question

true or false: the carnegie report of 1929 stated that the responsibility for control over collegiate athletics rested with the coaches of the teams

answer

false

question

true or false: in 1876, north america's first professional league, the national league, was organized

answer

true

question

the usoc (us olympic committee) is an example of...

answer

a national organizing committee

question

the founder of the modern olympic games in 1894 was...

answer

baron pierre de coubertin

question

the federations of governing sports throughout the world

answer

national governing bodies

question

for a sport to be included on the summer olympic program, it must be practiced by:

answer

men in at least 75 countries on 4 continents women in at least 40 countries on 3 continents

question

the organizing committee for the olympic games (ocog) is responsible for:

answer

planning implementing staging the olympic games in a host city

question

true or false: leagues derive the bulk of their revenues from gate receipts

answer

false

question

IOC members must speak one of the six languages spoken at IOC sessions. what are they

answer

english, spanish, french, german, russian, arabic

question

term used to describe a team's ability to relocate

answer

franchise free agency

question

the olympic motto, "citius, altius, fortius" translates to...

answer

swifter, higher, stronger

question

john montgomery ward founded the first baseball players union in 1890 to fight what practices by baseball team owners

answer

a. salary caps b. baseball's reserve system c. baseball's practice of selling players receiving a share of profits

question

what is the only sports league to ban corporate ownership

answer

nfl

question

strikes are much more disruptive in pro sports than in mainstream business because

answer

players have unique talents and cannot be replaced with temporary replacement workers

question

the privileges granted to owners that come with team ownership

answer

franchise rights

question

the response to an impasse in labor negotiations is usually..

answer

a lockout or strike

question

collective bargaining agreement covers..

answer

wages, hours, terms and conditions of employment

question

method for leagues to establish themselves in a manner that avoids antitrust liability and creates centralized fiscal control

answer

the labor exemption

question

sport law was first documented as a formally recognized specialty:

answer

1972, boston college law school's professor robert berry offered a course entitled regulation of the professional sport industry

question

law used to protect against ambush marketing

answer

the lanham act

question

female coaches whose salaries are not equal to those of their male counterparts have filed ____ lawsuits

answer

equal pay act

question

first intercollegiate athletic contest

answer

crew race between harvard and yale

question

first intercollegiate athletic contest was held in what time period

answer

mid 1800s

question

what % of NBA television revenues and merchandise sales come from foreign markets

answer

40%

question

the initial collegiate athletic contests were

answer

student-run events

question

the "power" schools during initial collegiate contests were the

answer

ivy league schools

question

according to Much and Gotto, what are the 2 most important factors in determining a franchise's value?

answer

the degree of league revenue sharing and stability of a league's labor situation

question

although the nfl bans corporate ownership, it has made an exemption for what team?

answer

green bay packers

question

what league first created the position of commissioner to govern the best interests of the sport?

answer

nba

question

concept introduced by pete rozelle that owners needed to do what was best for the league as opposed to their individual franchise..

answer

"league think"

question

the intercollegiate football assoc. was formed to regulate

answer

playing and eligibility rules

question

first intercollegiate athletic coach was

answer

a physical therapist hired to introduce a training program

question

original name of the NCAA

answer

intercollegiate athletic association of the united states

question

what was the prevailing reason in college football late 1800s and early 1900s

answer

the # of injuries and deaths occurring

question

this university president was a pioneer at the time of the century in reforming college football and the # of deaths and injuries that were occurring...

answer

president maccracken of new york university

question

true or false: the ncaa refers to student-athletes from other countries as non-resident aliens

answer

true

question

the contract governing the collective trust of the owners in professional sport

answer

collective bargaining

question

equal protection applies to discrimination on the basis of

answer

1. race, religion, and national origin 2. gender 3. such areas as physical or mental disability, sexual orientation, socioeconomic background, or athletic team membership

question

a tort that allows a plaintiff to sue a superior for the negligent acts of a subordinate

answer

vicarious liability

question

a waiver violates public policy if..

answer

1. it pertains to a service important to the public 2. the parties are not of equal bargaining power 3. there is an employer -employee relationship between the parties entering the waiver contract 4. it attempts to preclude liability for extreme forms of conduct, such as gross negligence or intentional acts

question

used as a mechanism to influence competitive balance; with this, a payroll threshold is set prior to a season and teams that exceed this threshold pay based on the excess amount

answer

luxury tax

question

in spectator sports, stadium construction projects are often financed with ___

answer

bonds

question

what is the term given to the amount of their own money owners have invested in the firm

answer

equity

question

the average player salary in the nba is now approximately

answer

$5.8 million

question

leagues such as the nfl, nba, and mlb, all maintain "credit facilities" because...

answer

the leagues can borrow less expensively than can individual teams

question

where revenue sharing may be effective as a tool to improve competitive balance is when it is used in conjunction with a ________

answer

hard salary cap

question

the philosophy behind a "hard" salary cap is to...

answer

constraint all franchises to spend the same amount on payroll

question

increased revenue in spectator sports has come from

answer

gate receipts, broadcast contracts, stadium naming rights

question

the increase in ticket prices in all leagues in recent years reflects...

