Holy Roman Empire Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Holy Roman Empire?

The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Central Europe that existed from 962 to 1806. It was one of the largest political entities in European history, consisting of present-day Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic and parts of Italy, France and Poland. At its peak it included over 20 million subjects spread across an area three times the size of modern Germany.The Holy Roman Empire is sometimes referred to as the First Reich or Holy Roman Empire of The German Nation. This is because it began with Charlemagne’s coronation by Pope Leo III on December 25th 800 A.D., making him Emperor of All Romans (Imperator Romanorum). After his death in 814 AD his heirs attempted to keep this title intact but were unsuccessful until Otto I (the Great) was crowned emperor in 962 AD by Pope John XII at Rome.Otto I inaugurated what became known as the Ottonian Dynasty which lasted until 1024 when Emperor Henry II died without an heir. This marked the start of centuries long struggles between emperors and German princes for control over the empire’s lands and titles.