Health Vocabulary Words – Flashcards
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Lifestyle disease
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cause partly by unhealthy behaviors and party by other behaviors
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Risk factor
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anything that increases the likelihood of injury, disease, or other health problems
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Sedentary
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not taking part in physical activity on a regular basis
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Health
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the state of well being in which all of the components of health; physical, emotional, social, mental, spiritual, and envio are in balance
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Value
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strong belief or ideal
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Wellness
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achievement of a person's overall health
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Health literacy
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knowledge of health information needed to make good choices about your health.
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Public health
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practice of protecting and improving the health of people in a community
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Advocate
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to speaks out or argues in favor of something.
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PSA
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created to educate people about an issue.
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Life Skills
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tools for building a health life
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Coping
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dealing with troubles or problems in an effective way.
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Consequence
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results of actions are decisions
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Media
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Public forms of communication
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Resource
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something you can use to help achieve a goal.
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Consumer
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a person who buys products or services.
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Collaborate
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to work together with one or more people.
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Peer pressure
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a feeling that you should do something because that is what your friends want
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Direct pressure
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the pressure that results from someone doing something who tires to convince you to do something you normally would not do.
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Indirect pressure
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the pressure that results from being swayed to do something because people you look up to are doing it.
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Refusal skill
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strategies to avoid doing something you don't want to do.
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Self esteem
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A measure of how much you value, respect, and feel confident of one.
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Self-concept
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A measure of how one views his/herself.
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Integrity
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The Characteristic of doing what is right.
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Passive
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A person who has a communication style that does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured.
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Aggressive
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To be hostile; unfriendly.
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Assertive
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to express oneself in a direct, respectful way.
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Empathy
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the ability to understand another person's feelings or behaviors.
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Mental health
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state of mental-health, which one can cope with the demands of daily life.
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Self-actualization
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achievement of the best a person can be
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Emotion
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feeling that is produces in response to life experiences.
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Defense mechanism
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an unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions.
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Mental disorder
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an illness that affects a person's thoughts and actions.
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Symptom
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change that a person notices in his or her body or mind
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Depression
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sadness and hopelessness that keep a person from carrying out every day actvities.
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Stress
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The body and mind's response to a demand.
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Stressor
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any situation that puts a demand on the body or mind.
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Epinephrine
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One of the hormones that are released by the body in times of stress
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Eustress
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positive stress
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Distress
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Negative stresses that can make a person sick or keep a person from reaching a goal.
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Resiliency
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the ability to recover form an illness, hardship, and or other stresses/
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Asset
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A skill or resource that can help reaches a goal.
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Prioritize
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To arranges items in order of importance.
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Grieve
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To express deep sadness.
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Wake
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A ceremony that is held to allow family and friends to view or watch over the deceased person before the funeral.
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Funeral
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A ceremony in which a deceased person is buried or cremated.
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Memorial Service
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A ceremony to remember the deceased person.
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Suicide
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The act of intentionally taking ones own life.
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Violence
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any physical force that is used to harm people or damage property.
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Tolerance
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the ability to overlook differences and accept who they are
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Bullying
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scaring or controlling another person by using threats or physical force/
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Negotiation
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a bargain or compromise for a peaceful solution to a conflict
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Peer mediation
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a technique in which a trained outsider who is our age helps people in a conflict come to a peaceful resolution
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Neglect
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occurs when a caretaker fails to provide basic needs.
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Abuse
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a physical or emotional harm to someone.
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Domestic violence
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The use of force to control and maintain power over a spouse in the home
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Hazing
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harassing newcomers to a group in an abusive and humiliation way.
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Sexual abuse
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any sexual act without consent
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Incest
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sexual activity between family members who are not husband and wife.
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Sexual harassment
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any unwanted remark, behavior, or touch that has sexual content.
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Sexual assault
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Any sexual activity in which force or threat of force is used.
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Date rape
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sexual intercourse that is forced on a victim by someone the victim knows.
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Physical fitness
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the ability of the body to carry out daily physical activities without getting out of breath, sore, or overly tired.
