KINS 101 Exam 2 – Flashcards
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The region of the brain that releases hormones that first trigger the stress response is called the A. medulla oblongata. B. temporal lobe. C. cerebellum. D. hypothalamus.
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D.
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Which of the following is considered negative stress? A. distress B. allostasis C. stress response D. eustress
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A.
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Conflict is most likely to occur when we A. have only one option. B. share the same goal with someone else. C. are asked to do something we know is right. D. have to choose between competing motives.
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D.
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Relaxation breathing focuses on which muscles? A. mouth B. abdominal C. chest D. back
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B.
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During the stress response, one of the primary functions of cortisol is to trigger the release of A. insulin. B. glucose. C. endorphins. D. adrenalin.
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B.
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Which of the following would be a likely source of eustress? A. dissatisfaction with your job B. making a bad grade C. entering college D. being diagnosed with a serious illness
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C.
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In severe cases, an individual's response to stress may develop into A. post-traumatic stress disorder. B. an autoimmune disorder. C. Parkinson's disease. D. leukemia.
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A.
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The long-term wear and tear on the body caused by the body's prolonged attempt to maintain equilibrium is known as A. general adaptation syndrome. B. homeostatic balance. C. allostasis. D. allostatic load.
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D.
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An excessive preoccupation with a behavior and an overwhelming need to perform it is defined as A. pessimism. B. denial. C. compulsion. D. addiction.
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C.
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Which of the following is true of quitting smoking? A. Many ex-smokers say they have more energy, sleep better, and feel more alert. B.Mucus that clogs airways is broken up and eliminated within 24 hours of quitting. C. Smoker's breath disappears within 1 week of quitting. D. Tissues damaged by smoking can never repair themselves.
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A.
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If a person quits smoking, his or her risk of heart disease decreases by 50% in approximately A. 5 years. B. 3 years. C. 6 months. D. 1 year.
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D.
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A tranquilizer sometimes known as the "date rape" drug is called A. methamphetamine. B. ecstasy. C. special K. D. Rohypnol.
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D.
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A chronic disease related to smoking in which the alveoli become damaged, and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs decreases, is known as A. pneumonia. B. nicotine poisoning. C. emphysema. D. chronic bronchitis.
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C.
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Effects of nicotine exposure include A. decreased heart rate. B. an aroused alert mental state. C. dilation of blood vessels. D. decreased adrenaline production.
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B.
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An alcohol that is 100 proof contains ________% alcohol. A. 50 B. 150 C. 75 D. 100
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A.
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Problems associated with long-term use of alcohol include A. low blood pressure. B. shrinkage in brain size and weight. C. lean liver. D. decreased cardiac output.
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B.
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Sidestream smoke contains 50 times more ________ than mainstream smoke. A. tar B. ammonia C. carbon monoxide D. nicotine
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B.
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You have learned that your 12-year-old cousin has been sniffing rubber cement to get high. In this situation, the rubber cement may be classified as A. an opiate. B. a designer drug. C. an inhalant. D. an anesthetic.
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C.
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The majority of heart attacks occur in which age group? A. over 65 B. 45-65 C. 40-55 D. 25-40
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A.
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Pressure applied to the walls of the arteries when the heart contracts is known as A. arterial pressure. B. diastolic pressure. C. systolic pressure. D. blood pressure
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C.
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Hardening or stiffening of the arteries as plaque accumulates at injury sites in the inner linings of the arteries is known as A. arterial stenosis. B. myocardial infarction. C. atherosclerosis. D. metabolic syndrome.
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C.
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The best method of evaluating risk from blood cholesterol is to A. measure your daily intake of trans fat. B. examine the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol. C. get an EKG. D. confer with a general practitioner physician.
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B.
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Homocysteine and C-reactive proteins are indicators of A. a person's lifestyle habits. B. hypertension. C. atherosclerosis. D. inflammation of inner linings of artery walls.
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D.
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Heart disease present at birth is known as A. arterial stenosis. B. myocardial infarction. C. congenital heart disease. D. coronary heart disease
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C.
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The heart works harder to transport blood in people who A. are overweight. B. are normal weight. C. store more fat on their hips. D. are underweight.
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A.
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Which of the following is known as "bad cholesterol"? A. MI B. LDL C. HDL D. CVD
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B.
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________ is the leading cause of death in the United States. A. Diabetes B. Cardiovascular disease C. Pneumonia D. Cancer
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B.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in males and females? A. It's the leading cause of death in America for women but not for men. B. It's the leading cause of death in America for both men and women. C. It's not the leading cause of death for men or for women. D. It's the leading cause of death in America for men but not for women.
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B.
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Which of the following is an action you can take to develop better mental skills for stress management? A. worrying constructively B. perceiving life as unchangeable C. taking action quickly D. accepting that there is only one appropriate action
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A.
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Decreasing stress related to performance demands involves A. setting priorities. B. having high expectations. C. pushing yourself harder. D. setting unrealistic deadlines.
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A.
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Physiological damage, reduced immunity, and increased susceptibility to physical or mental illness are characteristic of which stage of general adaptation syndrome? A. alarm B. allostatic C. resistance D.exhaustion
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D.
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A state of stress-induced physical and mental exhaustion is known as A. allostatic load. B. post-traumatic stress disorder. C. burnout. D. overload.
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C.
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The hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in response to stress is called A. norepinephrine. B. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). C. cortisol. D. adrenaline.
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B.
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Which form of tobacco is a small hand-rolled flavored cigarette generally made in India or Southeast Asia? A. bidi B. hookah C. filtered cigarette D. clove cigarette
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A.
