Social Studies: Europe in the Middle Ages – Flashcards
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What is one activity that monks probably did?
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reading and writing
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All of the following are reasons for the fall of Rome except
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all of these contributed to the fall of Rome
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Who built a European empire and was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800?
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Charlemagne
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the Latin word for "Middle Age"
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medieval
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During the middle ages Christianity was spread by monks, missionaries, and conquering armies.
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true
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The Middle Ages refers to a period of time between the 500's and the 1500's.
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true
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The shape and elevation of the land in a region is called its
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topography
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Most people in southern Europe live far from the sea.
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false
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Although Southern Europe is cold and wet, Northern Europe is even colder with snow throughout the year.
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false
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Which of the following describes the climate of far Northern Europe?
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snow throughout the year
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The highest mountains in the Alps have large snowfields and glaciers.
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true
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You would most likely find glaciers in _____________.
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The Alps
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Eurasia is
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the landmass that includes Europe and Asia.
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Europe and Asia are divided by
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The Ural Mountains
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In Europe, the climate and geography influenced, where people lived, what crops could be grown, how people traveled, and where major cities developed.
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true
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Probably the area with the lowest population in Europe is the ___________.
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far north
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As the Church became more involved with political affairs, many devoted themselves to the service of God by staying outside of the clergy. They would become any of the following except
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abbots
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Who played the biggest role in creating the first universities in Europe?
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church leaders
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Which of the following could be said of Bishops and Abbots:
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all of the above
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Where did friars live?
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among the public
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What is a pilgrim?
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a person who journeys to a religious location
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Communities of nuns
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convents
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Clergy members often called upon to advise local rulers in political and social matters were ______ .
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bishops
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Some of the earliest universities were established by the church.
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true
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Roman style was characteristic of European architecture in the 1200s.
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false
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How were the lives of friars different from the lives of monks?
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Friars lived with the general public; monks lived apart in monasteries.
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Feudalism was created by the Franks.
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true
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Worker who was tied to the land
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serf
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Feudalism began to spread to Britain soon after
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William the Conqueror invaded Britain.
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The main duty of a vassal was to
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fight to defend his lord's land.
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What did knights receive in exchange for their pledge of loyalty to a lord?
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a fief
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A large estate owned by a knight or lord
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manor
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The feudal system in Europe led to the development of a new economic system called the _______ system.
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manor
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A small farmer who did not own land
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peasant
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What was unusual about Eleanor of Aquitaine?
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She had great political power.
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The art of Europe and Japan in the middle ages reflect the philosophies and religions of the people.
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true
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Another name for a serf is a ____________.
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both a and b
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The knights of Europe could be compared to the Japanese ___________.
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samurai
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A code of honorable behavior
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chivalry
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Knights are to chivalry what samurai are to ________________.
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Bushido
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A Japanese Haiku has three lines and ten syllables.
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false
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Japanese art of the middle ages was based on ___________themes, while European art was based on _______ themes.
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natural / religious
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What was the most important similarity between knights and samurai?
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They both pledged loyalty to lords.
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The basis of both the Japanese and European feudal systems was ____________.
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land
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Both lords and samurai were looked down upon by the public because of their violence.
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true
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Samurai warriors and European knights both followed codes of behavior that emphasized
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loyalty
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What conclusion can you draw about the connection between religion and feudalism?
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Feudalism could operate in societies with different religions.
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Japanese art reflected beliefs from which of the following philosophies:
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both a and b
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'Pope Leo IX's desire to have more control over the Church led to a permanent split in the Christian Church.
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true
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Cast out from the church
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excommunicate
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In 1073, the fight over who gets to choose bishops was between Pope Gregory VII and King Henry the IV.
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true
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The head of the Christian Church in Europe is called "the Holy Roman Emperor."
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false
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On which point did Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV agree?
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Bishops should be chosen by the leader whose power came from God.
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In the Holy Roman Empire, the leader was _________________.
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elected by nobles and chosen by the Pope
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There were 1000's of kings in Europe, but three held the most power.
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true
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When the church split, which group agreed with the Pope and wanted him to control the whole church?
