The Art of Public Speaking Midterm Chapters 1-8, 18-19 – Flashcards
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Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include:
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Organizing thoughts logically Tailoring message to audience Telling story for maximum impact Adapting to feedback
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1. When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra __________ , a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.
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Adrenaline
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2. According to your textbook, rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should aim at transforming it into
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Positive Nervousness
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What is a recommend way to deal with stage fright?
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Acquire experience Prepare, prepare, prepare Think positively Use power of visualization Know that most nervousness is not visible Don't expect perfection
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What are recommend ways to deal with nervousness in your speeches?
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Acquire experience Prepare, prepare, prepare Think positively Use power of visualization Know that most nervousness is not visible Don't expect perfection
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One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is?
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Visualization
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Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly
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30 to 60 seconds of a presentation
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Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavy __________ responsibilities.
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Ethical
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As a public speaker, you face ethical issues when
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every stage of the public speaking process
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In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against
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Ethical Standards
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Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?
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Make ethically sound goals Be fully prepared Be honest Avoid name-calling, abusive language Put principles into practice
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Even when we are listening carefully, we usually grasp only about __________ percent of what we hear.
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50%
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When business managers are asked to list the communication skills most crucial to their job, they usually rank __________ number one.
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Listening
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According to your textbook, effective listening skills are important for
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get your ideas and information
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Sarah is listening to her roommate to provide emotional support in a time of distress. According to your textbook, Sarah is engaged in __________ listening.
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Emphatic
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Fletcher is listening for pleasure as a friend discusses her trip to Australia. According to your textbook, Fletcher is engaged in __________ listening.
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Appreciative
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Julia is listening to her meteorology professor explain how to interpret images from Doppler radar. Because Julia's goal is to understand the information being presented, she is engaged in __________ listening.
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Comprehensive
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According to your textbook, when you listen to evaluate a speaker's message for purposes of accepting it or rejecting it, what kind of listening is involved?
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Critical
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Giving excessive attention to the details of a speech is an example of
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Poor Listening
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The four major causes of poor listening discussed in your textbook?
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Not concentrating Listening too hard Jumping to conclusions Focusing on delivery, personal appearance
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According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is
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students try to cover too much
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When is it appropriate when using humor in a public speech?
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pokes fun at ourselves universal human foibles
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What does your textbook recommend for developing your first classroom speech?
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Focus speech to fit time limit Develop topic creatively Use colorful, descriptive language Organize your speech into 3 parts
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As explained in your textbook, the three main parts of a speech are called
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Introduction, Body, and Conclusion
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According to your textbook, the first thing a speaker needs to do in the introduction is?
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Gain Attention/Interest
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Which of the following does your textbook recommend that you do in the conclusion of your first speech?
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Signal conclusion Reinforce central idea End on strong note
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According to your textbook, the type of delivery in which you plan your speech in detail and learn it well without trying to memorize the exact wording is called
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Extemporaneous
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What lets the audience know that a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another is called a
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Transition Statement
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According to your textbook, when you prepare speaking notes for your first speech, you should
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Make them to remind you what you need to cover
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As your textbook explains, each main point of your first speech should
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Reinforce Topic
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According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble
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Coming up with Speech Topic
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What are recommend as a methods of brainstorming for a speech topic?
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Personal Inventory Clustering Internet Search
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After choosing a topic, what is the next step of speech preparation?
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General Purpose
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speech to inform?
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convey information clearly accurately interestingly
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When the general purpose of your speech is to __________ , you act primarily as a teacher or lecturer.
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Inform
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The __________ expresses precisely what you hope to accomplish with your speech.
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Specific Purpose
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as a specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about computer technology" is too
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Too Vague or General
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"To inform my audience about the basic steps in car maintenance and how to protect their investment with auto insurance" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a classroom speech because it
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Doesn't Limit Your Purpose Statement to One Distinct Idea
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"To persuade my audience to give blood and to support the Wilderness Society" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a classroom speech because it
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Doesn't Limit Your Purpose Statement to One Distinct Idea
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As your textbook explains, the primary purpose of speechmaking is to
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to gain a desired response from listeners.
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Keeping the audience foremost inmind at every step of speech preparation and presentation.
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Audience-centeredness
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Audience analysis is an important factor in
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demographic audience analysis
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Audience adaptation is an important factor in which of the following steps of the speechmaking process?
