Outsourcing can be defined as the process of relocating some business functions such as decision rights and factors of production to the outside service providers. The outsourcing company and the service provider sighs the contract which contains rules and regulations. Factors of production involved in outsourcing include resources like people, equipment’s, technology and assets in the business operation. Decision rights entail the power given to service providers to take certain decision on behalf of the firm.
At the present time, multinationals countries such as Nike, general motors, ford and Qwest are rapidly outsourcing their business functions to the third world countries like Kenya, Brazil, and Ghana due to the following reasons (Prasad et al 2005):
- Lowering cost due to availability of cheap labor and the economy scale of the developing country is low.
- Absence of in-house resource.
- Outsourcing companies can focus on their fundamental competency by outsourcing thei
...r non-core business.
- It usually offers access to innovation and believed leadership.
- Increase in its efficiency as outsourcing company only focuses on the core activities by subcontracting non-core activities.
- It also increases its flexibility to handle the transforming business environment by leveraging the bulk of the service providers/cost restructuring.
- It also improves quality and speed to the market.
- Has resulted to conservation of capital which will be used later to develop infrastructure.
- Growth in revenue.
Impact of global stratification to local culture
Globalization influences the local culture negatively. Factors influencing this negativity include:- It marginalizes the less dominant cultures especially in the developing countries because of global publicizing companies which dent cultural diversity.
- Local companies are fringed out of the company due to the competition imposed to them; another critic i
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that the western ideals are imposed on the developing countries through media thus promoting cultural colonialism.
Globalization has positive impacts to the local cultures. It increases the quality of goods consumed due to increased competition and generates employment for them thus improving their living standards (Buckley, & Ghauri, 2004). This has also resulted to an increased investment and capital flows to the host nation.
Globalization has increased the technical know-how and spread of knowledge to the host nation as a result of increased innovations. It has also promoted the spread culture due to mingling of the western countries and developing countries thus increasing civilization. Globalization has also played a significant role in the extension of education due to increased mobilization of people in and out of the country
Impact of global stratification in United States
Globalization has positive impacts in the United States.It has resulted in increased income/gross domestic product to the USA this is a result of multifunctional companies producing at a reduced cost.
It has led to an increase in quality of goods and services to meet consumers demand by both parties since they are facing completion from the local industries. It increases spread of education and culture on the people of the US in the host nation.
Global stratification has resulted to improved speed to the market and time to
focus on the core business and innovation. Moreover, it has decreased environmental degradation since they are outsourcing in the developing countries and lastly, has increased the flow of currency and investment. (Narula & Dunning 2000).
Global stratification has negative impacts. USA has been importing cheaper products as a result of the cheap labor being utilized. The low prices of goods incurred have a major drawback to the GDP being gained by the parent nation. It has also led to unemployment in USA since there is loss of employment positions granted to foreign workers who are willing to work in adverse conditions. All this has resulted to poor trade arrears.
Biggest winner in the situation
The biggest winner in the situation is the Multifunctional organizations. This is because these organizations have great influence on the third world countries .They have also opened up new markets for their products hence US can sell their commodities worldwide thus improving their economy. They have also used cheap labor and resources to produce their goods in a bid to reduce the cost of production (Narula & Dunning 2000).
Conclusion
In conclusion, many multinational companies are using the outsourcing strategy to benefit the most and least benefiting the local cultures.
References
- Buckley, P. J., & Ghauri, P. N. (2004). Globalization, economic geography and the strategy of multinational enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), 81-98.
- Prasad, E., Rogoff, K., Wei, S. J., & Kose, M. A. (2005). Effects of financial globalization on developing countries: some empirical evidence. In India’s and China’s Recent Experience with Reform and Growth (pp. 201-228). Palgrave Macmillan UK.
- Narula, R., & Dunning, J. H. (2000). Industrial development, globalization, and multinational enterprises: new realities
for developing countries. Oxford development studies, 28(2), 141-167.
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