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Chronic disease
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a disease that develops gradually and continues over a long period of time
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Health related-fitness
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describes qualities that are needed to maintain and promote a healthy body
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RHR
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number of times the heart beats per minute
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Target heart rate zone
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normally between 60 and 85 percent of your maximum heart rate.
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FITT
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formula made up of four important parts of fitness training.
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A
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number of times and exercise is repeated.
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Set
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a set number of repetitions followed by a resting period
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Dehydration
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a state in which the body has lost more water then has been taken in.
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Overtraining
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exceeding of the FITT formula
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Dietary supplement
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any product that is taken by mouth that can contain a dietary ingredient.
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Anabolic steroids
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synthetic versions of the male hormone.
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Sleep deprivation
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lack of sleep
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Circadian rhythm
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the body's internal system for regulating sleeping and waking patterns
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Insomnia
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An inability to sleep even if one is physically exhausted
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Sleep apnea
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A serious sleeping disorder in which there are interruptions in normal breathing patterns during sleep.
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Nutrition
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the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food.
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Nutrients
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substances in food that provide energy or help form tissues
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Carbohydrates
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a class of energy-giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber
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Fats
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a class of energy-giving nutrients
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Proteins
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a class of nutrients made up of amino acids
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Vitamins
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a class of nutrients that contain carbon and are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth.
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Minerals
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are a class of nutrients that are chemical elements that are needed for certain processes.
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Nutrient deficiency
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the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health.
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RDAs
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are the recommended nutrient intakes that will meet the needs of almost all health people
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DVs
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recommended daily amounts of a nutrient that are used on food labels to help people see how a food fits into their diet.
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Food guide pyramid
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a visual tool for planning your diet that divides foods into six food groups
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Nutrient density
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a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the food provides.
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Vegetarian
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a diet in which few or no animal products are eaten.
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Hunger
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the body's physical response to the need for food.
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Appetite
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the desire, rather than the need, to eat certain foods
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BMR
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the minimum amount of energy required to keep the body alive when in a rested and fasting state
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Overweight
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heavy for one's weight
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Obesity
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the state of having excess body fat for one's weight
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Heredity
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passing down of traits from parent to child
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Body composition
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measure of the proportion of body weight that is made up of fat tissue compared to bone and muscle.
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BMI
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an index of weight in relation to height that is used to assess healthy body weight
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Weight management
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program of sensible eating and exercise habits that will help keep your weight a ta healthy level
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Fad diet
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diet that requires major changes in your eating habits.
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Body image
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How you see and feel about your appearance.
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Anorexia nervosa
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eating disorder that involves starvation and low body weight.
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Bulimia nervosa
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an eating disorder in which the individual repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then vomits or uses laxatives.
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Binge eating
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eating of a large amount of food in one sitting
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Purging
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behavior that involves vomiting or misusing laxities to rid the body of food
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Food allergy
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an abnormal response to a food that is triggered by the body's immune system
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Lactose intolerance
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a reduced ability to digest the milk sugar lactose
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Food-borne illness
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an illness caused by eating or drinking a food that contains toxins or diseases
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Cross-contamination
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the transfer of contaminates from one food to another
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Alcohol
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drug found in beer, wine, and liquor that causes intoxication
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Intoxication
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the physical and mental changes produced by drinking alcohol produced my drinking alcohol.
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Drug
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any substance that causes a change in a persons physical or psychological state
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Medicine
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any drug that is used to cure, prevents, or treats an illness.
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Side effect
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any effect that is caused by drug and that is different from the intentional effect
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Prescription
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a written order from a doctor for a specific medicine
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OTC
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medicines that can be bought without a prescription
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Psychoactive
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drugs and medicines that affect the brain and change how we think, or feel.
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Generic medicine
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a medicine that is made by accompany other than the company that developed the original medicine
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Active ingredient
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the chemical component that gives a medicine its action
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Drug interactions
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occur when a drug reacts with another drug, food, or dietary supplement to increase or decrease the effect of one of the substances
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Drug tolerance
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develops after repeated drug use when the user finds that it takes more of a drug to feel the same effect felt when first using the drug.