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Roman Catholic
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During the Middle Ages, responsibilities of the Pope included all of the following except
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maintaining order through alliances as well as warfare.
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The Pope is considered the King's representative.
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false
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During the Middle Ages, power in Europe shifted from nobles to
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kings and popes.
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Those who believed that the Pope should be the ultimate authority created the________ .
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Roman Catholic Church
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The throne was inherited in which kingdom?
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England and France
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The goal of the First Crusade was to
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retake the Holy Land
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Later Crusades failed for all of the following reasons except
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people began to lose faith
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Most of the Crusaders were from England, France, and Germany.
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true
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What was the most important result of the Crusades?
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Trade and exchange of ideas between Europe and Asia increased.
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What was the outcome of the Crusades?
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The Holy Land remained under Muslim control.
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Crusaders were victorious in the First Crusade and retook the city of
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jerusalem
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After the Crusades, which of the following did not occur?
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After the Crusades, which of the following did not occur?
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The term "Crusade" is Latin and means "marked with a __________."
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cross
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Which of the following happened first?
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Pope Urban II called on Christians to fight the Muslim Turks.
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With the success of the First Crusade, Christians retook Jerusalem and _____________.
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both b and c
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If a source is trustworthy and likely to be correct, it is .
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reliable
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Despite the fact that the Black Death was widespread and deadly,
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it was not understood how it started or how it spread.
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Eyewitnesses often have different accounts of events, so historians must
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evaluate each account to discover the truth.
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What is an assumption historians make when they evaluate a source of information?
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They know an expert will provide the most accurate information.
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Today, the most accurate conclusion we have about the Black Death is that it was
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caused by the bacterium yersina pestus.
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Why did many people seek help from priests as the Black Death spread through Europe?
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They believed the plague was punishment.
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How do modern methods help historians investigate the Black Death?
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Modern methods allow the testing of victims' bodies using new technology.
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When the Black Death spread through Europe, its cause was not understood, so
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some groups were blamed and persecuted as a result.
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The text claims bloodletting is a good treatment for the plague and cured some cases. This an example of
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an error that was corrected with new evidence.
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The idea of habeas corpus meant that you could not keep anyone in prison without __________.
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both b and c
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Habeas corpus is a Latin phrase meaning "Great Charter."
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false
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Which is not true of the Magna Carta?
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it required kings to be elected by nobles
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The power of _______ grew as a result of France's victory in the Hundred Years' War.
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Parliament
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Under Magna Carta, everyone except the king had to obey the law.
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false
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What does the right of habeas corpus mean?
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One cannot be jailed without reason.
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The term habeas corpus is Latin for _______________
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you have the body
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The Magna Carta was brought about in 1199 because the nobles hated King Richard.
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false
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What was the purpose of the Spanish Inquisition?
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to punish and kill heretics and non-Christians in Spain
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Christians blamed Jews for the death of Jesus.
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true
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The 1085 victory of Castile lead to the largest _______________ kingdom.
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Spanish
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In 1469 Ferdinand of Castile and Isabella of Aragon married and united the two territories.
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false
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Under the rule of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, the policy of punishment against non-Christians was called the
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inquisition
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The marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand
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united Castile and Aragon.
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Christian rulers persecuted Jews by forcing them to flee their homes.
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true
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People who hold religious ideas that oppose accepted church teachings
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heretics
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The main goal of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand was to
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make all of Spain Christian.
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At the end of the Reconquista, remaining Jews and Muslims were given all of the following choices except
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pay a tax penalty
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Why did nobles make King John sign Magna Carta in 1215?
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They wanted to limit the king's power.
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The Hundred Years War was fought between _____ & ______.
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France & England
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Castile's Spanish kingdom also included the area known today as Portugal.
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true
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Christian kingdoms took control of Spain by driving out the ______ .
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moors
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Christians faced repeated discrimination by the Jews.
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false
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Whose rule in Spain ended in 1002?
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Muslim Moors'
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The Christians persecuted the Jews because they felt that they Jews were responsible for
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the death of Jesus
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