question

Poor people are more likely to use firearms than other weapons when they kill because guns

answer

give a sense of power to the poor... pg 64

question

One reason why we are more likely to be killed by those we know than by strangers is that murder most often

answer

requires a great deal of emotion, which is more likely to be generated by intimate relations.... pg 65

question

This type of killing is done to save the "face" and "name" of the family.

answer

honor killing

question

Most evidence about the impact of capital punishment on murder rates supports the conclusion that capital punishment

answer

is not an effective deterrent to murder

question

Sociologist David Phillips discovered that some persons can conceal their suicidal wishes but carry them out with more ingenuity. He studied __________ to document this pattern of murder-suicide.

answer

airplane pilots.... have to double check this one

question

Murder is an especially serious type of deviance because

answer

its cost to the victim is forever irreparable.....

question

Which of the following is TRUE about stalking?

answer

Most stalkers know their victims.

question

The factor most commonly associated with murder is

answer

poverty

question

School violence is caused by all of the following, except for

answer

violent sports competition.

question

Which of the following is NOT a way poverty causes homicide?

answer

Genetic factors cause both poverty and homicidal tendencies.

question

Homicides occur most frequently during

answer

the weekends

question

The wholesale killing of members of a racial or ethnic group is the definition of

answer

terrorism

question

Pursuing someone in a way that creates fear of being assaulted or killed is called

answer

stalking

question

According to some sociologists, the extremely high rate of homicide in parts of the South is a striking example of

answer

a widespread culture of violence.

question

The terrorists who attacked the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, were

answer

loyal members of a religious group

question

Sociologists think that the homicide-suicide type of murder is "normal" because, after the killing, the murderer is

answer

able to feel remorse

question

The external restraint theory holds that

answer

strong external restraint leads to homicide.

question

If guns were less available, many heated arguments would result in

answer

aggravated assaults rather than murders.

question

According to the author, one reason why people advocate the death penalty, even though it does not act as a deterrent, is because

answer

it prevents the murderer from doing harm to others again....... pg 82

question

According to the subculture of violence theory, the poor are more violent than people in the larger culture because

answer

the violent subculture has a powerful grip on the poor..... pg 79

question

According to the "Social Profile of Serial Killers," which of the following statements about serial killers is probably UNTRUE?

answer

They are mostly college educated

question

Gold attempted to add to external restraint theory by arguing that socialization plays a role in determining who becomes a murderer. He felt that

answer

physical punishment in childhood leads to homicide..... 78-79

question

According to Marvin Wolfgang's subculture of violence theory, the subculture upholds all of the following practices, EXCEPT for

answer

providing strong external restraints leading to homicide. needs to be double checked pg 79

question

With terrorism, the victims are usually

answer

innocent citizens

question

All of the following are types of mass murderers, EXCEPT for

answer

murderers who stalk and torture their victims

question

The author of the text points to recent studies that suggest the cause of higher violence rates among poor African Americans is

answer

poverty and social inequality... pg60

question

A type of murder involving killing a number of people one at a time is called

answer

mass murder

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the South is the region with the nation's highest murder rate?

answer

the prevalence of population heterogeneity, which leads to a lack of community

question

not on exam

answer

not on exam

question

Which of the following statements about the characteristics of homicide is true?

answer

Women are more likely to be killed at home.

question

Which of the following is NOT a type of hate killer?

answer

racist hate killers

question

Evidence shows that the murder rates in states with capital punishment are

answer

Higher double check pg 88

question

WHich one of the following variables is MOST likely to be the greatest contributing factor toward murder?

answer

accessibility to handguns

question

Murders committed by people who are poor often

answer

committed on impulse

question

Regarding the racial backgrounds of offender and victim, murder

answer

is mostly intraracial

question

Which of the following is NOT a theory that attempts to explain genocide?

answer

Genocide is based on the physical and psychological separation between perpetrators and victims.

