Sociology Chapter 12- Education and Society – Flashcards
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What percentage of students who complete high school go on to enroll in a college program? a. 70 b. 65 c. 95 d. 46
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70
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Education is increasingly important for job seekers due primarily to which of the following factors? a. High unemployment rates b. Transition to a post-industrial economy c. Rising cost of living d. Low rates of pay
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Transition to a post- industrial economy
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What percentage of students who enroll in college complete a degree? a. 65 b. 30 c. 46 d. 70
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46
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Which of the following reasons illustrates a micro-level explanation for why education is important? a. The U.S. economy needs an educated workforce. b. States invest billions of dollars to cover education costs for students who never finish. c. Higher numbers of dropouts makes the United States less competitive globally. d. Median weekly earnings are higher for those with a college education.
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Median weekly earnings are higher for those with a college education
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The transmission of society's norms, values, and knowledge base by means of direct instruction is referred to as: a. Socialization b. Acculturation c. Education d. Internship training
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Education
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School segregation based on residential patterns or student choice, despite the legal segregation being banned, is referred to as: a. De jure segregation b. Residual segregation c. De facto segregation d. Effectual segregation
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De facto segregation
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Schools were originally established in the United States for which of the following purposes? a. Training workers in a particular craft b. Educating children to read biblical literature c. Teaching the public to read and write d. Teaching people workplace habits and skills
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Educating children to read biblical literature
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A society in which access to desirable jobs and social status depends on the possession of a certificate or diploma is referred to as: a. Credential society b. Globalized society c. Post-industrial society d. Western society
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Credential society
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Which of the following is associated with the highest levels of income? a. Doctoral degree (PhD) b. Master's degree c. Professional degree d. Associate's degree
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Professional degree
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Which of the following is an example of the sociological term "moral education"? a. Fifth graders learning about laws and rights. b. Kindergartners learning how to behave in class. c. Children learning to read biblical literature. d. High school students learning about inequality.
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Kindergartners learning hoe to behave in class
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Which of the following is true of the relationship between race and education? a. Blacks and Latinos are less likely than Whites to complete their bachelor's degree within six years of starting b. Latino and Black students are less likely to be in segregated schools today than in earlier decades c. Even though schools are racially segregated, they are equally funded d. Mandated school busing was widely accepted as an integration policy
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Blacks and latinos are less likley than whites to complete their bachelors degree within six years of starting
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On which of the following points do conflict and functionalist theorists agree? a. A high school degree is necessary for equal opportunity. b. Education channels individuals into positions for which they are best suited. c. Education trains people in the dominant norms and values of society. d. Education reproduces social inequality.
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Education trains people in the dominant norms and values of society
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On which of the following points do conflict and functionalist theorists agree? a. A high school degree is necessary for equal opportunity. b. Education channels individuals into positions for which they are best suited. c. Education trains people in the dominant norms and values of society. d. Education reproduces social inequality.
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Education trains people in the dominant norms and values of society
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According to conflict theorists, the "hidden curriculum" is a latent function of education that does which of the following? a. Teaches members of the working class important skills for advancement b. Socializes members of the working class to accept their class positions c. Exposes children of all classes to equal opportunities d. Places less talented students into lower level classes
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Socializes members of the working class to except their class positions
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Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist approach to studying education issues? a. Analyzing data about the relationship between education status and income b. Observing how certain students perform in class after being labeled as "exceptional" c. Studying patterns of racial segregation in public education d. Studying the reproduction of inequality in mass education
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Observing a certain students perform in class after being labeled as "exceptional"
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Which of the following is true of the relationship between education and income? a. College graduates today are out-earning earlier graduates in regard to entry-level wages after graduation b. About 75% of new graduates have an employment offer at the time of graduation c. Wages in the United States have kept pace with inflation d. College graduates out-earn their peers with only a high school education
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College graduates out earn their peers with only a high school education
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Of the four literacy levels determined by the National Assessment of Adult Literacy (Below Basic, Basic, Intermediate, and Proficient), what percentage of Americans have proficient literacy? a. 92 b. 75 c. 27 d. 13
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13
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The Supreme Court case that upheld the states' right to segregate public accommodations is known as: a. Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka b. Plessy versus Ferguson c. Jim Crow laws d. "Separate but equal"
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Plessy versus Ferguson
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What method of achieving school integration is known for worsening racial conflict in South Boston? a. The implementation of educational vouchers b. Forced desegregation c. Revision of school funding formulas d. Mandated school busing
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Mandated school busing
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College graduation rates are higher at private colleges than at public institutions a. True b. False
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True
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Which of the following racial minority groups is least likely to attend segregated schools? a. Asian Americans b. Latinos c. African Americans d. American Indians
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Asian americans
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Which of the following racial minority groups is most likely to attend segregated schools? a. Asian Americans b. Latinos c. African Americans d. American Indians
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American Indians
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Only about 25% of students today fit the model of full-time, on-campus students supported largely by their parents. a. True b. False
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True
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Although access to books at home and early reading experiences are related with higher performance at the early grade level, the literacy gap is easily closed within the first two or three years of schooling. a. True b. False
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False
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Which of the following racial groups is most likely to experience heavy educational debt (defined here as $30,500 or more at graduation)? a. Asian Americans b. Latinos c. African Americans d. Whites
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African Americans
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Which of the following is the most common reason cited for why students dropped out of college? a. They needed to leave school to support a family. b. They preferred working and earning money. c. They could not afford to stay enrolled. d. They were no longer interested in the subject of study.