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BAC
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amount of alcohol in a person's blood.
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Binge Drinking
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the act of drinking 5 or more drinks in one setting
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Cirrhosis
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disease that replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue
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Alcohol abuse
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drinking to much alcohol
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Alcoholism
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a disease that causes a person to lose control of his or her drinking behavior
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Enabling
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helping an addict avoid negative consequences of his or her behavior.
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Codependency
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condition in which a family member or friend sacrifices his or her own needs to meet the needs of an addict.
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FAS
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set of physical or mental defects that affect a fetus that has been exposed to alcohol syndrome
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Designated driver
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A person who chooses not to drink in a social setting so that he or she can safely drive him himself or herself and others
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Nicotine
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the addictive drug that is found in all tobacco products
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Carcinogens
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chemicals or agents that cause cancer
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Tar
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sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke that coats the inside of airways and that contains many carcinogens
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Carbon monoxide
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a gas that blocks oxygen from getting into the bloodstream.
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Emphysema
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a respiratory disease in which air cannot move in and out of the lungs because alveoli become blocked or lose their elasticity
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Side stream smoke
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the smoke that escapes from the tip of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe
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Mainstream smoke
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smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by a tobacco smoker.
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Environmental tobacco smoke
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a combination of exhaled mainstream smoke and side stream smoke.
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NRT
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a from of medicine that delivers a small amount of nicotine to the body to help a person quit smoking.
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Drug abuse
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the international improper or usage use of a drug
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Overdose
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taking of too much of a drug, which causes sickness, loss of consciousness, permanent health damage, or even death
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Marijuana
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the dried flowers and leaves from the plant Cannabis sativa.
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Inhalants
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drugs that are inhaled as vapors
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Club drugs
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are drugs designed to closely resemble common illegal drugs
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Anabolic steroids
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are synthetic versions of the male hormone testorerone
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Stimulant
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are drugs that temporarily increase a person's energy and alertness
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Depressants
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drugs that cause relaxation and sleepiness
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Opiates
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are a group of highly addictive drugs derived from the poppy plant that are used as pain relievers, anesthetics, and sedatives
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Hallucinogens
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drugs that distort perceptions and cause a person to see or hear things that are not real
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Neonatal abstinence syndrome
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drudge withdrawal occurring in newborn infants whose mothers were frequent drug users during pregnancy.
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Recovering
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the process of learning to live w/o drugs.
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Intervention
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involves confronting a drug user about his or her problem
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Relapse
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a return to using drugs while trying to recover from drug addiction
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Infectious disease
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is any disease that is cause d by an agent that has invaded the body
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Pathogen
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any agent that causes disease
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Bacteria
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tiny, single-celled organisms
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Virus
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tiny, disease-causing particles
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Fungus
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organisms that absorb and use the nutrients of living or dead organisms
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Antibiotic resistance
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a condition in which bacteria can no longer be killed by a particular antibiotic
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Inflammation
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a reaction to injury becomes inflamed, and becomes infected
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Lymphatic system
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a network of vessels that carry a clear fluid through the body.
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White blood cells
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cells in the blood whose primary job is to defend the body against disease.
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Vaccine
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substances usually prepared from killed or weakened pathogens that is introduced into a body to produced immunity,
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Symptom
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the changes that you notice in your body or mind caused by a disease or disorder.
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Meningitis and salmonellosis
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Bacteria causing illnesses.
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Hepatitis
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more serious viral disease.
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Amebic dysentery
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an inflammation of the intestine cause by ameba
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Lifestyle disease
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diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by others
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CVD
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diseases and disorders that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels
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Blood pressure
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the force that blood exerts against the inside walls of a blood vessel.
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Heart attack
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the damage and loss of function of an area of the heart muscle
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Atherosclerosis
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the disease characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the inside walls of the arteries.
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Cancer
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a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth
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Malignant tumor
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a mass of cells that invades and destroys healthy tissue.
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Benign tumor
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an abnormal but usually harmless cell mass.
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Chemotherapy
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the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells.