question

According to external restraint theory, suicide and homicide are

answer

both acts of aggression resulting from frustration.... pg 78

question

The criminologist Marvin Wolfgang studied victims of self-precipitated murder and determined that victims

answer

secretly wished to kill themselves

question

One reason why more poor people commit murders over very trivial acts is

answer

the impact of economic and social oppression on one's sense of honor.

question

Research suggests that most men who kill their wives or girlfriends

answer

have previously kept their victims in abusive relations.

question

Of all the variables mentioned, this has the most significant effect when it come to murder.

answer

proverty

question

Which of the following statements about school violence is TRUE?

answer

A school environment conducive to school violence seriously affects only a few students.

question

Hate-motivated killers

answer

are more likely to belong to an organized hate group. ..... pg74

question

The perpetrators of genocide are

answer

mostly normal people.... pg75

question

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true today?

answer

Teenagers are more likely than young adults from 20 to 29 to kill.

question

In order to win the "masculinity contest," men tend to see women as

answer

if they were objects.

question

According to the social profile of molesters, which of the following traits is most likely associated with a child molester rather than a rapist?

answer

gentleness and passivity pg 110

question

In her analysis of 156 tribal societies, Peggy Sanday found that rape-prone societies are marked by

answer

male dominance pg 105

question

According to sociologists, participation in a gang rape

answer

fulfills a social need more than a sexual desire. pg 91

question

Most rapes are

answer

premeditated

question

Which of the following is most likely to be a victim of same-sex rape in prison?

answer

a slightly built young white man pg 107

question

The myth that women want to be raped is

answer

a male blame-the-victim rationalization. pg 101

question

All of the following are ways men learn to play the "masculinity game," except for

answer

experiencing the absence of referees to manage the game. pg 100

question

All of the following are part of America's culture of rape, EXCEPT for

answer

the formation of anti-rape organizations like rape crisis centers.

question

Child molesters are likely to

answer

be their victim's relatives or neighbors

question

With acquaintance rape, the rapist mostly uses

answer

verbal coercion

question

Which of the following traits is part of the traditional masculine social role that leads to rape?

answer

The male should take an active part in achieving social and sexual relations with females.

question

Feminist theory states that rape is caused by sexual inequality because rape is

answer

an expression of men's dominance over women.

question

The "feeling of being raped again" refers to the woman victim's

answer

encounter with the police pg 96

question

Which of the following behavioral characteristics would a rapist NOT consider a sign of vulnerability?

answer

projecting confidence without appearing aggressive

question

Which of the following is a problem psychologists feel can lead men to become rapists?

answer

being raised in a sexually permissive community pg 105

question

Most rapists

answer

do some planning before their assault

question

A majority of actual rapes

answer

involve pushing, shoving, choking the victim pg 90

question

In a recent nationwide survey undertaken by Ms. Magazine, nearly __________ percent of the college women who had been raped by their dates did NOT identify their experience as rape.

answer

75 pg 92

question

According to the author of the text, the assertion that many rapes are victim-precipitated

answer

is a male's biased view of rape.

question

One reason why many rapists felt they would never go to prison for rape is that they believed that

answer

women were sexual objects for men to use for pleasure. pg 99

question

The strongest motivation for rape in prison appears to be

answer

the drive for power pg 107

question

All of the following are types of legal reforms designed to help women in court, EXCEPT for

answer

requiring all rape cases to be heard by female judges.

question

One of the outcomes of same-sex rape is that the male victim

answer

feels a loss of masculinity pg 108

question

Which of the following statements reflects how a rape case is actually handled in court?

answer

a fear that women and married men would have to become priests.

question

One reason why Church leaders failed to dismiss offending priests from their jobs is

answer

the church's culture of secrecy and forgiveness. pg 112

question

Until recently, almost all rapes were

answer

intraracial

question

According to a study undertaken by Chappel and his associates, which of the following kinds of sexual environments might most hurt a man's failures to win sexual favors?