answer

consumer's increased affluence and the growing popularity of sport

question

in which american major league sport has a rival league not emerged sine ww11

answer

baseball

question

anything that an organization owns that can be used to generate future revenues

answer

assets

question

in a basic sense, the financial success of an organization is ultimately dependent on...

answer

profits

question

the concept of ______ is probably the best measure of an industry's impact

answer

value added

question

total spending across the entire sports industry amounted to approximately _____ in 2012

answer

435 billion

question

the nfl's current tv contract calls for the leage to be paid more than ____ per year

answer

3 billion

question

when a team raises significantly after a winning season, it represents an action consistent with the principles of relationship marketing

answer

false

question

unpredictability is a major disadvantage for sport marketers

answer

false

question

sports marketing includes the marketing of ______, _______, and _______

answer

products, cervices, and entities

question

the sport marketer is able to control their product in a manner similar to a traditional marketer

answer

false

question

beyond teams, recent research suggests that fans may also identify with an array of elements including..

answer

coaches, individual players, smaller subgroups of fans, or with sports in general

question

customer retention activities demonstrating care and concern for the customer following a purchase is considered by marketers as

answer

aftermarketing

question

has the aim of building mutually satisfying long-term relations with key parties- customers, suppliers, distributors- in order to earn and retain their business

answer

relationship marketing

question

personal commitment and emotional involvement customers have with a sport organization

answer

fan identification

question

because a sport marketer has very little control over their core product, it has led entrepreneurs like bill veeck to focus on

answer

product extensions

question

the controllable variables the company puts together to satisfy a target group are referred to as the

answer

marketing mix

question

in 1992, the san jose sharks utilized _____in heavily traveled areas to help gain infor about fan reaction to proposed logo and uniform designs

answer

"pass-by interviews"

question

who founded National League of Profession Baseball Players

answer

William Hulbert

question

first professional sport in united states

answer

harness racing

question

academic association that oversees sport management programs in europe is

answer

EASM

question

sport management structures evolve in response to

answer

broad social change

question

who first discussed the concept of offering sport management programs at colleges and universities

answer

james mason

question

fred corcoran convinced cities to host golf tournaments by telling them the benefits of

answer

profession golfers spending on hotels and restaurants

question

what 2 themes are consistent with this chapter's examination of sport organizations

answer

honesty and inclusion

question

first organized group of professional baseball players was known as the

answer

national association of professional baseball players

question

what baseball industry professional was involved with the initial discussions of developing sport mgnt as an academic field

answer

walter o'malley

question

what year were the first modern olympic games held

answer

1896

question

first sport to use sport management principles in the US

answer

harness racing

question

the organization(s) that approve(s) sport mgnt academic programs is/are

answer

NASSM/NASPE

question

what university had the first sport management academic program

answer

ohio university

question

who is recognized as the architect of the professional golf tournament

answer

fred corcoran

question

sport management originated in thoroughbred racing in the form of

answer

jockey clubs

question

bill veeck believed and operated under the philosophy that fans came to the ballpark to ..

answer

be entertained

question

the emphasized on product extensions and the development of team sport promotional strategy can be attributed to...

answer

bill veeck

question

by turning a parking garage in proximity to the 1996 atlanta olympic village into a mini-nike town, nike was involed in..

answer

ambush marketing

question

first company to capitalize on the term official with regard to a professional sport product was..

answer

spalding

question

earliest evolutionary change in sports broadcasting from factual reporting to sports entertainment was seen within...

answer

ABC'S monday night football broadcast

question

group of consumers to whom a product is marketed is the ..

answer

target markets

question

the marketers job boils down to one action:

answer

creating demand

question

current management theory stresses the concepts of employee involvement, employee empowerment, and _____

answer

managers' concern with the human component of employees

question

in 2011, minorities accounted for approximately _____ of the sport industry workforce while women held approx. ___ managerial positions in the workforce

answer

35.19% 44.2%

question

the functional areas of management that have been used to explain and prepare managers for the various activities they get involved in include..

answer

planning, organizing, leading and evaluating

question

refers to the ability of workers to identify and acknowledge emotions when they occur, and instead of having an immediate emotional response, to take a step back, allowing rational thought to influence their actions

answer

emotional intelligence

question

refers to the encouragement of employees to use their initiative and make decisions within their area of operations

answer

empowerment

question

involves measuring and ensuring progress toward organizational objectives

answer

evaluating

question

"action" part of the management process; process that involves assigning responsibility and accountability for results to employees is_____

answer

delegation

question

proper steps involved in recruiting and selecting the right person for getting the job done include:

answer

1. advertising the position 2. reviewing completed applications 3. choosing qualified people for the interview process 4. checking references 5. selecting the "best fit" person for the job

question

the manager determines what types of jobs need to be performed and who will be responsible for doing these jobs during the _____ function

answer

organizing

question

continuous process that involves establishing organizational mission statements, goals, objectives, tactics, roles, and evaluation

answer

planning

question

role that assesses the needs of their employees an utilize appropriate skills to meet the needs of the employees, all the while also getting the job done

answer

managers

question

changed management thinking to focus on the behavior of people and the human components in the workplace rather than on the scientific approach to performing a task

answer

human relations movement

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