Choice/Reality Therapy chapter 11 – Flashcards
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT William Glasser
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degree in psychiatry; rejected the Freudian model
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Glasser
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focused on the sane part of clients; originally called "reality psychiatry"
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Glasser worked with schools to achieve
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success identity
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Glasser
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expanded control theory by Willian Powers
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Robert Wubbolding
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doctorate in counseling licenced as a counselor and a psychologist
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Wubbolding
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began career as a priest but left and became a teacher school counselor and consultant
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT Wubbolding
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works to adapt theory to various cultures and expanded theory and practice to include WDEP system
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT human nature
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humans are responsible for their behaviors and what they choose to do; internally motivated by current needs and wants
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT human nature
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humans control theory present behavioral choices and have five genetically encoded driving needs
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT human nature 5 needs
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survival or self-preservation (physiological need) love and belonging power or inner control freedom or independence fun or enjoyment
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT human nature
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humans are by nature social creatures who need to give and receive love and belonging
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumption
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symptoms are the result of CHOICES we've made
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumptons symptoms
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we can choose to think feel and behave differently and reality therapy is based on Choice theory
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumptions
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emphasis is on personal responsibility
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumptions
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therapist's function is to keep therapy focused on the present and not on symptoms
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumptions
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we often mistakenly choose misery in our best attempt to meet our needs and we act responsibly when we meet our needs without keeping others from meeting their needs
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic assumptions
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the notion of transference is REJECTED by reality therapists
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT basic human needs
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All internally motivated behavior is geared toward meeting one or more of our basic genetically encoded needs
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT quality world
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consists of our visions of specific people, activities events beliefs and situations that will fulfill our needs
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT quality world
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People are the most important component of our quality world.
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Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy CRT quality world picture album
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specific wants as well as precise ways to satisfy these wants
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Getting into the clients' _______ _____ is the art of therapy
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Quality World
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Total Behavior
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Doing - active behaviors Thinking - thoughts, self-statements Feelings - anger, joy, pain, anxiety Physiology - bodily reactions
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Total behavior Glasser focused on the verb form of behavior feeling depressed, having a headache, feeling angry
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depressing, headaching, angering oneself
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Cycle of Counseling two major components
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1. Creating the counseling environment supportive, challenging, and noncoercive 2. Implementing specific procedures that lead to changes in behavior WDEP
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The "WDEP" System
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W Wants, needs and perceptions - What do you want to be and do? D Doing and Direction - What are you doing? Where do you want to go? E Self-evaluation - Does your present behavior have a reasonable chance of getting you what you want? P Planning - "SAMIC"
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Planning For Change: SAMIC
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S Simple A Attainable M Measurable I Immediate and Involved C Controlled, committed to, consistently done
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Group Counseling
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Group leaders and members jointly determine goals and plans of action
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Group Counseling
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members explore new courses of behavior that will bring them closer to getting what they want out of life
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Group Counseling
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Leaders challenge group members to evaluate for themselves if what they are currently doing is working for them
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Group Counseling
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Feedback from leaders and group members can help individuals design realistic and attainable plans Group setting encourages members to take an active stance in attaining change in their lives
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reality therapy
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focuses on the unsatisfying relationship or the lack of a relationship
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reality therapy best axiom
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"the only person you can control is yourself"
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reality therapy focuses on
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emphasize choice and responsibility reject transference keep the therapy in the present avoid focusing on symptoms challenge traditional views of mental illness
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Wubbolding focused on the Ericksonian principle
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people don't have problems they have solutions that have not worked
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Glasser criticized psychiatry
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because he felt it was detrimental to physical and mental health
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Strengths From a Diversity Perspective
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Reality therapists demonstrate their respect for their clients' cultural values by helping them explore how satisfying their current behavior is both to themselves and to others
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Strengths From a Diversity Perspective
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It is a sign of respect that the reality therapist refrains from deciding what behaviors should be changed
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Strengths From a Diversity Perspective
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With this focus on thinking and acting rather than on exploring feelings, many clients are less likely to display resistance to counseling
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Strengths From a Diversity Perspective
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The principles underlying choice theory are universal, which makes choice theory applicable to all people
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Strengths From a Diversity Perspective
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Reality therapy principles and procedures need to be applied differently in various cultures and must be adapted to the psychological and developmental levels presented by individuals
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Limitations From a Diversity Perspective
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Reality therapy gives only limited attention to helping people address environmental and social problems
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Limitations From a Diversity Perspective
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There is a danger that some reality therapists may overstress the ability of clients to take charge of their lives and not pay enough attention to systemic and environmental factors that can limit the potential for choice
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Limitations From a Diversity Perspective
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Some clients are very reluctant to directly verbally express what they need
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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Reality therapy has a relatively short-term focus and deals with conscious behavioral problems
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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The existential underpinnings of choice theory are a major strength of this approach, which accentuates taking responsibility for what we are doing
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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With the emphasis on responsibility and choice, individuals can acquire a sense of self-direction and empowerment
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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Reality therapy can be effectively used with individuals who manifest reluctance and who are often highly resistant
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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Reality therapy has been effectively used in addiction treatment and recovery programs for over 30 years
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Limitations of Reality Therapy
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Some feel it does not adequately address important psychological concepts such as insight, the unconscious, dreams and transference
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Limitations of Reality Therapy
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Clinicians may have trouble viewing all psychological disorders (including serious mental illness) as behavioral choices and more empirical support is needed
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Limitations of Reality Therapy
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There is a danger for the therapist of imposing his or her personal views on clients by deciding for the client what constitutes responsible behavior
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Limitations of Reality Therapy
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Reality therapy is often construed as simple and easy to master when in fact it requires much training to implement properly
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Basic goal of reality therapy
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is to help client learn better ways of fulfilling all of their needs
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reality therapists believe motivated to change
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when we are convinced that our preset behavior is not meeting our needs
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reality therapists believe motivated to change
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when we believe we can choose other behaviors tat will get us closer to what we want
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WDEP system questions to ask clients wants
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"Do you really want to change your life?" "What is it you want that you don't seem to be getting from life?"
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WDEP system questions to ask clients direction and doing
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"What did you actually do yesterday?" "What will you do tomorrow?"
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WDEP system questions to ask clients Self-Evaluation
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"Does your present behavior have a reasonable chance of getting you what you want now and will it take you in the direction you want to go?" "Is your current behavior bringing you closer to people important to yo or is it driving you further apart?"
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WDEP system questions to ask clients self-evaluation
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"Is what you are doing helping or hurting you?" "Is what you are doing now what you want to be doing?"
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WDEP system questions to ask clients planning and action
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"What plans could you make now that would result in a more satisfying life?" "What are you willing to do today to begin to change your life?"
