Intelligence Testing Article Analysis Essay Example

of intelligence and measure IQ scores. This theory breaks down words into fundamental defining mechanisms, like 'bachelor' being defined as an 'unmarried adult male' with three components. According to Sternberg (2000), intelligence is explained as comprising definitional mechanisms acquired through adaptation to cultural surroundings.In their study, Shirker and Levy (2010) argue that intelligence encompasses reasonable thinking, decisive actions, overcoming challenges, and adapting to different cultures. They also acknowledge the connection between intelligence and cognition as well as cognitive development, which leads to variations in intelligence across cultures. It has been observed that IQ test scores can significantly differ among various cultural groups, with African Americans often scoring lower (p.147). It is crucial to distinguish between intelligence itself and intelligent behavior. Intelligence refers to a psychological process that can enable or limit certain behaviors, which may vary across cultures (Shirker & Levy, 2010). Different cultures have diverse perceptions of what constitutes intelligence; something considered intelligent in one culture may not be regarded the same way in another (Shirker & Levy, 2010). Therefore, it is essential to recognize the differences among cultures; what is seen as intelligent in one culture may be viewed as unintelligent in another and vice versa. Intelligence tests are commonly used to assess an individual's 'Q' by assigning a numerical score. IQ represents the cognitive processes involved in problem-solving and goal achievement, which can differ across cultures (Shirker & Levy, 2010). The Akers test measures IQ scores through a series of tasks/questions completed by individuals (Shirker & Levy, 2010). Various theories exist for measuring IQ scores.The connection between test scores and relevant biological factors across different cultures can be better understood by studying

biological theories (Machete, 2003). The value of intelligence can be determined by breaking down words into fundamental defining mechanisms, as explained in the continental theory (Sternberg, 2000). Different researchers have diverse ideas about the standard behaviors that are used to evaluate the accuracy of an intelligence test (Sternberg, 2000). References on this topic can be found in the works of Machete, G. (2003) and Sternberg, R. J. (2000).