Report of the effects of the channel of communication Essay Example

helping outsourcing companies surpass competitors and maintain a competitive edge. The text underscores the significance of effective communication in achieving objectives and remaining competitive, describing research methodology analysis including ethical considerations such as clarifying what should or shouldn't be done when studying ethical issues in research. According to Sunderland University (2007:52-53), two categories of ethical issues are identified - suitability for study and obligations to clients. The text emphasizes the importance of ethical considerations in different research types, such as genetic technology in life sciences, data protection in banking, and patent rights.The text examines the ethical responsibilities researchers have towards their clients and the importance of protecting participants' rights during data processing. According to Sunderland University (2007:55), it is crucial to study concepts such as privacy, data protection, access to information, anonymity, confidentiality, and data protection under the Data Protection Act of 1998. Engaging participants in research without their consent or involvement is considered unethical. Researchers should be cautious about sharing client information and prioritize group or section data rather than individual participant names. Participants must be informed about who can access their information or research findings. When conducting research, considering the method of evidence collection (questionnaires, experiments, interviews, or observation) and maintaining honesty and trust for evidence integrity are essential (Sunderland University 2007:54). The text discusses ethical concerns regarding potential compromise of data accuracy through manipulation. It identifies three main issues: grounds integrity, honesty and trustworthiness, and effective communication for relationship-building purposes. The significance of basing research on logical reasoning and factual data while ensuring confidentiality is highlighted. Cliford Ehrlich proposes four principles to establish effective working relationships for companies that include developing strong

communication links and a collaborative work environment.The text highlights the growing trend of employers communicating with employees to keep them informed about various aspects of the business. This communication plays a crucial role in motivating employees, enhancing performance, and maintaining competitiveness. According to Bevan and Bailey (1991), employee communication involves sharing information, fostering commitment, and managing change within organizations.

Charlton (1990) argues that having employee communication plans is essential for company success as they involve sharing corporate goals and other information with employees. Employee communication has become an important management responsibility (Bevan and Bailey, p.26). Smith (1991) suggests that the purpose of employee communication is not only to share information but also to promote understanding, resolve conflicts, and motivate positive actions (p.18).

Furthermore, Bevan and Bailey (1991) emphasize that traditional forms of internal communication like memos, newsletters, and flyers have been replaced by electronic tools such as computers and telephones. Downward communication, where managers directly communicate with employees, is an important channel. This includes employee handbooks for sharing organization history, goals, products/services, and operational methods.

Additionally, briefings from senior managers keep junior managers informed while annual reports provide financial information such as sales data revenue details or product information.Various methods can be used to share information at a low cost, such as booklets or notice boards. In-house diaries provide information about the company and its departments, while newsletters inform junior directors to relay important information to their staff. Personal letters are sent to home addresses for effective communication. Team meetings or staff meetings analyze daily work and plan future tasks.

Upward communication allows employees to express opinions and views that employers value. Regular group discussions aim to solve quality

and performance-related problems, resulting in improved quality, competitiveness, and savings. Joint monitoring commissions conduct regular reviews of the workplace, training facilities, health and safety records to foster employee awareness.

Communication is crucial in implementing administrative changes, both theoretical and practical. Senior management communicates with employees through conferences and seminars to ensure everyone is informed about forthcoming changes that will affect them. Suggestion schemes provide another significant communication channel where employees can contribute ideas regarding cost-cutting measures, working culture enhancements, and productivity improvements.

