question

Which three geographic regions of the world have the highest literacy rates?

answer

Europe & Central Asia, East Asia & Pacific, and America

question

Which of the following provides the BEST explanation for why secondary school is so rarely free in developing nations?

answer

The state can't afford to set up secondary schools.

question

Countries with low literacy rates are more likely to have all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

a more peaceful and slow-paced lifestyle.

question

Which of the following is the most common attitude toward education among parents in developing nations?

answer

"Education is crucial to the future of my children and I will sacrifice mightily to get it."

question

Which of the following is about the monthly tuition for a basic secondary school in Kenya?

answer

$40

question

People without a primary education are more likely to be all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

forced to teach themselves new and innovative ways of doing all their neighbors can.

question

Which of the following BEST summarizes the problems seen in developing nations seeking to grow their primary education system?

answer

Governments are sold on the idea of providing education, but struggle to find the funds to do so.

question

Why do primary school children in developing nations so rarely go on to secondary (high) school?

answer

Because there's no money to pay for secondary school.

question

What is the "health trap?"

answer

A cycle of poverty in which poverty increases the chances of sickness and the cost of sickness increases poverty.

question

From a health perspective, which of the following is a major advantage of living in a wealthy country?

answer

Many of the everyday concerns faced by poor citizens, such as finding clean water, are widely solved and taken for granted in wealthier countries.

question

How can a successful "nudge" from a government impact a country's health care?

answer

By making it easy for people to do things that are good for them, a government can improve a nation's health.

question

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the views of "health trap" skeptics?

answer

It is not obvious whether poverty is caused by poor health or by poor governance.

question

Why have economists generally supported subsidies for health care?

answer

They believe individual health gains are beneficial to all of society's health.

question

On average, countries in which a large fraction of the population is exposed to malaria are:

answer

poorer than other countries.

question

What common issue in developing nations is directly responsible for the outbreak of infectious diseases such as cholera?

answer

Lack of proper sanitation.

question

Which of the following BEST describes health gains made in Africa over the last 50 years?

answer

A jump from pre-medieval times to early 20th century Europe.

question

Some of the same health-related issues that affected cities during the Industrial Revolution now affect cities in the developing world. Which of the following is one of these issues?

answer

A lack of infrastructure and central planning.

question

Which of the following is a reason why many citizens of developing nations lack preventative health care?

answer

Preventative health care is generally the responsibility of the government, which can be inefficient and unreliable.

question

Why does the International Monetary Fund (IMF) often force countries that are seeking loans to end their subsidies?

answer

It believes subsidies distort a country's economy, ultimately harming it.

question

Which of the following BEST describes how the International Monetary Fund (IMF) sees its role in lending to countries?

answer

As a signal to private banks that it is okay to invest in a country.

question

Which of the following describes "dependency theory?"

answer

The notion that developing nations are kept poor because of their reliance on wealthier nations.

question

In order to receive International Monetary Fund (IMF) assistance, what must member-countries typically do?

answer

Agree to make changes to their monetary and fiscal policies.

question

If a country devalues its currency, what effect will it have on the prices of the country's exports?

answer

The country's exports will become less expensive.

question

To opponents of lending to poor countries, which of the following is a typical result of providing loans?

answer

They are likely to become "addicted" to credit.

question

Why would a nation choose to take on debt?

answer

It has no other way of acquiring needed funds.

question

Countries in need of economic reform are often advised to devalue their currencies. This measure, however, is usually strongly opposed. Why?

answer

Devaluation often leads to a cycle of inflation.

question

Which of the following actions is likely to fall under the responsibility of the World Bank, as opposed to the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?

answer

Financing a dam in Argentina.

question

How can wealthier, well-functioning countries BEST assist developing countries in reforming weak institutions?

answer

By helping developing nations adopt standards of governance.

question

Which of the following is NOT a typical benefit of strong institutions?

answer

Good prices on jeans.

question

When can an institution be characterized as "extractive?"

answer

When the people with power over the institution use their position to direct any gains from it exclusively to themselves or their associates.

question

In terms of performance, communist governments have historically tended to:

answer

create an elite group with concentrated political and economic power.

question

Which of the following does NOT increase the likelihood that a country will suffer from weak institutions?

answer

UN membership.

question

Which of the following are the actions of an extractive state?

answer

Steering lucrative government contracts to political loyalists.

question

Which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between weak institutions and a country's distribution of wealth?

answer

In countries with weak institutions, the majority of wealth usually winds up in the hands of a few elites.

question

In the eyes of reformers, the best way to transform extractive institutions is to make them more:

answer

inclusive; they should include groups with varying concerns under their umbrella.

question

All of the following are signs that a country has weak institutions EXCEPT:

answer

transparent elections.

question

Why are healthy institutions so important to nation building? Choose the BEST answer.

answer

They provide checks and balances against political and economic opportunists who, left to their own devices, would operate without restraint.

question

For critics of Rwanda's president Paul Kagame, what has been sacrificed for the country's fast economic growth?

answer

democracy

question

Which of the following issues is most limiting Rwanda's potential growth?

answer

Health; Rwandans must have a chance to be malaria-free.

question

Western demand for alternative energy sources such as palm oil has created an economic boom in countries that produce the energy, such as Malaysia. According to environmentalist critics, what has been the consequence of this increased demand?

answer

accelerating deforestation

question

How has Rwandan president Paul Kagame attempted to "bypass the traditional development model?"

answer

By developing direct networks with business leaders.

question

Which of the following would have the greatest negative impact on a public health campaign, such as malaria eradication?

answer

Civil war and lack of cooperation by a government's finance department.

question

What is Rwanda's strategy for increasing its GDP and accelerating its development?

answer

Seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large businesses.

question

All of the following factors have helped transform countries from developing nations to developed ones. Which of the following is an "intangible" that has contributed to this transformation?

answer

strong institutions

question

An invite to join what organization has signaled that Chile is on its way to becoming a developed nation?

answer

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

question

Which of the following statements BEST describes the risk that developing countries must take in order to become developed?

answer

Developing countries must risk their limited funds in investments and public programs.

question

What problem common to rural areas of the developing world has the ReadySet attempted to solve?

answer

The lack of access to electricity.

question

The Chinese journalist and activist Deng Fei raised $3.9M from 900,000 people to provide lunch to 25,000 Chinese schoolchildren. What did this cause the Chinese government to do?

answer

Increase funding for lunches at even more schools.

question

How many countries have agreed to work toward the Millennium Development Goals?

answer

Every country in the world.

question

To successfully reach Millennium Development Goal targets, the cooperation of which of the following groups is most important?

answer

governments, NGOs, and businesses

question

The final say on Millennium Development Goals success rests with whom?

answer

The citizens of developing countries.

question

As of 2012, which region of the world has achieved the least amount of progress toward MDGs?

answer

Oceania

question

As of 2012, which region of the world has achieved the greatest amount of MDGs progress?

answer

Eastern Asia

question

What are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?

answer

A group of development objectives established by the United Nations.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the Millennium Development Goals?

answer

encouraging democracy

question

How has the United Nations Development Programme's milk production program in India helped empower rural Indian women?

answer

By teaching them business skills.

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