root for milk Swallowing and Sucking reflex – for feeding
• Grasp reflex – Automatically hold on to things placed in their hands Fig 3 Grasp Source: Newbornbabyzone. com, 2012[accessed 10. 03. 2012]
• Startle reflex – holds arms out and clenches fists
• Walking and standing reflex – Move legs as if to walk when held in a standing position

As infants grow and develop, their body movements become more controlled. By the age of one, they can crawl, sit, and some may even begin independently taking their first steps.

From the age of 2, children will demonstrate better hand control and start to hold objects, clap, wave, and point. By age 3, they will acquire the skill of gripping a pencil correctly. They will also become more confident in their walking

and running abilities, as well as explore bigger toys like bikes with stabilizers or tricycles. Furthermore, they will begin to feed themselves independently and drink from a cup without any trouble. Between ages 3-7, children undergo enhanced physical development that enhances coordination and boosts self-confidence.

During the nursery stage, children acquire new skills such as drawing, cutting, and writing their names. Between 7 and 12 years old, they refine these abilities while also experiencing physical growth. Their motor control improves for both small and large movements. Girls may start displaying signs of puberty around age 10. From ages 12 to 16, young individuals develop strength and boys go through the changes associated with puberty like a deepening voice and other physical transformations.
Between ages 6 and 19, individuals transition into adulthood. Girls/women generally complete physical development by age 18 while boys/men may continue changing until their twenties.
Stimulating babies from birth is crucial for their communication and language development as they grow older. Around one year old, babies begin uttering their first words such as "mama" or "dada". By age two, they learn to combine words and may have a vocabulary of up to 200 words.

During the ages of 2 and 3, children begin using plurals and negatives, even if their grammar is not always correct. For example, they might say "I threw it," to which you can respond with "you threw it did you?" This gentle correction helps them improve their speech without directly pointing out their mistakes. From ages 3 to 7, children start incorporating past and future tenses into their language. They become more confident in speaking and start asking questions about various

things. Between ages 7 and 19, a child or young person becomes fluent in speaking. This stage is also characterized by cognitive and intellectual development.

The mental growth of children is influenced by their cognitive development, which encompasses information processing, thinking, and learning. This development varies among children, as some may encounter difficulties with specific tasks. In the age range of 0-3 years, infants start observing their environment and engaging in repetitive games. They also grasp the concept that objects can be hidden but still exist.

By 12 months, children will comprehend basic instructions. By 2 years, they will understand the concept of cause and effect. Around 3 years, they will begin asking questions and constantly inquire about the reasons behind things. From 3 to 7 years old, children will develop writing and math skills. They will learn how to read and may seek validation from adults. By the age of 3, they will recognize colors and count up to 10. By age 5, their cognitive abilities and memory will improve.

Children will enjoy reading and develop word recognition skills through their books. By the age of 7, they will also be able to do calculations and possess strong reading and writing abilities. During the ages of 7-11, children may start to be influenced by adults and develop preferences for specific activities and lessons in school. They will begin to think independently and have personal preferences. From 12-16 years old, children will have a clear understanding of their preferred school subjects and those they dislike.

During adolescence, teenagers tend to excel in activities they find enjoyable, as their interest motivates them to put in

more effort. Additionally, they may have a desire to feel good about themselves and fit in. The age range of 16-19 is particularly critical for these young individuals as they must decide on their future paths after leaving school. They can either stick with previous choices or opt for a different path altogether. Some might feel unprepared to make the right decisions at this stage and may choose to take a gap year for further contemplation.

The formation of Social, Emotional, Behavioural, and Moral Development encompasses the interpersonal connections children and young individuals forge with others along with their own self-perception. It entails grasping appropriate conduct and possessing empathy towards others. During infancy to three years of age, children initiate the development of their identities and establish attachments with their parents or caregivers. Ineffective communication and frustration may give rise to tantrums during this stage.

They may also exhibit frustration and anger if they are unable to fulfill their desires. During this stage, children will begin to assert their independence and take on tasks independently. As they begin attending nursery, they will start making friends. Between the ages of 3-7, children will develop an imaginative play style, such as engaging in role play. It is crucial for them to comprehend certain boundaries and their significance. Additionally, they will take pleasure in assuming responsibilities at school, such as keeping a specific area of the classroom tidy. During the -12 years stage, young individuals establish stable friendships and require more autonomy in carrying out activities, although they still need encouragement and support. They may purposefully engage in arguments with friends or parents/carers to explore the limits of

these relationships. Furthermore, they begin to understand the reasons behind rules. From ages 12-16, this developmental stage may prove challenging for some adolescents due to physical changes associated with puberty and potential self-esteem issues.

Despite craving independence, adolescents in the 16-19 age range still need guidance from their parents or caregivers. Although they may feel like grown-ups, their behavior can oscillate between being mature and childlike. Furthermore, they still lack certain skills necessary to handle various situations. At this stage, young individuals may seek advice regarding their career path and rely on adults for guidance. At the age of 16, they are faced with the choice of attending college or 6th form to pursue A levels. Regardless of their decision, they must learn to adjust to new environments.