Psychology 101 (Ch. 9) Prof. Clarke – Flashcards
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The role of the lateral hypothalamus is
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to trigger the eating response when insulin levels go up
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The level of weight that the body tries to maintain is known as
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the weight set point
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Which hormone secreted by the pancreas signals hunger by lowering blood sugar levels?
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Insulin
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An example of a stimulus motive is
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exploration
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One of the earliest approaches to motivation focused on
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biologically determined patterns of behavior
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In the ________ approach to motivation, behavior is explained in terms of an external stimulus and its rewarding properties
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incentive
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The psychological tension that arises in an organism and motivates the organism to act to reduce the tension is called
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drive
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Sensation seekers
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need more arousal in the form of more complex and varied sensory experiences
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Ryan and Deci's self-determination theory asserts that the three primary human interpersonal needs are competence, relatedness, and
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autonomy
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According to psychologist Carol Dweck, a person's need for achievement is closely linked to that person's
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beliefs about control over his or her life
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The desire to avoid an unpleasant consequence is an example of
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extrinsic motivation
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Darwin proposed that emotions are a product of evolution and are therefore universal. Which of the following supports the idea that emotions are based in biology rather than in learning?
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A child, blind from birth, makes the appropriate facial expression for an emotion without ever having seen it
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How does Lazarus's cognitive-mediational theory differ from the Schachter-Singer cognitive arousal theory?
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Lazarus's theory suggests that we appraise a stimulus first, then cognitively label the emotion, and then feel a physical response.
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Xavier has a strong desire to succeed in attaining goals. He currently has a medical degree and is in the process of earning a law degree. Xavier has a need for
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achievement
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The theory of emotion that proposes that physical arousal and cognitive appraisal of a stimulus happen simultaneously is known as the
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cognitive arousal theory of emotion
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In the classic Schachter-Singer "angry man/happy man" experiment, participants were given a drug to elicit a physical response and then exposed to two different conditions. One group was paired with a confederate pretending to be angry, and the other group with a confederate pretending to be happy. What was the main objective of this experiment?
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to determine whether physical arousal has to be interpreted cognitively before it can be labeled as an emotion
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Which area of the brain has been linked to the processing of positive emotions?
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the left frontal lobe
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Which of the following is an element of emotion?
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physical arousal
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Physiologically, the body responds to emotion with arousal created by the
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sympathetic nervous system
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The theory that feeling an emotion comes first as a physical reaction that leads to a behavioral response is known as the
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common sense theory of emotion
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The theory that we experience emotion first with physical arousal (e.g., increased heart rate, shaky hands), which then leads to awareness of the emotion, is the
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James-Lange theory of emotion
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In order to control emotions, the technique of distraction has been linked to what area of the brain?
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anterior cingulate cortex
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The ________ is an adaptation of Charles Darwin's theory that when an emotion is expressed freely on the face, the emotion intensifies
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facial feedback hypothesis
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Physiologically, the body responds to anger with
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higher heart rate and blood pressure
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Learned ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings are known as
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display rules
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Lisa is the lead actor in a tear-jerking play. She spends most of her time on stage "crying." Even though she feels happy and upbeat before the show, she finds that she often feels down after the show. This is an example of which emotional theory?
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facial feedback hypothesis
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Which statement is NOT true about display rules?
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Display rules are innate, not learned
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a person who is high in the need for power (nPow)?
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They tend to be a good team player
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A person who is full but still takes another helping of food at dinner because it tastes so good is eating because
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the taste of the food is the incentive for eating
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Chris is in his twenties and has completed college; he has satisfied his curiosity about other cultures with a trip around the world when he graduated. According to Maslow's hierarchy, which needs might he work to satisfy next?
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aesthetic needs
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The motivation approach in which behavior is explained in terms of the external stimulus and its rewarding properties is the
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incentive approach
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A psychological tension and physical arousal present when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension is a(n)
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drive
