question

The term capacity refers to the maximum quantity an operating unit can process over a given period of time

answer

TRUE

question

Capacity decisions are usually one-time decisions; once they have been made, we know the limits of our operations

answer

FALSE

question

Stating capacity in dollar amounts generally results in a consistent measure of capacity regardless of the actual

answer

false

question

Design capacity refers to the maximum output that can possibly be attained

answer

TRUE

question

If the unit cost to buy something is less than the variable cost to make it, the decision to make or buy is based solely on the fixed costs

answer

FALSE

question

Increasing productivity and also quality will result in increased capacity

answer

TRUE

question

Utilization is defined as the ratio of effective capacity to design capacity

answer

FALSE

question

Increasing capacity just before a bottleneck operation will improve the output of the process

answer

FALSE

question

An example of an external factor that influences effective capacity is government safety regulations

answer

TRUE

question

Cost and competitive priorities reduce effective capacities

answer

FALSE

question

Capacity increases are usually acquired in fairly large "chunks" rather than in smooth increments

answer

TRUE

question

In cost-volume analysis, costs that vary directly with volume of output are referred to as fixed costs because they are a fixed percentage of output levels

answer

FALSE

question

The break-even quantity can be determined by dividing the fixed costs by the difference between the revenue per unit and the variable cost per unit

answer

TRUE

question

According to the reading on restaurant sourcing practices, only fast-food restaurants are able to 'bring in' outsourced foods

answer

FALSE

question

The greater the gap between current and desired capacity the greater the opportunity for profit

answer

FALSE

question

The current trend toward global operations has made capacity decisions much easier since we have the whole world in which to consider operations

answer

FALSE

question

Capacity planning requires an analysis of needs; what kind, how much and when

answer

TRUE

question

Waiting line analysis can be useful for capacity design, especially for service systems

answer

TRUE

question

Capacity decisions often involve a long-term commitment of resources which, when implemented, are difficult or impossible to modify without major added costs

answer

TRUE

question

Outsourcing some production is a means of supporting a constraint

answer

FALSE

question

Continuous processing is the best way to produce customized output

answer

FALSE

question

As a general rule, continuous processing systems produce products for inventory rather than for customer order

answer

TRUE

question

A Job-Shop processing system generally requires less skilled workers than a continuous processing system

answer

FALSE

question

Avoiding bottlenecks is the primary goal of product design

answer

FALSE

question

In general, Job-Shop systems have a lower unit cost than continuous systems do because continuous systems use costly specialized equipment

answer

FALSE

question

A robot consists of three parts: a power supply, a controller, and a mechanical arm

answer

TRUE

question

Continuous production has been a significant factor underpinning the U

answer

S. standard of living over the last century. TRUE

question

Right-sized equipment tends to be larger than equipment used in traditional process layout

answer

FALSE

question

Intermittent processing can take the form of batch processing or a job shop

answer

TRUE

question

The term computer aided manufacturing (CAM) refers primarily to the use of robotics in process control

answer

FALSE

question

Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) bring the benefits of automation to continuous processes

answer

FALSE

question

Repetitive processing systems usually produce goods specifically for customer orders rather than for inventory

answer

FALSE

question

Morale problems can be a reason for redesign of a facility layout

answer

TRUE

question

There are three basic process types - Input, Processing and Output

answer

FALSE

question

A cafeteria line would be an example of a process focused layout

answer

FALSE

question

A possible disadvantage of a product layout is an inflexible system

answer

TRUE

question

Product layouts involve high utilization of labor and equipment

answer

TRUE

question

A manufacturing cell allows the production of a wide-range of very different products

answer

FALSE

question

Product layouts can more easily adapt to variations in product requirements than process layouts can

answer

FALSE

question

Process layouts feature departments or other functional groupings of personnel or equipment

answer

TRUE

question

Information technology refers to competitive data

answer

FALSE

question

A process layout is more susceptible to shutdowns caused by equipment breakdowns than a product layout

answer

FALSE

question

Accounting, purchasing, and inventory control are fairly routine with process layouts

answer

FALSE

question

A disadvantage of a product layout can be high in-process inventory costs

answer

FALSE

question

In cellular manufacturing, machines and equipment are grouped by type (e

answer

g., all grinders are grouped into a cell). FALSE

question

Among the benefits claimed for cellular manufacturing are less material handling and reduced setup time

answer

TRUE

question

Group technology is closely connected to cellular manufacturing

answer

TRUE

question

The percentage of idle time in an assembly line is called cycle time

answer

FALSE

question

Mismatches between operational capabilities and market demand can have a negative impact on an organization

answer

TRUE

question

Service layouts must be visually pleasing as well as functional

answer

TRUE

question

"Balance delay" is another name for the percentage of idle time in a product layout

answer

TRUE

question

"Balance delay" is another name for the percentage of idle time in a process layout

answer

FALSE

question

For a production line, daily capacity can be determined by dividing the daily operating time by the line's cycle time

