chapter 9 emergency procedures and first aid – Flashcards
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designed to render immediate care to persons injured, prior to the arrival of physicians
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first aid
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provides some degree of legal protections to the health care professional who offers first aid
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good Samaritan law
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a condition in which the circulatory system is not providing enough blood to all parts of the body, causing the body's organ to fail to function properly
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shock
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is a condition in which your heart suddenly can't pump enough blood to meet your body's needs
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cardiogenic shock
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is an emergency condition in which severe blood and fluid loss make the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body
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Hypovolemic shock
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is a distributive type of shock resulting in low blood pressure, occasionally with a slowed heart rate, that is attributed to the disruption of the autonomic pathways within the spinal cord
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neurogenic shock
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an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive.
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anaphylactic shock
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is a serious medical condition that occurs when sepsis, which is a body-wide inflammatory response to infection, leads to dangerously low blood pressure
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septic
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is a severe, life-threatening medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs.
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respiratory shock
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6 types of shock
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septic, respiratory, anaphylactic, neurogenic, hypovolemic, cardiogenic
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types of wounds
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open and closed
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have no break in skin, some may cause internal bleeding, rest or no movement and ice treatments
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closed wounds
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minor tears in skin, or more serious break, all represent chance for infection, tetanus shot may be needed
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open wounds
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superficial scraping of the epidermis, clean, apply ointment and some dressing
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abrasion
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skin is torn off and bleeding profusely, clean, apply dressing, then bandage
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avulsion
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caused by a sharp object, may need sutures
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incision
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tear the body tissue and can be difficult to clean
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laceration
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pierce deep and penetrate the skin but don't appear to be deep
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punctures
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sterile pads
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dressings
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non sterile wraps placed over dressings, application depends on injury and injury site, avoid too loose or too tight wrapping
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bandages
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open or closed spiral bandages are good for
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arms or legs
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figure of eight bandages are good for
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hand, wrist, knee or ankle
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tubular gauze bandages are good for
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fingers, toes, arms or legs
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superficial top layer of skin
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first degree burn
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skin is red and blisters appear
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second degree burns
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affects all layers of skin , plus fat, muscles, bones, and nerves under skin
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third degree burn
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accessing injuries to muscles, joints, & bones
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-note extent of bruising and swelling -pain is signal of injury - noticeable deformity to bone or injury -use of injured area is limited - talk to pt, what happened, did it make a sound when it happened?
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heat related illnesses
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-heat cramps' -heat exhaustion -heat stroke
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cold related illnesses
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frostbite hypothermia
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four ways poison can enter the body
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-ingestion - inhalation -absorption -injection
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symptoms of a poisonous snake bite
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-severe pain at location of the bite - swelling, redness, bruising, at location of the bite, spreading up bitten limb - nausea & vomiting -•diarrhea -hives
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result of a ruptured blood vessel in brain, causing hemorrhage, can be caused by a clot, brain is deprived of O2 too long, causing brain cells to die
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Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) (stroke)
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signs & symptoms of a heart attack
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chest tightness, pain radiating down 1 or both arms, pain radiating into left shoulder or jaw, rapid pulse, diaphoresis, cold clammy skin, N/V, agitation, pallor, SOB
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women may have different symptoms of a heart attack such as..
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ABD discomfort, burning sensation in chest, discomfort/pain in lower back or chest, fatigue, SOB