answer

a permissive environment pg 105

question

Most rape survivors go through two phases of disorganization before regaining their ability to live normally: an acute phase of humiliation and self-blame, and a longer phase marked by

answer

rejection of social and sexual relations with others. pg 95

question

The author of the text concludes that psychological theories of rape

answer

can explain only a few unusual cases of rape. pg 104

question

Influenced by the culture of rape, a man whose wife has been raped tends to

answer

respect or love her less than before. pg 98

question

Some men can be raped by some women because rape is basically

answer

an expression of power. pg 108

question

In the study undertaken by Amir, a common victim behavior that eventually leads to "victim-precipitated rape" involves the woman

answer

agreeing to have a drink or ride with a stranger.

question

All of the following are factors that lead to more rape-prone campuses, except for

answer

mandatory membership in fraternities. pg93

question

Child molesting is considered a form of rape because

answer

the victims are too young to give their consent.

question

Women have a _____ percent probability of being raped.

answer

ten (one out of ten)

question

The feminine qualities conducive to becoming a victim of rape are

answer

softness, gentleness, and consideration.

question

Which of the following is one way rapists attempt to determine the vulnerability of their victims?

answer

approaching a woman on the street and asking for directions

question

All of the following are ways that pornography is implicated in the problem of rape, EXCEPT that it

answer

provides an erotic sexual outlet. pg 98-99

question

Which of the following statements about pedophile priests is NOT true?

answer

Almost half of all priests have been involved in molesting children. pg 112

question

Anger, revenge, and courage to keep a rapist in jail are _____ ways rape survivors react after being raped.

answer

outward

question

Which of the following statements about those who abuse the elderly is NOT true?

answer

They are largely male.

question

All of the following are ways U.S. society has attempted to protect women from marital rape and abuse, EXCEPT for

answer

severely punishing men who sexually or physically abuse their wives.

question

The many women who are squeezed between raising children of their own and taking care of parents are called

answer

the sandwiched generation. pg130

question

According to research, which of the following statements is true?

answer

Forced anal intercourse occurs more often than forced vaginal intercourse. pg121

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that supports female genital mutilation in many African cultures?

answer

the meaning of womanhood in many cultures that practice female genital mutilation

question

Feelings of depression, anxiety, and helplessness such as those suffered by U.S. soldiers who served in Vietnam and victims of physical injury, are called

answer

posttraumatic stress disorder. pg 123

question

Critics of mandatory reporting laws for elder abuse say

answer

these laws demean elders by treating them like children.

question

Which of the following is not a cause of rape listed in the text?

answer

improper behavior on the part of the victim

question

The extent of family violence varies from one report to another because researchers

answer

utilize different definitions of family violence.

question

Female genital mutilation mostly takes place in

answer

Africa

question

Problematic interaction between a parent and child is one cause of child abuse. All of the following are problems of interaction, except for

answer

social approval of physical punishment.

question

In the U.S., ______parents physically discipline their children.

answer

nearly sll pg 119

question

According to the exchange theory of family violence, which of the following would be the reward of violence?

answer

enjoyment of power and control over the victim pg134

question

John experienced family violence as he was growing up. According to social learning theory, he is

answer

more likely to engage in family violence. pg133

question

The most prevalent form of forced sex is

answer

the rape of a woman by her husband.

question

According to a famous study of a sample of the elderly in Boston, __________ of elder persons are more likely to become elder abusers.

answer

spouses pg130

question

One serious consequence of marital rape is

answer

self-blame and guilt by the victim. double check

question

All of the following are part of the social profile of family abusers, EXCEPT that they are

answer

members of the middle class. pg 131 132

question

In general, when abuse is committed against children in the U.S.

answer

all family members are viewed as suspects. double check

question

According to a definition of spouse abuse that includes both violent and nonviolent acts,

answer

about one-third of all U.S. couples assault their spouses. pg 122

question

All of the following are true about incest, EXCEPT that

answer

young victims of incest usually forget about the past and lead normal sexual lives as adults. pg125

question

The two types of services that seem most useful to abused elders are medical services and

answer

legal services. pg137

question

According to research, children who have been abused

answer

are likely to suffer severe problems later in life. pg126

question

The real extent of family violence may be much higher than the reported figures because

answer

all of the above are true pg120

question

The criminal justice system

answer

requires some abusers to go to counseling.