answer

TRUE

question

The minimum number of workstations for a production line is determined in part by the desired output rate

answer

TRUE

question

The goal of line balancing is to assign tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements

answer

TRUE

question

An idle percentage of zero means a line is perfectly balanced

answer

TRUE

question

None of the approaches to line balancing, manual or computerized, guarantees an optimal solution

answer

TRUE

question

Heuristic approaches to line balancing are the only approach that will guarantee an optimal solution

answer

FALSE

question

The main issue in the design of process layouts concerns the relative positioning of the departments involved

answer

TRUE

question

An advantage of a U-shaped production line is that it facilitates teamwork and flexibility in work assignments

answer

TRUE

question

The goal in line balancing is to obtain a reasonable allocation of work to each station

answer

FALSE

question

Cycle time is the maximum time allowed for each workstation to complete its work on each unit

answer

TRUE

question

The design of service layouts, eg., warehouse and supermarket layouts, focuses on cost minimization and product flow.

answer

FALSE

question

Process layouts allow greater flexibility in processing than product layouts

answer

TRUE

question

Process layouts tend to have low in-process inventories

answer

FALSE

question

Flexibility can be used as a competitive strategy

answer

TRUE

question

Poor layouts are found in both manufacturing and service organizations

answer

TRUE

question

Numerically controlled (N/C) machine and some robots are applications of programmable automation

answer

TRUE

question

Ergonomics is the use of computers and robots in the workplace

answer

FALSE

question

Specialization is one of the sources of disagreement between the efficiency and behavioral approaches to job design

answer

TRUE

question

One disadvantage of specialization is worker dissatisfaction

answer

TRUE

question

The quickest, most effective way to improve an employee's job satisfaction is increase his or her compensation

answer

FALSE

question

Job enrichment involves giving a workers a greater share of the total task which is why they feel enriched

answer

FALSE

question

Trust is a factor influencing productivity

answer

TRUE

question

Many lower level jobs are monotonous and boring

answer

TRUE

question

Job enrichment involves an increase in the level of responsibility for planning and coordinating tasks

answer

TRUE

question

"Self-directed teams" are allowed to make changes in the work processes under their control

answer

TRUE

question

"Self-directed teams" help other work groups make changes to their processes

answer

FALSE

question

Motivation influences quality and productivity, but not the work environment

answer

FALSE

question

One important factor that influences productivity is trust between workers and managers

answer

TRUE

question

Ergonomics is an important part of job design to consider when we automate the system

answer

FALSE

question

One of the potential benefits of "self-directed teams" is higher productivity and greater worker satisfaction

answer

TRUE

question

One of the potential benefits of "self-directed teams" is higher quality

answer

TRUE

question

One potential disadvantage of "self-directed teams" is higher training costs

answer

FALSE

question

Job design relates to people therefore technology has little impact

answer

FALSE

question

Methods analysis cannot be done for new jobs (ones that do not yet exist) since it requires observation of the process

answer

FALSE

question

One therblig is the equivalent of one hour of sustained work by one average person

answer

FALSE

question

A flow process chart is helpful for visualizing the portions of a work cycle during which the operator and equipment are busy or idle

answer

FALSE

question

Predetermined time standards are usually based on observing one very efficient worker performing the task

answer

FALSE

question

Therbligs are basic elemental motions

answer

TRUE

question

We incorporate the average seriousness of accidents by measuring the number of lost-time accidents per million labor-hours worked

answer

FALSE

question

Work measurement concentrates on how long the tasks take to accomplish

answer

TRUE

question

Ergonomics is important for preventing common workplace injuries such as back injuries and repetitive-motion injuries

answer

TRUE

question

The most widely used method of work measurement is work sampling

answer

FALSE

question

For purposes of obtaining good time standards using a stopwatch time study, the analyst should try to avoid having the worker discover he or she is being observed

answer

FALSE

question

One factor in determining how many cycles to time in a time study is the degree of variation that is present in the observed times

answer

TRUE

question

The normal time in time study is obtained by multiplying the observed time by the performance rating

answer

TRUE

question

Studies on worker efficiency and time of day suggest the greatest efficiency is at the end of the day when workers are 'warmed up'

answer

FALSE

question

The normal time for a job is multiplied by the performance rating to obtain the standard time for the job

answer

FALSE

question

The design of work systems, because objective standards are used, avoids most ethical issues

answer

FALSE

question

The standard time for a job can be obtained by multiplying the normal time by an appropriate allowance factor

answer

TRUE

question

Predetermined time standards use historical data from a company's own files

answer

FALSE

question

A performance rating of less than 10 means that the observed worker was judged to be working at a faster than normal rate - doing the job quicker than normal.

