Prentice Hall Brief Review: The Living Environment 2019
ISBN: 9781418292164
Textbook solutions
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Section 2.2: Feedback and Homeostasis
Exercise 42
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The answer is 1. Plants need to intake carbon dioxide because this is one of the reactants used in photosynthesis to be able to produce sugar as well as oxygen for us to breathe in.
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1
Exercise 43
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The answer is 1. The process of negative feedback is the process wherein effectors are the ones that are responsible for returning conditions to normal. The discrepancy from the setpoint is corrected by moving in an opposite or negative direction.
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1
Exercise 44
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The answer is 4. Dynamic equilibrium is like homeostasis or steady state but has minor changing conditions and still remain balanced. In dynamic equilibrium, even though there are changes, the change is not major enough to cause an imbalance.
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4
Exercise 45
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The answer is 4. Insulin prevent glucose from accumulating and preventing it from being undigested. Insuline promotes the elimination and the digestion of glucose in order to maintain homeostasis.
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4
Exercise 46
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The answer is 3. We can in the graph the lung O2 and CO2 both have the lowest gas exchange and this may be due to the environmental changes like the inability to adapt easily or the possibility of sudden environmental changes which affect gas exchange.
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3
Exercise 47
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The answer is 1. The excretion of the hormone is first mediated by the signal coming from the nervous system. This was a result of the loud noise which triggered the brain to release signals to the endocrine system.
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1
Exercise 48
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The answer is 1. Coordination is a series of events which lead to a certain change or reaction. By this systematic process, all organs are associated with one another performing a same function.
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1
Exercise 49
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A person’s blood sugar level increases after eating a meal that contains carbohydrates. This is due to the process of glycolysis wherein it occurs during the fed state. During the fed state, glucose is broken down into smaller pieces.
Exercise 50
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Insulin prevent glucose from accumulating and preventing it from being undigested. Insuline promotes the elimination and the digestion of glucose in order to maintain homeostasis.
Exercise 51
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During a meal, a person would produce high blood glucose levels. This is to aid in the breakdown of food. a normal person would show increasing levels while person B would show an abnormal result which is insufficient to breakdown food.
Exercise 52
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Sweating is a defense mechanism used to cool down our body aggravated by elevated body temperature and dehydration. It is also important for the regulation of body temperature.
Exercise 53
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The homeostatic control system includes receptors, a control center, and effectors. The process of negative feedback is the process wherein effectors are the ones that are responsible for returning conditions to normal. The discrepancy from the setpoint is corrected by moving in an opposite or negative direction.
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Negative feedback is a “safeguard” to limit the amount of a certain hormone from being released. For example, ADH (antidiuretic hormone) release is inhibited if there is too much water in the body. If too much ADH is in the system and too much fluid, the cells will swell and might burst leading to dysfunction and cell death.
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Negative feedback mechanism in humans
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