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They could not afford to stay enrolled
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During the 2008 global economic recession, which group was most affected by unemployment of the 34 OECD states? a. Adults without a high school education b. Adults without post-high school education c. Adults with a four-year college degree d. Adults with a PhD
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Adults with post- high school education
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Which of the following is the number one destination for U.S. students who travel abroad? a. United Kingdom b. China c. Greece d. Indonesia
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United Kingdom
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Of the four literacy levels determined by the National Assessment of Adult Literacy (Below Basic, Basic, Intermediate, and Proficient), what percentage of Americans fell Below Basic? a. 5 b. 14 c. 32 d. 1
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14
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The ability to read and write at a level sufficient to fulfill everyday practical needs is referred to as: a. Basic literacy b. Functional literacy c. Verbal proficiency d. Verbal literacy
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Basic literacy
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According to the National Center on Education Statistics (NCES), in 2009, about what percentage of U.S. students dropped out of high school? a. 5 b. 10 c. 32 d. 8
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8
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Universal education systems provided by the government and funded by tax revenues rather than student fees are referred to as: a. Public education b. Charter education c. Parochial education d. Municipal education
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Public education
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Universal public education emerged out of demands made by labor unions in the 19th century. a. True b. False
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True
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Following the abolition of slavery, and before Jim Crow law took effect, Black and White children were educated in the same school systems. a. True b. False
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True
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Fifty years after the Civil Rights Movement, racial school segregation is no longer a pattern in U.S. society. a. True b. False
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False
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A longer school day has been shown to correlate with academic gains. a. True b. False
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True
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The traditional school year with a summer break was designed to accommodate the needs of families sustained by agriculture. a. True b. False
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True
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While there is a measurable relationship between higher levels of education and higher levels of income, it is not significant. a. True b. False
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False
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Those with more education are more likely to participate in the paid labor force and less likely to face unemployment. a. True b. False
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True
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Although the manufacturing sector has declined significantly, manufacturing jobs are just as likely to be unionized, provide long-term job security, and pay a living wage as they were in the past. a. True b. False
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False
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Prior to _____, middle- and upper-class children attended private schools to be trained for business and education, while lower class children attended public schools to learn skills and obedience for factory work and farming. a. universal public education b. education reform c. desegregation d. mass education
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Universal public education
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According to contemporary functionalist perspectives, the transmission of knowledge and skills is a _____ function of education, while the propagation of norms and values is a _____ function. a. manifest, latent b. latent, manifest c. practical, moral d. practical, intended
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Manifest, latent
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_____ refers to the education of racial minorities in schools that are geographically, economically, and/or socially separated from those attended by the racial majority. a. Educational discrimination b. Racial tracking c. School segregation d. Racial inequality
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School segregation
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In the South, school segregation was a result of _____ ; in the North, it was a result of _____. a. Jim Crow laws, residential segregation b. Jim Crow laws, income differences c. income differences, residential segregation d. residential segregation, income differences
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Jim crow laws, income differences
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The Supreme Court case reversed _____ in 1954 when it ruled that segregating public schools was unconstitutional in the case called _____. a. Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka, Plessy versus Ferguson b. separate but equal, Plessy versus Ferguson c. Plessy versus Ferguson, Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka d. school segregation, Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka
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Plessy versus Ferguson, Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka
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The current U.S. labor market is mostly made up of _____ and _____. a. advanced professional occupations that require higher education; part-time, low-pay, low-benefit service jobs b. advanced professional occupations that require higher education; manufacturing jobs that require a high school diploma c. Manufacturing jobs that require a high school diploma; part-time, low-pay, low-benefit service jobs d. white-collar occupations that require education; service jobs for undocumented
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advanced professional occupations that require higher education; part-time, low-pay, low-benefit service jobs
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U.S. students attend on average about 180 school days per year, while students in Italy attend ____ days per year and students in Korea attend ____ days per year. a. 200, 220 b. 175, 200 c. 200, 180 d. 220, 250
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200,220
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According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2011), the United States ranks ____ in the percentage of young adults with a college degree. a. 1st b. 5th c. 16th d. 26th
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16th
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Which of the following is NOT characteristic of mass education? a. The belief that education is a birthright of all citizens. b. The extension of formal schooling to wide segments of the population c. The transition from an apprentice model to direct instruction in schools d. The principle means of training workers and citizens
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The transition from an apprentice model to direct instruction in schools
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Which of the following is NOT a latent function of mass public education? a. Keeping children occupied during the day while their parents work b. Socializing children with their peers c. Teaching public values d. Teaching important workplace habits and skills
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Teaching important workplace habits and skills
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Poverty among children is NOT linked to which of the following factors? a. Economic disadvantage b. Language-impoverished environments c. Limited access to books in the home d. Individual learning challenges, such as dyslexia
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Individual learning challenges, such as dyslexia
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Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to educational inequalities between racial groups? a. School funding formulas based on property taxes b. Residential segregation c. Income inequality d. Affirmative action policies
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Affirmative action policies
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Which of the following is NOT considered a service sector occupation? a. Medical assistant b. Cable television sales rep c. Sewing machine operator in a garment factory d. Daytime garden laborer
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Sewing machine operator in a garment factory
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Which of the following is NOT a reason schools should consider summertime education? a. Some research suggests that children may lose up to two months of acquired skills over the course of the summer. b. Schools would receive more revenue. c. Middle- and upper-income students are often sent to attend enriching summer camps, which widens the educational gap for low-income students. d. Working parents have a difficult time finding childcare in the summer.
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Schools would receive more revenue