answer

FALSE

question

Predetermined time standards involve the use of published data regarding how long various activities are expected to take

answer

TRUE

question

Work sampling can be used to estimate the proportion of time a machine is idle

answer

TRUE

question

Work sampling involves the use of some method of randomizing the observations

answer

TRUE

question

An advantage of work sampling, compared to a stopwatch time study, is that observations are spread out over a period of time in work sampling

answer

TRUE

question

No stopwatch is required in a work sampling study

answer

TRUE

question

Work sampling provides a detailed elemental breakdown of a task for purposes of establishing reliable time standards

answer

FALSE

question

Measured day work refers to an output-based system

answer

FALSE

question

It would be acceptable to use a group incentive plan for an assembly line operation

answer

TRUE

question

Work sampling provides both quick and accurate estimates of activity times

answer

FALSE

question

Methods analysis and motion study techniques do not directly consider behavioral aspects of jobs

answer

TRUE

question

"Time-based systems" compensate employees according to the time the employee has worked and the amount of output they produce

answer

FALSE

question

"Output-based systems" compensate employees according to the amount of output they produce, thereby tying pay directly to performance

answer

TRUE

question

A pay system that rewards workers who undergo training that increases their skills is called a "knowledge-based pay system

answer

" TRUE

question

"Knowledge-based pay systems" pay higher wages or salaries to workers who have completed college than to those who just finished high school

answer

FALSE

question

Increasing compensation is always a way to improve worker satisfaction

answer

FALSE

question

A worker-machine chart can help identify non-productive parts of a process

answer

FALSE

question

A worker-machine chart can be used to determine how many machines an operator can manage

answer

TRUE

question

Micromotion studies should be limited to periodic activities where breakthrough improvements are possible

answer

FALSE

question

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is a regulatory burden that has been proven to have little impact on the safety and welfare of workers

answer

FALSE

question

Management compensation should be based primarily on organizational output

answer

FALSE

question

Many management compensation systems are being revised to reflect increased emphasis on quality and customer service

answer

TRUE

question

Waiting lines occur even in under loaded systems because of variability in service rates and/or arrival rates

answer

TRUE

question

A system has one service facility that can service 10 customers per hour The customers arrive at a variable rate, which averages 6 per hour. Since there is excess capacity, no waiting lines will form.

answer

FALSE

question

The goal of waiting line management is to eliminate customer waiting lines

answer

FALSE

question

The cost of customer waiting is easy to estimate, the number waiting multiplied by the wait cost per minute

answer

FALSE

question

In a theme park like Disney world, reservation systems are a win-lose situation since only those holding reservations are satisfied

answer

FALSE

question

The point that minimizes total queuing system costs is that point where waiting costs and capacity costs are equal

answer

FALSE

question

A multiple channel system assumes that each server will have its own waiting line and line changing is not permitted

answer

FALSE

question

A dental office with two professionals (one dentist, one hygienist) who work together as a team would be an example of a multiple channel system

answer

FALSE

question

A Single Server, Variable Service Time is known as an M/D/1 system

answer

FALSE

question

The most commonly used queuing models assume that the arrival rate can be described by a Poisson distribution

answer

TRUE

question

The goal of queuing analysis is to balance the cost of providing a level of service capacity with the possible loss of business due to customers leaving the line or refusing to wait

answer

FALSE

question

According to Little's Law, the number of people in line depends on the time of day that they arrive

answer

FALSE

question

For a system that has a low utilization ratio, decreasing service capacity slightly will have only negligible effect on customer waiting time

answer

TRUE

question

An approach to reducing the variability in processing times might include greater standardization

answer

TRUE

question

The queuing models discussed in the text apply only to "steady state" conditions Steady state exists only when customers arrive at a steady rate; that is, without any variability.

answer

FALSE

question

In an infinite source model, the average number being served is equal to the ratio of the arrival rate to the service rate

answer

TRUE

question

In an infinite source model, the average time in line is equal to the average number in line divided by the arrival rate

answer

TRUE

question

In an infinite source model, the system utilization is the ratio of the arrival rate to the service capacity

answer

TRUE

question

To reduce the average number waiting in line, it is important to increase utilization

answer

FALSE

question

All infinite source queuing models require the system utilization to be less than 10.

answer

TRUE

question

Queue discipline requires a security presence to maintain order

answer

FALSE

question

Compared to a single channel a system with exponential service time, a single channel system with a constant service time causes a reduction of 50 percent in the average number waiting in line

answer

TRUE

question

Compared to a single channel system with exponential service time, the same system with a constant service time will have an average of one-half the number of customers waiting in the system

answer

FALSE

question

If variation in arrival and service rates can be reduced, waiting lines will be shortened

answer

TRUE

question

The finite-source queuing model is appropriate when the potential calling population is relatively large

answer

FALSE

question

Balking is when customers grow impatient and leave a line

answer

FALSE

question

In a single-channel system, the utilization is equal to the arrival rate divided by the service rate

answer

TRUE

question

The goal of waiting line management is to minimize waiting time

answer

FALSE

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