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Approximately what percentage of college students report having consumed alcohol in the last 30 days? A. 80 B. 70 C. 90 D. 60
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D.
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Characteristics of addiction include A. high self-esteem. B. denial. C. increased control. D. positive consequences
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B.
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Using a drug for a purpose for which it was not intended is known as A. drug addiction. B. withdrawal. C. drug abuse. D. drug misuse.
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D.
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Addiction is defined as A. the inability to perceive that a behavior is self-destructive. B. engaging in behaviors that give a sense of pleasure. C. involvement in activities to fit in. D. persistent, compulsive dependence on a behavior or substance.
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D.
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A common side effect of designer or "club drugs" is A. fetal alcohol syndrome. B. lung cancer. C. euphoria. D. hallucinations
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D.
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Anabolic steroids are primarily used in an attempt to A. promote muscle growth and strength. B. create intoxicating effects. C. relieve stress. D. produce euphoria.
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A.
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Which of the following factors increases the rate at which your body will absorb alcohol? A. being in a calm mood B. a lower concentration of alcohol in the drink C. having a stomach full of food D. drinking a carbonated alcoholic beverage
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D,
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A planned confrontation with an alcoholic that involves friends, family, and counselors is known as A. a treatment program. B. a support group. C. a detoxification. D. an intervention.
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D.
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A prescription drug used to help break nicotine addiction is called A. a beta-blocker. B. Olestra. C. Oxycontin. D. Zyban.
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D.
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Which of the following is true of hypertension? A. Depression and high alcohol consumption increase the risk for hypertension. B. Increased sodium consumption decreases the risk of hypertension. C. Prevalence of hypertension among people from 20 to 44 years of age is decreasing. D. Hypertension is rare among college students.
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A.
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Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively known as which of the following? A. atherosclerosis B. cardiovascular disease C. arrhythmia D. angina pectoris
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B.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in males and females? A. It's the leading cause of death in America for both men and women. B. It's the leading cause of death in America for men but not for women. C. It's the leading cause of death in America for women but not for men. D. It's not the leading cause of death for men or for women
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A.
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Pressure applied to the walls of the arteries during the heart's relaxation phase is known as A. systolic pressure. B. arterial pressure. C. diastolic pressure. D. blood pressure.
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C.
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Which cost of cardiovascular disease is expected to increase to $276 billion by 2030? A. nursing home care B. hospitalization C. medications D. loss of job productivity
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D.
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Congestive heart failure results in A. an enlarged heart. B. an accumulation of plaque in artery walls. C. infection. D. birth defects
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A.
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Inflammation of the arteries can be caused by A. disease-causing bacteria. B. hot weather. C. increased HDL cholesterol. D. obesity.
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A.
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Which treatment for cancer is most likely to cause nausea, as a result of damage to rapidly dividing digestive-tract cells? A. gene therapy B. surgery C. immunotherapy D. chemotherapy
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D.
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Which of the following statements regarding prostate cancer is true? A. Prostate cancer is typically fast growing in the early stages. B. Rates of prostate cancer are higher in white males than in African American males. C. Low back pain can be a symptom of prostate cancer. D. Prostate cancer typically involves obvious symptoms in its early stages.
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C.
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Cervical cancer is predominantly caused by A. human papillomavirus (HPV). B. estrogen exposure. C. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). D. hepatitis C.
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A.
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The Pap test is the most effective way to detect early stage ________ cancer. A. breast B. ovarian C. cervical D. human papillomavirus (HPV)
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C.
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Radiation exposure that causes cancer can come from A. sunlight. B. non-iodizing radiation. C. natural gas furnace. D. fluorescent lights.
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A.
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The two main types of lymphomas are ________ and ________. A. lymph nodes; lymph vessels B. benign; malignant C. carcinomas; sarcomas D. Hodgkin; non-Hodgkin
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D.
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A potential warning sign of cancer includes A. increased hunger or thirst. B. numbness on one side of the body. C. change in bladder or bowel habits. D. pain in the center of the chest.
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C.
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Leukemia occurs in the A. bone marrow. B. muscle tissue. C. connective tissue. D. brain.
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A.
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A doctor who specializes in cancer treatment is known as A. an oncologist. B. a cardiologist. C. an immunologist. D. an orthopedist.
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A.
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Stress can increase the risk of cancer primarily by A. increasing stress hormones. B. increasing levels of estrogen. C. weakening immunity. D. causing people to smoke
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C.
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Which of the following statements about sarcomas is true? A. Sarcomas grow at the same rate as lymphomas. B. Sarcomas grow faster than carcinomas. C. Sarcomas grow slower than carcinomas. D. Sarcomas are the slowest growing form of cancer.
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B.
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Sue is a 40-year-old female who smokes, frequently uses tanning beds, and drinks 2-3 alcoholic beverages daily. Which of the following statements best indicates her cancer risks? A. She has increased risks for lung and breast cancers. B. She has increased risks for lung and skin cancers. C. She has an increased risk for breast, cervical, and lung cancers. D. She has an increased risk for breast, lung, and skin cancers.
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D.
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The most common classification of cancerous tumors is A. lymphomas. B. carcinomas. C. sarcomas. D. leukemia.
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B.
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Most skin cancer deaths are caused by A. basal cell carcinomas. B. sarcomas. C. malignant melanomas. D. squamous cell carcinomas.
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C.
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A tumor that is non-cancerous is A. benign. B. carcinogenic. C. malignant. D. metastatic.
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A.
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Basal and squamous cell cancers are most likely to appear as which of the following? A. a warty bump on the face B. asymmetrical mole C. a lump in the breast D. small-diameter freckle
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A.
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