Cultural Anthropology Fieldwork and Race Powerpoint (EXAM 1) – Flashcards
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Rapport
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The relationships of trust and familiarity developed with members of the community being studied.
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Key Informant
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A community member who advises the anthropologist on community issues, provides feedback, and warns agains cultural miscues. Also called cultural consultant.
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Informed consent
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A key strategy for protecting those being studied by ensuring that they are fully informed of the goals of the project and have clearly indicated their consent to participate.
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Anonymity
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Protecting the identities of the people involved on a study by changing or miting their names or other identifying characteristics.
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Quantitative data
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Statistical Information about a community that can be measured and compared.
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Qualitative data
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Descriptive data shown from nonstatistical sources, including participant observation,personal stories, interviews, and the histories.
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Interview
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A research strategy of gathering data through formal or informal conversation with informants.
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Life history
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A form of interview that races the biography of a person over time, examining changes and illuminating the interlocking network of relationships in the community.
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Survey
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An information gathering tool for quantitative data analysis.
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Polyvocality
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The practice of using many different voices in ethnographic writing and research question development, allowing the reader to hear more directly from the people in the study.
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Reflexivity
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A critical self-examination of the roles the anthropologist plays and awareness that one's identity affects one's fieldwork and the theoretical analyses.
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Race
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A flawed system of classification with no biological basis, that uses certain physical characteristics to divide the human population into supposedly discrete groups.
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Racialization
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To categorize, differentiate, and attribute a particular racial character to a person or group of people.
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Racial ideology
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A set of popular ideas about race that allows the discriminatory behaviors of individuals and institutions to seems reasonable, rational, and normal.
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Racism
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Individual thoughts and actions and institutional patterns and policies that create unequal access to power, resources, and opportunities based on imagines differences among groups.
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Individual racism
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Personal prejudiced beliefs and discriminatory actions based on race.
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Institutional racism
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Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural institutions, policies, and systems.
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Stratification
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The uneven distribution of resources and privileges among participants in a groups or culture.
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Nativism
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Favoring certain long-term inhabitants over new immigrants.
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Jim Crow
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Law implemented after the U.S. Civil War to legally enforces segregation, particularly in the South, after the end of slavery.
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Miscegenation
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A demeaning historical term for interracial marriage,
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Eugenics
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A pseudoscience attempting to scientifically prove the existence of separate human races to improve the population's genetic composition by favoring some races over others.
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Whiteness
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A culturally constructed concept originating in 1691 Virginia designed to establish clear boundaries of who is white and who is not, a process central to the formation of the U.S. racial stratification.
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White supremacy
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The belief that whites are biologically different and superior to people of other races.
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Hypodescent
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Sometimes called the "one drop of blood rule"; the assignment of children of racially "mixed" unions to the subordinate group.
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If races it not biological
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It must be cultural.
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Ten things everyone should know about race
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1. Races is a modern idea. 2. Race has no genetic basis. 3. Human subspecies do not exist. 4. Skin color really is only skin deep. 5. Most variation is within, not between, "races." 6. Slavery predates race. 7. Race and freedom were born together. 8.Race justified social inequalities as natural 9. Race isn't biological, but racism is still real. 10. Colorblindness will not end racism. (pretending race doesn't exist is not the same as creating equality.
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The Possessive Investment in Whiteness
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Economic and institutional character of race. Whiteness has a "cash" value. America continues to invest in "whiteness"
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Whiteness has a "cash" value, accounting for
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1. history of housing and profit 2. The unequal educational opportunities. 3. Employment opportunities 4. The intergenerational transfers of inherited wealth made from past discriminatory policies.
