Exam 4 – Respiratory Drugs – Flashcards
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Bronchodilator Drugs
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent)
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent) ACTION
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Stimulate Beta 2 (Bronchodilation)
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent) USE
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Asthma
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent) ADVERSE EFFECTS
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Increased Heart Rate Increased Force of Contraction
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent) CONTRA.
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Cardiac Tachyarrythmias Severe CAD HTN DM
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albuterol (Proventil) Route of Administration and Short/Long Term Effects
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Inhaled, first choice, rescue inhaler
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epinephrine (Adrenalin) Route of Administration
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SubQ, usually in ER
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salmeterol (Serevent) Lasting Effects
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Long-Term
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albuterol (Proventil) epinephrine (Adrenalin) salmeterol (Serevent) NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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Teach Prevention of Attacks Use of Inhaler -Wait 3-5 minutes between puffs -Rinse Mouth **Bronchodilator first then other inhaler Mark rescue inhaler for easy ID
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Anticholinergic Drugs
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ipratropium (Atrovert) tiotropium (Spiriva)
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-tropium, Atrovert, Spiriva ACTION
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Block action of acetylcholine in bronchial smooth muscle (Prevents Bronchoconstriction)
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-tropium, Atrovert, Spiriva USE
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maintenance therapy for bronchitis/emphysema
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-tropium, Atrovert, Spiriva ADVERSE EFFECTS
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Nervousness Headache Hypotension GI Distress
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Corticosteroid Drugs
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fluticasone (Flonase) beclomethasone (Beclovent) budesonide (Pulmicort) triamcinolone (Azmacort) dexamethasone (Decadron) methylpresdisone prednisone
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Flonase Action
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Suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production, decrease edema
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Flonase Route
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Inhaler
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Flonase Adverse Effects
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avoids systemic problems, impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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Beclovent Action
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Suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production, decrease edema
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Beclovent Route
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Inhaler
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Beclovent Adverse Effects
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avoids systemic problems, impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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Pulmicort Actions
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Suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production, decrease edema
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Pulmicort Route
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Inhaler
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Pulmicort Adverse Effects
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avoids systemic problems, impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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Azmacort Actions
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Suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production and edema
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Azmacort Route
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PO or IV Push
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Azmacort Adverse Effects
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impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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Decadron Action
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Suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production and edema
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Decadron Route
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PO or IV push
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Decadron Adverse Effects
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impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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methylpredisone action
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suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production and edema
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methylpredisone route
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IV
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methylpredisone adverse effects
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impaired growth in children, dry mouth, cough
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predisone action
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suppress inflammation, decrease mucous production and edema
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predisone route
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PO
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predisone adverse effects
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impaired growth in children, dry mouth and cough
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When to use IV or PO Corticosteroids?
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For controlled management
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When to use Inhaler Corticosteroids?
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When other inhalers failed/does not treat fully
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fluticasone (Flonase) beclomethasone (Beclovent) budesonide (Pulmicort) triamcinolone (Azmacort) dexamethasone (Decadron) methylpresdisone prednisone NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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Usually not given in acute attack May be given alone or w/ bronchodilator Use Corticosteroid inhaler LAST Gargle after use to prevent fungal infections
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ipratropium/albuterol (Combivent, DuoNeb)
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Anticholinergic and short-term beta 2 mix
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fluticasone/salmetrol (Advair)
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Inhaled steroid and long acting Beta 2 mix
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What are Combination Drugs (Respiratory) only used for?
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ONLY maintenance NOT rescue
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Xanthines Drug
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theophylline (Theo-Dur-oral, Aminophylline- IV)
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theophylline (Theo-Dur, Aminophylline) ACTION
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Causes bronchodilation
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theophylline (Theo-Dur, Aminophylline) ADVERSE EFFECTS
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CNS Stimulation Increased cardiac output restlessness convulsions tachycardia
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theophylline (Theo-Dur, Aminophylline) therapeutic level
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5-15 mcg/mL
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theophylline (Theo-Dur, Aminophylline) Toxicity Symptoms
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Seizures Arrhythmias
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Luekotriene Modifier Drugs
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zafirlukast (Accolate) montelukast (Singulair)
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-lukast, Accolate, Singulair Action
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Modify Luekotrienes to prevent bronchoconstriction and inflammation Prevention ONLY
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-lukast, Accolate, Singulair Use
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asthma along w/ bronchodilators and steroids
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-lukast, Accolate, Singulair Adverse Effects
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N/V Headache infection
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-lukast, Accolate, Singulair CONTRA.
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liver disease
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Antihistamine Drugs
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diphenhyrdarmine (Benadryl) fexofendrine (Allegra) loratadine (Claritan)
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diphenhyrdarmine (Benadryl) fexofendrine (Allegra) loratadine (Claritan) ACTION
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Antagonize the action of histamine (nerve impulses, smooth muscles, increases HR) by occupying sites
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diphenhyrdarmine (Benadryl) fexofendrine (Allegra) loratadine (Claritan) USE
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Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
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diphenhyrdarmine (Benadryl) fexofendrine (Allegra) loratadine (Claritan) NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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Safety Give w/ food For seasonal - take regularly
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What is a problem for Benadryl?
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Drowsiness (C and P receptors affected, importantly the C)
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Nasal Decongestant Drugs
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) oxymetazoline (Afrin) phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine)
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) oxymetazoline (Afrin) phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine) ACTION
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Shrink engorged nasal mucosa
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) oxymetazoline (Afrin) phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine) USE
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Relieves nasal congestion
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) oxymetazoline (Afrin) phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine) CONTRA
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Severe HTN CAD
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) oxymetazoline (Afrin) phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine) ADVERSE
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Nervousness, Palpitations
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Antitussive Drugs
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Non-Narcotic: dextromethorphan (Benylin) Narcotic: codeine or hydrocordone added to syrup
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Antitussive Action
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Suppress cough center in the medulla
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Antitussive Use
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To relieve significant dry, hacking cough ONLY
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Antitussive Side Effects
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Dizziness Sedation Nausea
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Antitussive Nursing Imp.
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Assess cough No Alcohol
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Expectorant Drugs
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guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)
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guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin) Action
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Relief of a productive cough by thinning respiratory secretions
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guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin) Implications
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Can be combined in cold remedy formula Take only as needed