question

Men who have lost control of their lives due to poverty, unemployment, drug abuse, or alcoholism are

answer

more likely to become abusive husbands.

question

Research has shown that majority of abused women

answer

leave abusive relationships.

question

When it comes to family violence, all of the following are false EXCEPT which one?

answer

Family violence hits the poor only.

question

All of the following are true about female genital mutilation, EXCEPT that it is

answer

relatively accepted today in most Western cultures.

question

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of the battered woman syndrome?

answer

passively submitting to more violence pg123

question

About __________ children are severely physically abused every year.

answer

3 million pg126

question

All of the following are reasons why large numbers of children are abused in American society, EXCEPT for

answer

the widespread acceptance of spouse abuse.

question

For feminists, a major cause of wife beating is

answer

the sexist, patriarchal nature of society.

question

Older people are more likely to be abused if they live

answer

with relatives.

question

All of the following are ways that abusive husbands try to rationalize their violent acts, EXCEPT for

answer

stating they do not remember carrying out the rape. pg123

question

Which of the following is a reason why most of the women who continue to live with abusive husbands do not leave?

answer

They fear their husbands will retaliate.

question

After committing the violence, most abusive husbands

answer

do not admit guilt. pg123

question

Incest

answer

was assumed to be rare until 1974, when it became part of mandatory child abuse reporting laws. pg125

question

Which of the following factors is involved in most marital rapes?

answer

physical violence or threats of it pg120

question

Outside of the police and the military, American society's most violent institution is

answer

the family.

question

Which of the following types of children would be at the highest risk for child abuse?

answer

a very young child

question

Which of the following are criticisms of protective services efforts for children?

answer

All of the above answers are criticisms. pg 135

question

Which of the following is an important reason why sociologists have a difficult time when studying family violence?

answer

The family is too private to study sociologically. double check

question

Parent-child interaction becomes problematic when

answer

a parent has psychological problems that make child care demanding.

question

Which of the following statements about marital rape is true?

answer

Many victims blame themselves for the rape. double check

question

Many child abusers see abusive behavior as good and proper because they

answer

are among many who accept the rightness of physical punishment. pg127

question

A strong religious identity and degree of religious conservation is associated with a(n) .................. suicide rate.

answer

Lower pg 155

question

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

answer

Whites have a higher suicide rate than blacks. pg 152-153/155

question

When a famous person commits suicide, the nation's suicide rates

answer

go up

question

In his study on suicide, Emile Durkheim showed that

answer

too much integration and individualism can lead to suicide. double check

question

The high rise in youthful suicide over the last 20 years has resulted from

answer

a great decline in social integration and regulation in teen life. pg 161

question

Each year, about __________ Americans die by their own hands.

answer

30,000 pg 144

question

In Western societies today, higher suicide rates are due in part to

answer

increasingly permissive attitudes toward suicide. pg 166

question

The majority of depressed Americans do not kill themselves; those who do commit suicide do so because they have been under the influence of

answer

certain social forces in their lives. pg 144

question

Research has documented that the greater the air time given to country music, the higher the suicide rate. Which of the following is a possible reason?

answer

the themes of country music, many of which are suicide-related pg 165

question

the themes of country music, many of which are suicide-related

answer

hanging or shooting

question

Those who threaten suicide

answer

would rather attempt suicide

question

All of the following are conditions under which doctors in the Netherlands can carry out euthanasia, EXCEPT that

answer

it must be approved by a panel of government officials.

question

Suicide rates depend significantly on

answer

psychological problems.

question

Which of the following is a way suicide attempters differ from suicide committers?

answer

They are more likely to be young. pg 145

question

Psychological theories of suicide assume that suicide comes from

answer

major social problems. double check

question

Over the last 20 years, teenage suicides have

answer

increased dramatically. pg 160-161

question

The type of suicide that slaves are more likely than free people to commit is called __________ suicide.