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Assess how audience will respond Adjust to make speech clear, convincing
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The process by which a speaker seeks to create a bond with listeners by emphasizing common values, goals, and experiences is referred to as ___________ by communication scholars.
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Identification
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To say that people usually want to hear about things that are meaningful to them is to say that people are
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Egocentric
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The fact that audiences are egocentric means that
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listeners interpret what you say on the basis of what they know and believe.
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The instructor talked about psychographics, what are the two types of audience analysis discussed in your textbook?
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Demographic Situational
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What is a demographic characteristic of a speech audience?
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Age Gender Religion Sexual Orientation Racial,ethnic, cultural background Group Membership
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Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people or assuming that all members of the group are alike is called
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Stereotyping
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The__________ is the key to finding information in the library.
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catalogue
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The library catalogue
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Listing of all books, periodicals, other resources owned by library
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Encyclopedias, yearbooks, biographical aids, and quotation books are all examples of
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Reference Works
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Newspaper and periodical databases
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Example of Databases
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A(n) __________ is a research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of scholarly journals.
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Academic Database
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A(n) __________ is a summary of a magazine or research article, written by someone other than the original author.
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Abstract
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According to your textbook, when is it appropriate to cite an abstract of a magazine or journal article in your speech rather than locating and reading the full article?
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Never
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According to your textbook, you can make a Google search more precise by
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Search Strategy
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According to your textbook, Wikipedia is
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Good place to start learning about topic
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As your textbook explains, one advantage of Wikipedia is that
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its major articles are followed by anextensive set of additional resources.
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What are ways to enhance the effectiveness of your examples?
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Brief Extended Hypothetical
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Examples are especially helpful as supporting materials because they
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ideas become specific, personal, and lively.
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Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are combined with __________ that show(s) the examples to be typical.
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Statistics
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According to your textbook, a(n) __________ is an imaginary story that makes a general point.
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Hypothetical Example
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Statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called "the average"?
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Mean
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What is the mean in the following set of numbers: 100, 300, 500, 500, 600?
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400
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What is the median in the following set of numbers: 200, 300, 500, 600, 600?
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500
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What is the mode in the following set of numbers: 300, 400, 400, 600, 800?
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400
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Median
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Lowest to highest, middle
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Mode
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number occurs most frequent
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To give statistics greater impact, a speaker should
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Use statistics sparingly
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One main purpose of a speech of introduction is to
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Build enthusiasm for the speaker
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Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a guideline for a speech of introduction?
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Be Brief; remarks accurate; adapt remarks for audience;create sense of anticipation and drama
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As your textbook explains, when you give a speech of introduction, you should be sure to adapt your remarks to the
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Occasion, Speaker, Audience
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One method recommended in your textbook for creating a sense of drama and anticipation in a speech of introduction is to
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Be creative and introduce speaker in new light
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According to your textbook, the main purpose of a speech of presentation is to present
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to give a person award, gift, or public recognition
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When giving a speech of presentation, you should usually
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Explain reward Praise Competitors
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According to your textbook, a speech in which an individual gives thanks for a gift or award is termed a(n)
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Acceptance
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According to your textbook, in a speech of acceptance a speaker should usually
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Brevity, humilty, and graciousness
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According to your textbook, when your fundamental purpose in a speech is to inspire the audience, you are most likely presenting a(n) __________ speech.
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Commerative
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As your textbook explains, when giving a commemorative speech, a speaker should take care to
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Use eloquent use of language
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As explained in your textbook, one of the defining traits of a small group is that
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members of the group assemble for a specific purpose.
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As explained in your textbook, a group member to whom other members defer because of his or her rank or expertise is called a(n)
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Implied
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The person who assumes a leadership role in a small group because of her or his ability, personality, or talkativeness is termed a(n)
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Emergent
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82. According to your textbook, a small group that meets for only one session should almost always have a(n) __________ leader.
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Designated Leader
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According to your textbook, what are the three kinds of leadership needs faced by all problem-solving small groups?
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Procedural needs; task needs; maintenance needs
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According to your textbook, what are task needs of a problem-solving small group?
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Collectiong information; analyzing the issues facing the group; distributing workload; solicitating views
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As your textbook explains, by helping group members deal with interpersonal conflict a leader helps the group fulfill __________ needs.
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Maintenance
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Which of the following is a maintenance need of a problem-solving small group?
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Members suportive of one another; members feel satisfied with group accomplishments; members feel good about their roles in group.