Employee communication aims to answer the question "what's my job?" so that employees feel valued as members of the administration who understand their contribution towards company success.Effective communication is essential for successful organizational change (Robertson et al., 1993). According to Robertson et al., an organization's ability to change individual behavior relies on communication. When employee tasks are involved in the change effort or strategy, it is crucial to communicate with them for success. Communication also plays a vital role in companies outsourcing their work. Multiple authors have discussed the importance of communication in outsourcing implementation and have provided best practices for effective communication that leads to successful outsourcing. Inadequate communication has resulted in the failure of many companies worldwide when aiming to outsource their work. To remain competitive in the ever-changing economy, many organizations consider downsizing, leading to outsourcing as a popular method for achieving a leaner and more efficient organization (Rajabzadeh, Rostamy & Hosseini, 2008). Cost savings are typically the primary objective when multinational organizations outsource their work (Prasad & Shekhar, 2008). The significance of effective communication for successful outsourcing is widely acknowledged (Prasad, 2007).Communication should occur between various entities including: (a) the outsourcing

company and the supplier company, (B) the outsourcing company and the project team responsible for planning and implementing the outsourcing initiative, (c) the outsourcing company and employees who may lose their jobs, (d)the outsourcing company and employees who may remain with the organization as "survivors" (Prasad & Prasad, 2007),and(e)theoutsourcingcompanyandother relevant stakeholders.

Embleton and Wright (1998) argue that outsourcing is a natural progression of today's competitive industry, driven by an economic climate focused on cost savings and increased profitability.They emphasize that intranets have proven to be effective communication channels over the past decade.

According to Murgolo-Poore, Pitt, and Ewing (2002), intranets enable more effective communication and collaboration, with great potential as management mechanisms in increasingly disconnected and global organizations. A study conducted by Murgolo-Poore et al. in 2003 highlights the importance of effective intranets for circulating corporate intelligence.

In today's world, many multinational companies choose to use intranets along with email and face-to-face meetings for faster communication.

Research methodology refers to the technique used to conduct research and can be done through various methods: inductive and deductive.The inductive method, which is preferred by researchers, is based on experience rather than scientific observations and offers flexibility compared to the deductive theory. Researchers often prefer using the inductive methodology because it allows for direct in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of collected information. There are two types of data sources - primary and secondary data. Qualitative primary data involves collecting information through interviews and observations. On the other hand, primary data can be quantitative and collected through questionnaires or surveys. Secondary data collection involves obtaining information from various sources such as newspapers, online databases, government publications, university databases, television, and radio. These sources

may include data from authors, researchers, and field experts.

When collecting data for research purposes, researchers often use integrated research approaches that combine qualitative and quantitative methods. This approach may involve using interviews to complement questionnaires or surveys or vice versa. By using this integrated approach, researchers can enhance the validity and reliability of their findings. There are several techniques available for integrated research including questionnaires or surveys, in-depth interviews, and observations.

Questionnaires are used as a technique to gather data from participants through simple surveys with carefully formulated questions that capture necessary research information.In-depth interviews are a highly regarded method for gathering valuable insights directly from subjects. This approach makes research more practical by obtaining information straight from the source. Interviews can be conducted in various ways, such as in-person, over the phone or video conferences, or through written correspondence.

Observation plays a crucial role in collecting valid and justified data. To ensure accuracy and reliability, researchers often employ multiple methods simultaneously. There are two primary types of observation: direct observation involves physically gathering samples or observing, while participant-observation involves both the researcher and the organization being studied.

For data analysis, researchers generally prefer an integrated approach. They analyze data qualitatively and quantitatively to obtain comprehensive results. Several software options exist for this purpose, including MS EXCEL—a tool specifically designed for easy manipulation and testing of data with just a click. All that is required is a digital scanner and plain paper.

Another software called Answers, developed by the same creators as MS EXCEL, aids in analyzing word-based records. Additionally, there is MS EXCEL database which assists researchers in creating, managing, and analyzing semi-structured qualitative databases online at an

affordable price. Due to its excellent accuracy and availability online at an affordable price point, it is preferred for qualitative data analysis.Researchers often utilize software packages from Microsoft and IBM for quantitative data analysis. These packages incorporate advanced techniques such as cluster analysis, predictive modeling, and ordinal regression. Additionally, researchers can use these packages to generate reports for sharing their findings.