answer

fatalistic

question

Generally, whites commit suicide

answer

twice as often as blocks PG 154

question

In Douglas's view, the specific meanings of suicide to individuals help to

answer

facilitate the suicidal process.

question

One of the reasons why recently diagnosed, less-sick, HIV-infected patients are more suicidal than those dying of AIDS-related illnesses is

answer

the sudden transformation from being a totally healthy person to a seriously ill person. PG 164

question

According to Henry and Short's theory, all of the following are factors that promote suicide, EXCEPT for the

answer

CULTURAL PG 172

question

Phenomenological theories of suicide

answer

deal with the popular meaning of suicide.

question

Suicide prevention centers cannot substantially reduce suicide rates because

answer

suicide is basically a sociological problem. PG 169

question

At what point is an inmate'' stay at prison most likely to result in suicide?

answer

during the initial phase of imprisonment

question

According to Jerry Jacobs's theory of the suicidal process, suicide victims overcome prohibitions against suicide through a series of events. What is the first stage of this process?

answer

finding themselves faced with unexpected and unsolvable problems PG 174

question

College students in the United States have higher suicide rates than their non-college peers because they

answer

are single and experience much stress.

question

From notes left by successful suicides and from reports given by suicide attempters, we can discern several types of suicidal feelings. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

answer

feeling excited about the prospect of seeing God

question

Durkheim theorized that there are two major forces shaping suicide, social integration and

answer

social regulation. PG 170

question

Which of the following groups has the highest suicide rates?

answer

divorced persons

question

The Patient's Self-Determination Act passed by Congress requires hospitals to

answer

inform patients of rights to control their treatment through living wills.

question

Which of the following groups of people has the LOWEST suicide rates?

answer

married women with children

question

Some countries with developing economies like China have high suicide rates because they

answer

experience rapid social change.

question

If a person kills him- or herself after murdering another, it is called __________ suicide.

answer

ATONEMENT PG 147

question

In the last two decades, the gender difference in suicide attempts has

answer

narrowed significantly pg 156 double check

question

In the last 20 years, during which the number of suicide prevention centers has increased tremendously, the suicide rate has

answer

not declined substantially. pg 169

question

The type of suicide that unmarried people are more likely than married ones to commit is called __________ suicide.

answer

egoistic pg 171

question

Which of the following statements about the relationship between economic conditions and suicide is TRUE?

answer

Suicide rates are higher in affluent societies than in poor ones.

question

Which of the following statements about the suicide bombers who attacked the U.S. on 9/11/2001 is TRUE?

answer

They came from relatively well-off, middle-class families.

question

In general, cutters are

answer

difficult to situate in a category of deviance.

question

Research has shown a positive correlation between suicide rates and the air time of this genre of music.

answer

country

question

Which of the following is the most typical reaction of a suicide victim's family and friends?

answer

guilt pg 167

question

Even though few persons have requested assisted suicide in Oregon, that state's assisted suicide law has been gaining support throughout the U.S. because of growing recognition of the patient's

answer

unberable pain

question

In the past, most researchers attributed the link between urbanization and suicide to

answer

conflicting social norms pg 153

question

According to the latest national survey, nearly __________ percent of all adult Americans have experienced at least one episode of psychiatric disorder during their lifetime.

answer

50

question

According to social stress theory, if persons do not have _____________, stress might lead to serious mental disorders.

answer

coping resources such as social support and self-esteem

question

Which of the following is NOT a condition associated with "hospitalitis," which patients tend to develop in mental institutions?

answer

a strong desire to kill some hospital staff

question

The unprofessional but effective method of treatment provided by friends and family within the context of a community mental health center is called

answer

network therapy

question

According to the _______, the accused are not guilty if they are mentally ill, because their crime is considered the "product" of their mental illness.

answer

Durham Rule

question

Which of the following examples of mental problems would most likely be defined as a personality disorder?

answer

a crooked politician

question

According to the author, which statement about mental disorder is TRUE?

answer

Virtually all of us can be said to be mentally ill at one time or another.

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