Western Civilization Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Western Civilization?

Western civilization is one of the most influential and powerful civilizations in history. It has been responsible for many of the world’s major developments, from large-scale agricultural advances to political revolutions, scientific breakthroughs, and more. Western civilization began in ancient Greece and Rome where it developed its roots in philosophy, literature, art, politics, science, engineering and more. The Greeks were the first to develop democracy as a form of government while also putting emphasis on individual rights such as freedom of speech and thought. They set the foundations for logic and rational thought with their advanced mathematics systems which are still widely used today. Further advancements occurred during the Roman Empire when they expanded their own version of democracy by introducing representative forms of governance along with various civil services that helped improve public life across Europe. During the Middle Ages much progress was made in terms of medicine through works like those written by Galen and Hippocrates who laid out theories about human anatomy based on observations rather than superstition or religion. This period also saw great improvements in technological fields such as architecture which allowed for larger buildings to be built using new methods like arches instead of just basic rectangular structures like before. Meanwhile religion played an important role during this time both as a unifying force but also a source for cultural conflict between different denominations within Christianity such as Catholics vs Protestants. This foundation was later built upon during The Renaissance period when focus shifted away from religious matters towards artistic pursuits including painting sculpture music drama poetry etc all done with greater detail utilizing new tools techniques materials etc This era also saw further development within sciences especially astronomy with Nicolaus Copernicus heliocentric model proving that Earth revolved around Sun not other way around This marked beginning modern science leading into Age Enlightenment where reason became basis knowledge exploration continued advances technology revolutionized transportation communication industry agriculture .