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Insulin
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a hormone that causes cells to remove glucose from the bloodstream
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Diabetes
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a disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the blood such that high blood-glucose levels result
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Diabetic coma
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a loss of consciousness that happens when there is too much blood sugar and a build up of toxic substances in the blood.
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Adolescence
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the period of time between puberty and maturation
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Hereditary diseases
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diseases caused by abnormal chromosomes or by defective genes
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Genes
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segments of DNA located on a chromosome that code for a specific trait
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Genetic counseling
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the process of informing a person or couple of their genetic makeup
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Human genome project
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a research effort to determine the locations of all human genes on the chromosomes
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Gene therapy
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technique that places a healthy copy of a gene into the cells of a person
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Autoimmune diseases
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immune system attacks the cells of the body that the immune system normally protects.
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MS
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occurs when the body attacks myelin
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Disabilities
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physical or mental impairments or deficiencies that interfere with a persons normal activity
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Tinnitus
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a buzzing ringing, or whistling sound in one or both ears that occurs even when no sound is present.
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ADA
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wide-ranging legislation intended to make American society more accessible to people with disabilities.
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Puberty
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the period of human development during which people become able to produce children
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Hormones
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chemical substances made and released in one part of the body that cause a change in another part of the body
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Testes
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male reproductive structures
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Menopause
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the period of time in a woman's life when the woman stops ovulating and menstruating
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Midlife crisis
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the sense of uncertainty about one 's identity and values that some people experience in midlife
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Alzheimer's disease
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disease in which one gradually loses mental capacities to carry out daily act.
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Life expectancy
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average length of time and in. Is expected to live.
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Marriage
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lifelong commitment between a husband and a wife
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Emotional intimacy
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is the state of being emotionally connected to another person
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Emotional maturity
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the ability to assess a relationship or situation and to act according to what is best for oneself and for the other person
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Divorce
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a legal end to a marriage
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Parental responsibility
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the duty of a parent to proved for the physical, financial, emotional, and mental needs of the child
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Discipline
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the act of teaching a child through correction, direction, and rules
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Siblings
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brothers and sisters
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Nuclear family
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consists of a family in which a mother, father, and one or more children live together
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Extended family
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the people who are outside the nuclear family but are related to the nuclear family.
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Family counseling
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involves counseling to improve relationships. '
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Sperm
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sex cells that are produces by the male reproductive organs called testes.
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Egg
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sex cells produced by the female reproductive organs called ovaries.
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Fertilization
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the process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material combine to create a new human life.
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Testes
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the male reproductive organs that make sperm and testosterone
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Penis
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the male reproductive organ that removes urine from the males body and that can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system
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Semen
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mixture of sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive organs
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Ovary
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female reproductive organ that produces organs that produce eggs and estrogen.
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Vagina
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the female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus and that receives sperm during reproduction
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Fallopian tubes
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the female reproductive organs that transport an egg from the ovary to the uterus
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Uterus
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the female reproductive organ that provides a place to support a developing human
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Menstrual cycle
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a monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepare the uterine lining for a pregnancy
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Sexual intercourse
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the reproductive process in which the penis is inserted into the vagina and through which a new human life may begin.
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Embryo
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a developing human through the first 8 weeks.
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Placenta
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the blood vessel-rich organ that forms in the mother's uterus and that provides nutrients and oxygen to and removes wastes from the developing human.
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Fetus
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a developing human from the start to the ninth month until delivery.
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Parental care
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the healthcare provided for a woman during her pregnancy.
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Sexual activity
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any activity that includes intentional sexual contact for the purpose of sexual arousal.
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Abstinence
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the conscious decision not to participate in sexual activity and the skills to support the decision
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STD
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an infectious disease that is spread by sexual contact.
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Protective factor
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anything that decreases the likelihood of someone engaging in a risky behavior.
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Epidemic
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STDs are considered an epidemic among teens and young adults
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Asymptomatic
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showing no signs of a disease or disorder even though it may be present.
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PID , gonorrhea, syphilis, HPV
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the four most common baterial STDs
